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368 results for “immune signaling”
Supplemental Information - Allosteric activation of the co-receptor BAK1 by the EFR receptor kinase initiates immune signaling
<p>This folder contains</p> <p>1) maps of plasmids</p> <p>2) files of phylogenetic analysis </p> <p>3) Replication information</p> <p>4) Image cropping information</p> <p>5) Gene IDs and protein sequences</p> <p>that are part of the manuscript "Allosteric activation of the co-receptor BAK1 by the EFR receptor kinase initiates immune signaling"</p>
Data from: Pleiotropy alleviates the fitness costs associated with resource allocation trade-offs in immune signaling networks
<p>Many genes and signaling pathways within plant and animal taxa drive the expression of multiple organismal traits. This form of genetic pleiotropy instigates trade-offs among life-history traits if a mutation in the pleiotropic gene improves the fitness contribution of one trait at the expense of another. Whether or not pleiotropy gives rise to conflict among traits, however, likely depends on the resource costs and timing of trait deployment during organismal development. To investigate factors that could influence the evolutionary maintenance of pleiotropy in gene networks, we developed an agent-based model of co-evolution between parasites and hosts. Hosts comprise signaling networks that must faithfully complete a developmental program while also defending against parasites, and trait signaling networks could be independent or share a pleiotropic component as they evolved to improve host fitness. We found that hosts with independent developmental and immune networks were significantly more fit than hosts with pleiotropic networks when traits were deployed asynchronously during development. When host genotypes directly competed against each other, however, pleiotropic hosts were victorious regardless of trait synchrony because the pleiotropic networks were more robust to parasite manipulation, potentially explaining the abundance of pleiotropy in immune systems despite its contribution to life history trade-offs.</p>
Figure2. Generation of negative feedbacks gets tuned once a TCR completes stimulation beyond the threshold l. A TCell generates activation signal to BCell once it gets stimulation of its k-TCRs.-AIDEN: A Density Conscious Artificial Immune System for Automatic Discovery of Arbitrary Shape Clusters in Spatial Patterns
<p>A TCR at position p is stimulated if rp (x) - rn(x) > l. Figure 1 depicts this process. When a T<br> Cell receives stimulations on more than k receptors, it generates activation signal to a B Cell, as<br> represented in Figure2.</p>
Figure1. Static stimulation of a single TCR- The kinetic proofreading by the receptor on input x Є X forwards the receptor position p toward l. The receptor will generate negative feedback if p > β. The receptor will generate success signal when p== l.-AIDEN: A Density Conscious Artificial Immune System for Automatic Discovery of Arbitrary Shape Clusters in Spatial Patterns
<p>A TCR at position p is stimulated if rp (x) - rn(x) > l. Figure 1 depicts this process. When a T<br> Cell receives stimulations on more than k receptors, it generates activation signal to a B Cell, as<br> represented in Figure2.</p>
Progesterone signaling in oviductal epithelial cells modulates the immune response to support preimplantation embryonic development
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Data from: Pleiotropy alleviates the fitness costs associated with resource allocation trade-offs in immune signaling networks
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Data from: Male rock lizards may compensate reproductive costs of an immune challenge affecting sexual signals
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Sexual signals can be evolutionarily stable if they are condition dependent or costly to the signaler. One of these costs may be the trade-off between maintaining the immune system and the elaboration of ornaments. Experimental immune challenges in captivity show a reduction in the expression of sexual signals, but it is not clear whether these detrimental effects are important in nature and, more importantly, whether they have reproductive consequences. We designed a field experiment to challenge the immune system of wild male Carpetan rock lizards, Iberolacerta cyreni, with a bacterial antigen (LPS). The immune challenge decreased relative reflectance of UV structural and melanin-dependent sexual coloration in the throat and the lateral ocelli, whereas the carotenoid-dependent dorsal green coloration was not affected. Immune activation also decreased proportions of ergosterol and cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol in femoral secretions. These results support a trade-off between the immune system and both visual and chemical sexual ornaments. Moreover, reproductive success of males, estimated with DNA microsatellites, depended on the expression of some color and chemical traits. However, the immune challenge did not cause overall differences in reproductive success, although it increased with body size/age in control but not in challenged males. This suggests the use of alternative reproductive strategies (e.g. forced matings) in challenged males, particularly in smaller ones. These males might consider that their survival probabilities are low and increase reproductive effort as a form of terminal investment in spite of their "low-quality" sexual signals and potential survival costs.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Integrated plasma proteomic and single-cell immune signaling network signatures demarcate mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19
<p>The biological determinants underlying the range of COVID-19 clinical manifestations are not fully understood. Here, over 1400 plasma proteins and 2600 single-cell immune features comprising cell phenotype, endogenous signaling activity, and signaling responses to inflammatory ligands are cross-sectionally assessed in peripheral blood from 97 patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 and 40 uninfected patients. Using an integrated computational approach to analyze the combined plasma and single-cell proteomic data, we identify and independently validate a multivariate model classifying COVID-19 severity (multi-class AUC<sub>training</sub> = 0.799, p-value = 4.2e-6; multi-class AUC<sub>validation</sub> = 0.773, p-value = 7.7e-6). Examination of informative model features reveals novel biological signatures of COVID-19 severity, including the dysregulation of JAK/STAT, MAPK/mTOR, and NF-κB immune signaling networks in addition to recapitulating known hallmarks of COVID-19. These results provide a set of early determinants of COVID-19 severity that may point to therapeutic targets for prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 progression.</p>
No evidence for single-copy immune-gene specific signals of selection in termites
<p>Selection pressures from pathogens appear to play an important role in shaping social evolution. Social behavior, in particular brood care, is associated with pathogen pressure in wood-dwelling "lower" termites. Yet, generally pathogen pressure is predicted to be low in wood-dwelling termite species that never leave the nest except for the mating flight. In comparison, pathogen pressure is predicted to be higher in species that leave the nest to forage, and thus constantly encounter a diversity of microbes from their environment. We hypothesized that such differences in predicted pathogen pressure are also reflected by differences in the intensity of natural selection on immune genes. We tested this hypothesis in a phylogenetic framework, analyzing rates of non-synonymous and synonymous substitutions on single-copy immune genes. Therefore, we leveraged recent genomic and transcriptomic data from eight termite species, representing wood-dwelling and foraging species as well as 14 additional species spanning the winged insects (Pterygota). Our results provide no evidence for a role of pathogen pressure in selection intensity on single-copy immune genes. Instead, we found evidence for a genome-wide pattern of relaxed selection in termites.</p>
Combined tumor and immune signals from genomes or transcriptomes predict outcomes of checkpoint inhibition in melanoma
<p>Code and data for manuscript "Combined tumor and immune signals from genomes or transcriptomes predict outcomes of checkpoint inhibition in melanoma"</p>
Integrated plasma proteomic and single-cell immune signaling network signatures demarcate mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19
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Bayesian network analysis of immune signaling networks FACS data
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Data from: Male rock lizards may compensate reproductive costs of an immune challenge affecting sexual signals
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No evidence for single-copy immune-gene specific signals of selection in termites
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Immunization of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Using the GP100 Peptide Preceded by an Endoplasmic Reticulum Insertion Signal Sequence
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00001705. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Effect of Methylprednisolone on Immune Signaling in Hip-arthroplasty Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02542592. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Data from: Developmental timing of signals affects information content: song complexity but not consistency reflects innate immune strategy in male song sparrows
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Data from: Body height and immune efficacy: testing body stature as a signal of biological quality
According to the good genes hypothesis and energy allocation theory, human adult body height may reflect biological quality. An important aspect of this quality is immune system functioning (ISF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ISF and body height in healthy people. The ISF was determined by several important innate (total complement and lysozyme activity, neutrophils function) and adaptive immune parameters (lymphocytes, IgA and IgG, and response to flu vaccine). Overall, 96 males and 97 females were subjected to flu vaccination, and of these 35 males and 34 females were subjected to tetanus. Blood samples were collected before and 4 weeks after vaccination. Immunomodulatory factors: participant's age, body fat and free testosterone levels, were controlled. There was no association between body height and all analysed immune parameters for both sexes. That might suggest that in western society, a women's preference for taller men is not related to "good genes for immune competence". We propose the novel Immunity Priority Hypothesis that explains the lack of relationship between adult body stature and ISF. This hypothesis, however, does not contradict the signalling role of a man's body height as a morphological marker of biological quality.
Berberine protects against sepsis-related acute lung injury in rats via the upregulation of the PPAR - Υ signaling pathway, with amelioration at the cellular level - A functional, immune-histological and biochemical study
<p>Aim: To assess the therapeutic effects of berberine in experimentally induced lung sepsis. Examining its effects on selected cytokines, gene and protein expression and the histopathological findings.</p> <p>Results: Berberine significantly reduced the wet/dry lung ratio, the BALF protein, cell, and neutrophils percentage & the BALF cytokines levels. In addition, pretreatment with berberine decreases the myeloperoxidase and MDA levels and decreases gene expression of NFKB, MCP -1 and the ICAM - 1 by RT - PCR analysis. Thus, suggesting an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mode of the action. Western blot analysis revealed increased PPAR – Υ expression in the berberine pretreated group compared to the CLP group. Histopathological examination revealed improved histopathological parameters, in the berberine pretreated group, compared to the CLP group.</p> <p>Conclusion: Berberine improves the outcome in sepsis via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, modulation of cytokine levels, upregulation of PPAR - Υ protein expression, and histopathological amelioration.</p>
Immune-Related Trafficking and Signaling in Human Skin Associated With Low-Power, Infrared Laser Treatment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02453113. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.