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303 results for “individual differences”
Individual Differences in Fluid Reasoning and RAPM-like Problem Solving
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Full Body Motion Capture of Single Individuals Following External Perturbations from Different Directions
<p>This dataset is composed of C3D files corresponding to full body motion of participants undergoing external perturbation at shoulder height with different sensory conditions. The temporal force profiles of the perturbations are also available.</p> <p>The following experiment received ethical approval from an ethics committee and all participants signed an informed consent form relative to the processing of their data. <br>The experiments were carried on 21 healthy young adults (10 females, 11 males). All were between 20 and 38 yo with a mean age of 27.2 (std: 4.2). Mean mass was 70.2 (std: 12.1) kg and height was 1.74 (std: 0.08) m. </p> <p>Participants motion was recorded using 45 reflective markers and a 23 Qualisys camera system (200Hz). <br>The markers were placed on participants following standardised anatomical landmarks. <br>The output signal of the force sensor was processed using a Butterworth low pass filter with a 5Hz cutoff frequency without phase shift. <br>The force sensor was synchronised with the motion capture software.<br>Tree reflective markers were also placed along the pole in order to retrieve the exact direction of the perturbations. </p>
Dataset: Sex differences in the impact of social relationships on individual vocal signatures in grey mouse lemurs
<p>Dataset used in the statistical analysis of the publication "Sex differences in the impact of social relationships on individual vocal signatures in grey mouse lemurs (<em>Microcebus murinus</em>)"</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Vocali<span>z</span>ations coordinate social interactions between conspecifics by conveying information concerning the individual or group identity of the sender. Social accommodation is a form of vocal learning where social affinity is signalled by converging or diverging vocali<span>z</span>ations to those of conspecifics. To investigate whether social accommodation is linked to the social lifestyle of the sender, we investigated sex-specific differences in social accommodation in a dispersed living primate, the grey mouse lemur, where females form stable sleeping groups whereas males live solitarily. We used 482 trill calls of 36 individuals from our captive breeding colony to compare acoustic dissimilarity between individuals with genetic relatedness, social contact time and body weight. Our results showed that female trills become more similar the more time females spen<span>d</span> with each other independent of genetic relationship, suggesting vocal convergence. In contrast, male trills were affected more by genetic than social factors. However, focus<span>s</span>ing only on sociali<span>z</span>ed males, male trills diverged from each other the more time males were cage partners. Thus, grey mouse lemurs show the capacity for social accommodation, with females converging their trills to signal social closeness to sleeping group partners, whereas males do not adapt or diverge their trills to signal individual distinctiveness. </p> <p> </p> <p>For details concerning the recording of the trills confer to the publication at doi: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0193</p>
InterTVA. A multimodal MRI dataset for the study of inter-individual differences in voice perception and identification.
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Common Genetic Variants in FOXP2 are Not Associated with Individual Differences in Language Development
<p>Three data sets used in” Common Genetic Variants <em>in FOXP2</em> Are Not Associated with Individual Differences in Language Development” are provided. The discovery data set was comprised of 834 children who were members of a Longitudinal sample and children who were members of a School sample. Both samples are contained in the Iowa data set. The Iowa data set contains a quantitative variable LCOMP that represents a composite z-score representing oral language ability. The data set also identifies which sample the children belonged to and the allele calls for 13 tag SNPs located across <em>FOXP2</em>. A second data file, ELVS, contains data from a separate sample of children who were used to test for replication of inconsistent evidence of an association between language and the SNP rs1916988. The ELVS file provides a composite oral language score scaled in standard score units (mean=100, SD=15) and the genotype calls for the SNP rs1916988.</p>
Data from: Evaluating the foraging performance of individual honey bees in different environments with automated field RFID systems
<p>Measuring the individual foraging performances of pollinators is crucial to guide environmental policies that aim at enhancing pollinator health and pollination services. Automated systems have been developed to track the activity of individual honey bees, but their deployment is extremely challenging. This has limited the assessment of individual foraging performances in full-strength bee colonies in the field. Most studies available to date have been constrained to use downsized bee colonies located in urban and suburban areas. Environmental policy-making, on the other hand, needs a more comprehensive assessment of honey bee performances in a broader range of environments, including in remote agricultural and wild areas. Here we detail a new autonomous field method to record high quality data on the flight ontogeny and foraging performance of honey bees, using Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID). We separate bee traffic into returning and exiting tunnels to improve data quality, solving many previous limitations of RFID systems caused by traffic jams and the parasitic coupling of RFID antennae. With this method, we assembled a large RFID dataset made of control bee colonies from experiments conducted in different locations and seasons. We hope our results will be a starting point to understand how ontogenetic and environmental factors affect the individual performances of honey bees, and that our method will enable the large-scale replication of individual pollinator performance studies.</p>
Niche overlap in rodents increases with competition but not ecological opportunity: A role of inter-individual difference
<div> <p><span>Niche variation at population level mediates niche packing (i.e., patterns of species' spread within the niche space) and species coexistence at community level. Competition and ecological opportunity (resource diversity) are two of the main mechanisms underlying niche variation. Dense niche packing could occur through increased niche partitioning or increased niche overlap.</span></p> <p><span>In this study we used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data of 635 individual rodents from 4 species across 9 sites in the montane region of a subtropical island to test the effects of competition and ecological opportunity on population isotope niche size, inter-individual niche difference within population, and inter-specific niche overlap within community.</span></p> <p><span>We used the Bayesian Standard Ellipse Area (SEAB, the ellipse area enclosed by carbon and nitrogen isotope values of organisms on a bi-plot) to estimate population niche size and inter-specific niche overlap. Inter-individual niche difference within population was quantified as isotopic divergence and isotopic uniqueness. We used rodent abundance (the number of unique individuals captured) to measure competition and plant isotope niche size (plant SEAB) to measure ecological opportunity.</span></p> <p><span>The rodents experienced competition as evidenced by a negative relationship between population change rate and conspecific abundance. Rodent population niche size increased with ecological opportunity but not competition. The inter-individual niche difference (isotopic uniqueness) increased with competition (inter-specific competition only) but not ecological opportunity. At community level, inter-specific niche overlap (herbivore—omnivore pair only) increased with competition (the combined abundance of the pair) but not ecological opportunity.</span></p> <p><span>This study demonstrated that isotope niche variation of the rodents could be hierarchically influenced by ecological opportunity and competition, with the former setting the limit of population niche size across communities and the latter shaping inter-individual niche difference and inter-specific niche overlap within communities. Under strong intra-specific competition and limited ecological opportunity for niche expansion, individuals may choose to increase their isotopic uniqueness from conspecifics at the cost of overlapping with heterospecifics of different trophic roles within the community niche space as overall competition increases. Denser niche packing of these rodent communities might be achieved through increased niche overlap.</span></p> </div>
Рис. 1. Брачные крики и их инΑивиΑуаΛьная изменчивость у разных виΑов воΛчков: a — I. m. minutes (Celmins 2008; Bruggen 2017; Maffezzoli 2021); b — I. m. dubius (Graff 2012; Davison 2020); c — I. m. payesii (Hesse 2009; Archer 2019; Cockcroft 2020); d — I. sinensis (Piot 2021; Raveendran 2021; Jeff 2022); e — I. e. exilis (Graves 2021; Overholtz 2021); f — I. e. peruvianus (Moore 2003; Krabbe 2015; Arias 2020); g — I. eurythmus (Mark 1997; Lastukhin 2015; Wulf 2016) Fig. 1. Mating calls and their individual variability in different bittern species: a — I. m.minutes Celmins 2008; Bruggen 2017; Maffezzoli 2021); b — I. m. dubius (Graff 2012; Davison 2020); c — I. m. payesii (Hesse 2009; Archer 2019; Cockcroft 2020); d — I. sinensis (Piot 2021; Raveendran 2021; Jeff 2022); e — I. e. exilis (Graves 2021; Overholtz 2021); f — I. e. peruvianus (Moore 2003; Krabbe 2015; Arias 2020); g — I. eurythmus (Mark 1997; Lastukhin 2015; Wulf 2016) in Call repertoire of Bitterns Ixobrychus in Russian Far East
Рис. 1. Брачные крики и их инΑивиΑуаΛьная изменчивость у разных виΑов воΛчков: a — I. m. minutes (Celmins 2008; Bruggen 2017; Maffezzoli 2021); b — I. m. dubius (Graff 2012; Davison 2020); c — I. m. payesii (Hesse 2009; Archer 2019; Cockcroft 2020); d — I. sinensis (Piot 2021; Raveendran 2021; Jeff 2022); e — I. e. exilis (Graves 2021; Overholtz 2021); f — I. e. peruvianus (Moore 2003; Krabbe 2015; Arias 2020); g — I. eurythmus (Mark 1997; Lastukhin 2015; Wulf 2016) Fig. 1. Mating calls and their individual variability in different bittern species: a — I. m.minutes Celmins 2008; Bruggen 2017; Maffezzoli 2021); b — I. m. dubius (Graff 2012; Davison 2020); c — I. m. payesii (Hesse 2009; Archer 2019; Cockcroft 2020); d — I. sinensis (Piot 2021; Raveendran 2021; Jeff 2022); e — I. e. exilis (Graves 2021; Overholtz 2021); f — I. e. peruvianus (Moore 2003; Krabbe 2015; Arias 2020); g — I. eurythmus (Mark 1997; Lastukhin 2015; Wulf 2016)
Рис. 3. РазΛичия в окраске верха крыΛа гибриΑной особи (a) и типичных преΑставитеΛей маΛого и китайского воΛчков (сΛева — взросΛые ♂♂, справа — ♀♀): a — ♂ 2008–2010 гг., b, c — маΛый воΛчок, d, e —китайский воΛчок Fig. 3. Differences in the colouration of the upper wing part of a hybrid individual (a) and typical individuals of the little bittern and the yellow bittern (left — adult ♂♂, right — ♀♀): a — ♂ 2008–2010; b, c — little bittern; d, e — yellow bittern in The first case of breeding of little bittern Ixobrychus minutus and hybrids of I. minutus with I. sinensis in the Russian Far East
Рис. 3. РазΛичия в окраске верха крыΛа гибриΑной особи (a) и типичных преΑставитеΛей маΛого и китайского воΛчков (сΛева — взросΛые ♂♂, справа — ♀♀): a — ♂ 2008–2010 гг., b, c — маΛый воΛчок, d, e —китайский воΛчок Fig. 3. Differences in the colouration of the upper wing part of a hybrid individual (a) and typical individuals of the little bittern and the yellow bittern (left — adult ♂♂, right — ♀♀): a — ♂ 2008–2010; b, c — little bittern; d, e — yellow bittern
Sanderlings (Calidris alba) of two different age classes at the moment of individual colour-marking at four non-breeding sites that were or were not observed during migration following the capture.
<p>The data file contains data of Sanderlings (<em>Calidris alba</em>) of two different age classes at the moment of capture and individual colour-marking at one of four wintering areas that were or were not observed during migration following the capture. Each individual is indicated with a unique number in column “BirdID”. The column “country” indicates which of the four wintering areas (as depicted in Fig. 1 in the manuscript), with GB indicating England, PT indicating Portugal, MR indicating Mauritania and GH indicating Ghana. The “age” of each bird was either juvenile (<1 year old) or adult (>1 year old). Whether an individual was observed during migration, i.e. at least 2 latitudinal degrees north of its average winter location between 15 March – 15 October, in the migration period following capture is indicated with a 0 (not observed) or 1 (observed) in the column “observed”. Further details can be found in the methods section in the manuscript.</p>
Text-fig. 9. Mean individual differences in non-metric and metric variables of M1 from respective mean values of extant A. flavicollis, A. sylvaticus and A. uralensis in the Recent samples (left) and fossils of particular Pleistocene biozones (right), superimposed to variation ranges and centroids of the former ones. in Genus Apodemus In The Pleistocene Of Central Europe: When Did The Extant Taxa Appear?
Text-fig. 9. Mean individual differences in non-metric and metric variables of M1 from respective mean values of extant A. flavicollis, A. sylvaticus and A. uralensis in the Recent samples (left) and fossils of particular Pleistocene biozones (right), superimposed to variation ranges and centroids of the former ones.
Data for: Effect of heterospecific and conspecific competition on individual differences in tadpole behavior
<p>Repeated social interactions with conspecifics and/or heterospecifics during early development may drive the differentiation of behaviour among individuals. This behavioural differentiation may occur through individuals behaving more different from each other on average and/or individuals behaving more consistently. Competition is a major form of social interaction and its impacts can depend on whether interactions occur between conspecifics or heterospecifics and the directionality of a response could be specific to different behavioural traits. To test this, we reared tungara frog tadpoles (<em>Engystomops pustulosus</em>) either in isolation, with a conspecific tadpole or with an aggressive heterospecific tadpole, the whistling frog tadpole, <em>Leptodactylus fuscus</em>. In each treatment, we measured the body size, activity, exploration and risk taking in the presence of a predator in focal <em>E. pustulosus</em> tadpoles six times during development. We used univariate and multivariate hierarchical mixed effect models to investigate the effect of treatment on mean behaviour and on among individual variance between and within individuals across behavioural traits. There was a strong effect of competition on behaviour, with different population and individual level responses across social treatments. Within their home tank, individuals were more consistent in their movements under conspecific competition but heterospecific competition caused more variance in the average movement among individuals. Behavioural responses were also trait specific as conspecific competition caused greater variability in movements among individuals in a novel environment. The results highlight that the impact of competition on inter-individual differences in behaviour is dependent on competitor species identity and is trait specific. Keywords: animal personality, competition, conspecific, heterospecific, individual differences, variance partitioning.</p>
Investigating PhDs' early career occupational outcomes in Italy: individual motivations, role of supervisor and gender differences (Anonymized UniTo dataset)
<p>Anonymized dataset to replicate the UniTo analysis in Carriero <em>et al.</em> (2023).</p> <p><em>If you use the data, please cite</em>:</p> <p>Carriero, R., Coda Zabetta, M., Geuna, A., & Tomatis, F. (2023). Investigating PhDs’ early career occupational outcomes in Italy: Individual motivations, role of supervisor and gender differences. <em>Higher Education</em>. (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-023-01068-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-023-01068-y</a>)</p>
Data from: Evaluating the foraging performance of individual honey bees in different environments with automated field RFID systems
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Hemodynamic responses link individual differences in informational masking to the vicinity of superior temporal gyrus
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Data for: Effect of heterospecific and conspecific competition on individual differences in tadpole behavior
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Spur-winged lapwings show spatial behavioral types with different mobility and exploration between urban and rural individuals
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Niche overlap in rodents increases with competition but not ecological opportunity: A role of inter-individual difference
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Data from: Fencing amplifies individual differences in movement with implications on survival for two migratory ungulates
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Data from: Individual differences in behaviour explain variation in survival: a meta-analysis
<p>Research focusing on among-individual differences in behaviour ("animal personality") has been blooming for over a decade. One of the central theories explaining the maintenance of such behavioural variation posits that individuals expressing greater "risky" behaviours should suffer higher mortality. Here, for the first time, we synthesize the existing empirical evidence for this key prediction. Our results did not support this prediction as there was no directional relationship between riskier behaviour and greater mortality; however there was a significant absolute relationship between behaviour and survival. In total, behaviour explained a significant, but small, portion (5.8%) of the variance in survival. We also found that risky (versus "shy") behavioural types live significantly longer in the wild, but not in the laboratory. This suggests that individuals expressing risky behaviours might be of overall higher quality but the lack of predation pressure and resource restrictions mask this effect in laboratory environments. Our work implies that individual differences in behaviour explain important differences in survival but not in the direction predicted by theory. Importantly, this suggests that the models predicting survival trade-offs may need revision and/or empiricists may need to reconsider their proxies of risky behaviours when testing such theory.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.