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43 results for “isotopic signature”
Biomass %N, %C, natural abundance 15N and 13C isotopic signatures for common and rare under- and overstory plants in long unburned and burned (1999) boreal forest stands, Caribou-Poker Creek and Delta Junction
This dataset contains leaf, aboveground stem, and fruit carbon and N concentration and natural abundance isotope data for new and old tissue fractions of common and rare plant species in burned and unburned black spruce forest stands. Stands were located in either Caribou-Poker Creek or Delta Junction, in either unburned areas, or in areas burned in 1999 fires. Biomass was collected between 2000 and 2001 in mid-July at peak biomass.
Biomass, stoichiometry, and isotopic signatures of stream microbial mats, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2012-2013)
We conducted a field survey to quantify the biomass (chlorophyll-a and ash-free dry mass), nutrient ratios (molar C:N:P), and isotopic signatures (δ13C and δ15N) of four microbial mat types (green, orange, black, and red) in the glacial meltwater streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. All samples were taken from late December to late January during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 austral summers, and included sites from Taylor, Miers, Garwood, and Wright valleys. Most collection sites were located at the lake outlet of streams, but for a subset (e.g. Delta, Von Guerard, Onyx, Miers, and Canada) more than one sample site is included per stream system.
Simulation data and software scripts used in calculus of ∆36 signature from EMAC clumped O2 isotope-inclusive model
<p>This publication contains simulation data and software scripts for calculating quantities related to clumped oxygen isotope signature (∆<sub>36</sub>) derivation, as described in the "static" framework of Yeung‍ et‍ al. (2016), hereinafter "Y16") and subsequently used in Yeung‍ et‍ al.‍ (2019) analysis. We provide the output of the 1950–2011 transient simulation with EMAC model with explicit "dynamic" simulation of ∆<sub>36</sub> (i.e. <sup>18</sup>O<sup>18</sup>O isotopologues undergoing transport, mixing and O(<sup>3</sup>P)-mediated isotope equilibration) to demonstrate the importance of several assumptions/simplifications involved in the static calculus.</p> <p> </p> <p>Please refer to .README.pdf for details.</p>
FIG. 5 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 5. — δ13Cdistribution along the facies profile plotted for dominating taxa (latest Famennian-middle Tournaisian; Kamenka River section org
FIG. 3 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 3. — Distribution of δ13Cvalues among conodonts having different morphological types of P1 elements. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. org
FIG. 2 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 2. — Lithology, biostratigraphy, and facies distribution of the Kamenka River section (Pechora Craton). Legend: 1, limestone; 2, clayey limestone; 3, clay; 4, cherty nodules; 5, flat lamination; 6, wavy lamination.
FIG. 1 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 1. — Localization of the sites under consideration: A, Generalized map of Eastern Europe; rectangles mark the localities: 1, Pechora Craton; 2, Voronezh Anteclise (Kamenka Quarry and Russkiy Brod Quarry sections); 3, Ilmen Lake region (Chudovo section, Syas River section, Ilmen Lake borehole 8, Ilmen Lake section); 4, Chimbulat Quarry. B, Map of Pechora Craton; C, Scheme of outcrops' position in the Kozhva River basin.
CH4 isotopic signatures of emissions from oil and gas extraction sites in Romania
<p>Dataset linked to the manuscript "CH4 isotopic signatures of emissions from oil and gas extraction sites in Romania", submitted to Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene.</p> <p>Abstract: Methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere from the oil and gas sector in Romania remain highly uncertain, despite their relevance for the European Union’s goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Measurements of the isotopic composition of CH4 can be used for source attribution, which is important in top-down studies of emissions from extended areas. We performed isotope measurements of CH4 in atmospheric air samples collected from an aircraft (24 locations) and ground vehicles (83 locations), around oil and gas production sites in Romania, with focus on the Romanian Plain. Ethane to methane ratios (C2:C1) were derived at 412 locations of the same fossil fuel activity clusters. The resulting isotopic signals (δ13C and δ2H in CH4) covered a wide range of values, indicating mainly thermogenic gas sources (associated with oil production) in the Romanian Plain, mostly in Prahova county (δ13C from -67.8 to -22.4 per mille V-PDB; δ2H from -255 to -138 per mille V-SMOW) but also the presence of some natural gas reservoirs of microbial origin in Dolj, Ialomia, Prahova and likely Teleorman counties. The classification based on C2:C1 ratios was generally in agreement with the one based on CH4 isotopic composition, and confirmed the characterisation of the gas origin. In several cases, the CH4 enhancements sampled from the aircraft could directly be linked to the underlying production clusters using wind data. The combination of δ13C and δ2H signals determined on these samples confirm that the oil and gas production sector is the main source of CH4 emissions in the target areas.</p>
Data files for: Huston, D.C. et al. 2021. Stable isotope signatures of an acanthocephalan and trematode from the herbivorous marine fish Kyphosus bigibbus (Perciformes: Kyphosidae). Journal of Parasitology. 107: 726–730
<p>Data files for the paper: Huston, D.C. et al. 2021. Stable isotope signatures of an acanthocephalan and trematode from the herbivorous marine fish Kyphosus bigibbus (Perciformes: Kyphosidae). Journal of Parasitology. 107(5) 726–730</p> <p>Includes raw data, .csv files for import of data into R, R script file, and excel spreadsheet file used to create Figure 1.</p>
FIG. 6 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 6. — Bivariate plot for bulk carbonate δ13Cand conodont δ13Cvalues. carb org
FIG. 4 in Trophic position of some Late Devonian-Carboniferous (Mississippian) conodonts revealed on carbon organic matter isotope signatures: a case study of the East European basin
FIG. 4. — Organic carbon isotope compositions of conodonts measured in the study.
Understanding Zinc isotopic signatures in volcanic lakes
<p>Dataset for the publication entitled "Understanding Zinc isotopic signatures in volcanic lakes" published in GCA.</p>
dataset Spagnesi et al., 2023 "Preservation of chemical and isotopic signatures within the Weißseespitze millennial old ice cap (Eastern Alps), despite the ongoing ice loss"
<p>Dataset related to the paper "<strong>Preservation of chemical and isotopic signatures within the Weißseespitze millennial old ice cap (Eastern Alps), despite the ongoing ice loss</strong>" by Spagnesi et al. (2023). It contains the chemistry, microcharcoal and water stable isotopes measurements conducted on the Weißseespitze ice cores drilled in 2019 and 2021.</p>
Persistence of the isotopic signature of pentavalent uranium in magnetite
<p>Original data pertaining to the manuscript 'Persistence of the isotopic signature of pentavalent uranium in magnetite' published in Environmental Science and Technology by Zezhen Pan, Yvonne Roebbert, Aaron Beck, Barbora Bartova, Tonya Vitova, Stefan Weyer, Rizlan Bernier-Latmani.</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06865">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06865</a></p>
Data from: Dissolved nitrogen uptake versus nitrogen fixation: Mode of nitrogen acquisition affects stable isotope signatures of a diazotrophic cyanobacterium and its grazer
<p>Field studies suggest that changes in the stable isotope ratios of phytoplankton communities can be used to track changes in the utilization of different nitrogen sources, i.e., to detect shifts from dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) uptake to atmospheric nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) fixation by diazotrophic cyanobacteria as an indication of nitrogen limitation. We explored changes in the stable isotope signature of the diazotrophic cyanobacterium <em>Trichormus variabilis</em> in response to increasing nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations (0 to 170 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) under controlled laboratory conditions. In addition, we explored the influence of nitrogen utilization at the primary producer level on trophic fractionation by studying potential changes in isotope ratios in the freshwater model <em>Daphnia magna</em> feeding on the differently grown cyanobacteria. We show that <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N values of the cyanobacterium increase asymptotically with DIN availability, from -0.7 ‰ in the absence of DIN (suggesting N<sub>2</sub> fixation) to 2.9 ‰ at the highest DIN concentration (exclusive DIN uptake). In contrast, <em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C values of the cyanobacterium did not show a clear relationship with DIN availability. The stable isotope ratios of the consumer reflected those of the differently grown cyanobacteria but also revealed significant trophic fractionation in response to nitrogen utilization at the primary producer level. Nitrogen isotope turnover rates of <em>Daphnia</em> were highest in the absence of DIN as a consequence of N<sub>2</sub> fixation and resulting depletion in <sup>15</sup>N at the primary producer level. Our results highlight the potential of stable isotopes to assess nitrogen limitation and to explore diazotrophy in aquatic food webs.</p>
C-isotopic signatures and soil properties of Amazon basin oxisols
<p>This dataset presents C isotopic data from two sites (Apuí and Manacapuru) located in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Soils were sampled at three time periods, under weak raining (March-2016), extreme dry (August-2016), and strong wet (March-2017) conditions. The dataset first presents general information about the site (on the tab "site"), followed by more detailed information (on the tab "profile") about both sampling locations. The coordinates, altitude, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil order in USDA taxonomy and their respective land use categories and vegetation classifications are described. </p> <p>On the 'layer' tab, information about the soil depth, percent sand, silt and clay, pH CaCl2 and H2O, Organic and Total Carbon, total nitrogen and carbon/nitrogen ratio are described. The bulk C-isotopic signature is also listed on this tab as the Bulk Layer Δ14C and its standard deviation, Bulk Layer Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p> <p>The "Incubation" tab describes details of the soil incubations conducted at Apuí and Manacapuru. Information about the material and length of incubation, as well as the CO2 fluxes over the duration of incubation are reported. The respired C-isotopic signature during the incubation is also given on this tab as the incubation Δ14C and its standard deviation, incubation Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p>
Data from: Resource partitioning confirmed by isotopic signatures allows small mammals to share seasonally flooded meadows
Meadows in river deltas are characterized by a high diversity and abundance of small mammals. However, neither their spatial arrangement nor differences in their use of microhabitat can necessarily explain the dense co‐occurrence of sympatric species. We investigated how several small mammal species share a seasonally flooded meadow of limited size, testing predictions (P1) that herbivore, granivore, insectivore, and omnivore species are separated in time (dominant in different years), (P2) that sympatric species undergo isotopic partitioning, and (P3) that there are intraspecific differences in diet. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope signatures in the hair of seven synantropic shrew, vole, and mice species were used as a proxy for their diet. We found that the three most abundant species in eight of the nine years were from different diet groups. However, based on the number of species in the functional groups, the state of small mammal community was considered unfavored in five out of the nine investigation years. In years with the greatest dominance of Apodemus agrarius, the small mammal community was characterized by decreased diversity and Micromys minutus was either in low abundance or absent. In 2014 and 2016, years of low abundance or absence of M. oeconomus, M. agrestis, and M. glareolus were both recorded in high numbers. Differences in the isotopic signatures of the three most abundant small mammal species in the community were clearly expressed and core areas in the isotopic space were separated, showing their dependence on different dietary resources. Intraspecific dietary separation between young and adult animals was observed only in M. oeconomus. Thus, the high species diversity of small mammals and the formation of their community in this investigated flooded meadow are maintained by isotopic partitioning (segregation in dietary space) and by changes in their number over time (shifting dominance).
Data from: Killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns
Local adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer whales (Orcinus orca) of the same population have uniform specialized diets that are non-overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent and socially isolated killer whale ecotypes. However, killer whales in Iceland show intra-population variation of isotopic niches and observed movement patterns: some individuals appear to specialise on herring and follow it year-round while others feed upon herring only seasonally or opportunistically. We investigated genetic differentiation among Icelandic killer whales with different isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns. This information is key for management and conservation purposes but also for better understanding how niche specialization drives genetic differentiation. Photo-identified individuals (N = 61) were genotyped for 22 microsatellites and a 611 bp portion of the mitochondrial control region. Photo-identification of individuals allowed linkage of genetic data to existing data on individual isotopic niche, observed movement patterns and social associations. Population subdivision into three genetic units was supported by a Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC). Genetic clustering corresponded to the distribution of isotopic signatures, mtDNA haplotypes and observed movement patterns, but genetic units were not socially segregated. Genetic differentiation was weak (FST <0.1), suggesting ongoing gene flow or recent separation of the genetic units. Our results show that killer whales in Iceland are not as genetically differentiated, ecologically discrete or socially isolated as the Northeast Pacific prey-specialized killer whales. If any process of ecological divergence and niche specialization is taking place among killer whales in Iceland it is likely at a very early stage and has not led to the patterns observed in the Northeast Pacific.
Leaf CNPK concentrations and isotopic signatures
<p>Previous meta-analyses suggested that carnivorous plants – despite access to N, P, and K from prey – have significantly lower leaf concentrations of these nutrients than non-carnivores. Those studies, however, largely compared carnivores in nutrient-poor habitats with non-carnivores in more nutrient-rich sites, so that the differences reported might reflect habitat differences as much as differences in nutrient-capture strategy. Here we examine three carnivorous and 12 non-carnivorous plants in the same nutrient-poor bog to compare their foliar nutrient concentrations, assess their patterns of nutrient limitation using leaf NPK stoichiometry, and estimate %N derived from prey by carnivores using a mixing model for stable N isotopes. We hypothesized that (1) carnivore leaf nutrient concentrations approach or exceed those of non-carnivores in the same nutrient-poor habitat; (2) species in different functional groups show different patterns of stoichiometry and apparent nutrient limitation; and (3) non-carnivores might show evidence of employing other means of nutrient acquisition or conservation to reduce nutrient limitation.</p> <p>At Fallison Bog in northern Wisconsin, carnivorous plants (<em>Drosera rotundifolia, Sarracenia purpurea, Utricularia macrorhiza</em>) showed significantly lower leaf % C and N:P ratio, higher δ<sup>15</sup>N, and no difference from non-carnivores in leaf N, P, K, and δ<sup>13</sup>C. Sedges had significantly lower leaf % P, % C, and N:K ratio, and higher K:P ratio than non-sedges restricted to the <em>Sphagnum</em> mat, and may tap peat N via aerenchyma-facilitated peat oxidation (oxipeditrophy). Evergreen ericaceous shrubs exhibited significantly higher levels of % C and lower values of d<sup>15</sup>N than mat non-ericads. <em>Calla palustris</em> – growing in the nutrient-rich moat at the bog's upland edge – had very high values of leaf N, K, δ<sup>15</sup>N, and N:P ratio, suggesting that it may obtain nutrients from minerotrophic flows from the adjacent uplands and/or rapidly decaying peat. Stoichiometric analyses indicated that most species are N-limited. A mixing model applied to δ<sup>15</sup>N values for carnivores, non-carnivores, and insects produced an estimate of 50% of leaf N derived from prey for <em>Utricularia</em>, 42% for <em>Sarracenia</em>, and 41% for <em>Drosera</em>.</p>
Dataset for paper "Seasonal isotopic and isotopomeric signatures of nitrous oxide produced microbially in a eutrophic estuary"
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