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12 results for “infection avoidance”
Ranavirus infection-induced avoidance behavior in wood frog juveniles: Do amphibians socially distance?
<p>Hosts may limit exposure to pathogens through changes in behavior, such as avoiding infected individuals or contaminated areas. Here, we tested for a behavioral response to ranavirus infection in juvenile wood frogs (<em>Rana sylvatica</em>) because the majority of dispersal between populations occurs during this life stage. We hypothesized that if infections are transmissible and detectable at this life stage, then susceptibles would display avoidance behaviors when introduced to an infected conspecific. Despite no apparent signs of infection, we observed a greater distance between susceptible-infected pairs, compared to pairs of either two infected or two susceptible animals. Further, distances between susceptible-infected pairs were positively related to the infection intensity of the focal exposed frog, suggesting the cue to avoid infected conspecifics may become more detectable with more intense infections. Although we did not quantify whether transmission was affected by their distancing, our findings suggest that juvenile frogs have the potential to reduce terrestrial transmission of ranaviruses through avoidance behaviors.</p>
Pilot Study of Avoidance of Bladder Catheters in Stroke Patients to Avoid Urinary Tract Infections
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01275261. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Efficacy Study of Antimicrobial Catheters to Avoid Urinary Infections in Spinal Cord Injured Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01803919. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 5. Publications: 1.
Ranavirus infection-induced avoidance behavior in wood frog juveniles: Do amphibians socially distance?
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Data from: Transmission risk predicts avoidance of infected conspecifics in Trinidadian guppies
1.Associating with conspecifics afflicted with infectious diseases increases the risk of becoming infected, but engaging in avoidance behaviour incurs the cost of lost social benefits. Across systems, infected individuals vary in the transmission risk they pose, so natural selection should favour risk‐sensitive avoidance behaviour that optimally balances the costs and benefits of sociality. 2.Here we use the guppy Poecilia reticulata‐Gyrodactylus turnbulli host‐parasite system to test the prediction that individuals avoid infected conspecifics in proportion to the transmission risk they pose. 3.In dichotomous choice tests, uninfected fish avoided both the chemical and visual cues, presented separately, of infected conspecifics only in the later stages of infection. 4.A transmission experiment indicated that this avoidance behaviour accurately tracked transmission risk (quantified as both the speed at which transmission occurs and the number of parasites transmitting) through the course of infection. 5.Together, these findings reveal that uninfected hosts can use redundant cues across sensory systems to inform dynamic risk‐sensitive avoidance behaviour. This correlation between the transmission risk posed by infected individuals and the avoidance response they elicit has implications for the evolutionary ecology of infectious disease, and its explicit inclusion may improve the ability of epidemic models to predict disease spread.
Data from: Learned parasite avoidance is driven by host personality and resistance to infection in a fish–trematode interaction
Cognitive abilities related to the assessment of risk improve survival. While earlier studies have examined the ability of animals to learn to avoid predators, learned parasite avoidance has received little interest. In a series of behavioural trials with the trematode parasite Diplostomum pseudospathaceum, we asked whether sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta) hosts show associative learning in the context of parasitism and if so, whether learning capacity is related to the likelihood of infection mediated through host personality and resistance. We show that animals are capable of learning to avoid visual cues associated with the presence of parasites. However, avoidance behaviour ceased after the likely activation of host resistance following consecutive exposures during learning, suggesting that resistance to infection outweighs avoidance. Further, we found a positive relationship between learning ability and boldness, suggesting a compensation of risky lifestyles through increased investment in cognitive abilities. By contrast, an increased risk of infection due to low resistance was not balanced by learning ability. Instead, these traits were positively related, which may be explained by inherent physiological qualities controlling both traits. Overall, the results demonstrate that parasitism, in addition to other biological interactions such as predation, is an important selective factor in the evolution of animal cognition.
Data from: Learned parasite avoidance is driven by host personality and resistance to infection in a fish–trematode interaction
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Data from: Transmission risk predicts avoidance of infected conspecifics in Trinidadian guppies
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Data from: The effects of the avoidance of infectious hosts on infection risk in an insect-pathogen interaction
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Alveolar macrophages critically control infection by seasonal human coronavirus OC43 to avoid severe pneumonia [I]
GEO Series GSE288214. Mus musculus. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Alveolar macrophages critically control infection by seasonal human coronavirus OC43 to avoid severe pneumonia
GEO Series GSE288215. Mus musculus. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Alveolar macrophages critically control infection by seasonal human coronavirus OC43 to avoid severe pneumonia [scRNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE289734. Mus musculus. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.