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12 results for “keystone interaction”
Climate influence on plant–pollinator interactions in the keystone species Vaccinium myrtillus
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Background: Climate change is altering the world's ecosystems through direct effects of climate warming and precipitation changes, but also indirectly through changes in biotic interactions. For instance, climate-driven changes in plant and/or insect communities may alter plant-pollinator interactions, thereby influencing plant reproductive success and ultimately population dynamics of insect-pollinated plants.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Methods: To better understand how the importance of insect pollination for plant fruit set varies with climate, we experimentally </span><span>excluded pollinators from the partly selfing key-stone species <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em></span><span> along elevational gradients in the forest-tundra ecotone in central Norway. The study comprised three mountain areas, seven elevational gradients spanning from the climatically relatively benign birch forest to the colder alpine areas above the tree line, and 180 plots of 1 x 1 m, with experimental treatments allocated randomly to plots within sites. Within the experimental plots we counted the number of flowers of <em>V. myrtillus</em> and counted and weighted all fruits, as well as seeds for a selection of fruits.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Results: Excluding pollinators </span><span>resulted in lower fruit production, as well as reduced fruit and seed mass</span><span> of </span><em><span>Vaccinium myrtillus</span></em><span>. In the alpine sites pollinator exclusion resulted in 84 % fewer fruits, 50 % lower fruit weight and 50 % lower seed weight compared to control conditions. Contrary to our expectations, the negative effect of pollinator exclusion was less pronounced in forest compared to alpine sites, suggesting that </span><span>the importance of </span><span>insect pollination</span><span> for seed production is lower at low elevation</span><span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the keystone species <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em> is relatively robust to changes in the pollinator community in a warmer climate, thereby making it less vulnerable to climate-driven changes in plant-pollinator interactions.</span></p>
Dynamic social interactions and keystone species shape the diversity and stability of mixed-species biofilms – an example from dairy isolates - Dataset
<p>We previously reported a bacterial four-species biofilm model comprising <i>Stenotrophomonas rhizophila </i>(SR), <i>Bacillus licheniformis </i>(BL), <i>Microbacterium lacticum </i>(ML), and <i>Calidifontibacter indicus</i> (CI) that were isolated from the surface of a dairy pasteuriser after cleaning and disinfection. These bacteria produced 3.13-fold more biofilm mass compared to the sum of biofilm masses in monoculture (<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159434">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159434</a>). In a subsequent experiment we confirmed that the observed community synergy resulted from dynamic social interactions among various species pairs, encompassing commensalism, exploitation, and amensalism. <i>M. lacticum</i> appeared to be the keystone species as it increased the growth of all other species that led to the synergy in biofilm mass. Interactions among the other three species (in the absence of <i>M. lacticum</i>) also contributed towards the synergy in biofilm mass. Bacterial cell-free-supernatants were also investigated to assess the nature of the observed synergy. The first four sheets of the Excel file contain raw cell count data for the four species (SR, BL, ML, and CI), recorded every 4 h over a 24 h period on the surface of stainless steel (SS) in the presence of brain-heart-infusion (BHI) medium and skim-milk (SM). Data related to individual bacterial cell counts in various mixed-species biofilms are also presented. These biofilms were developed on SS in BHI for h. Data related to bacterial biofilm masses in different mixed-species biofilm combinations are also presented, showcasing the effect of replacing one strain with its CFS. Species written in red indicate that their CFS was used, not their viable form. </p>
Data from: Searching for keystone plant resources in fruit-frugivore interaction networks across the Neotropics
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Climate influence on plant–pollinator interactions in the keystone species Vaccinium myrtillus
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Data from: The effect of keystone individuals on collective outcomes can be mediated through interactions or behavioral persistence
Collective behavior emerges from interactions among group members who often vary in their behavior. The presence of just one or a few keystone individuals, such as leaders or tutors, may have a large effect on collective outcomes. These individuals can catalyze behavioral changes in other group members, thus altering group composition and collective behavior. The influence of keystone individuals on group function may lead to trade-offs between ecological situations, because the behavioral composition they facilitate may be suitable in one situation but not another. We use computer simulations to examine various mechanisms that allow keystone individuals to exert their influence on group members. We further discuss a trade-off between two potentially conflicting collective outcomes, cooperative prey attack and disease dynamics. Our simulations match empirical data from a social spider system and produce testable predictions for the causes and consequences of the influence of keystone individuals on group composition and collective outcomes. We find that a group's behavioral composition can be impacted by the keystone individual through changes to interaction patterns or behavioral persistence over time. Group behavioral composition and the mechanisms that drive the distribution of phenotypes influence collective outcomes and lead to trade-offs between disease dynamics and cooperative prey attack.
Figure 4 in Review of the interactions of an ecological keystone species, Aechmea distichantha Lem. (Bromeliaceae), with the associated fauna
Figure 4. Bipartite nets showing the relative proportion of interactions of Aechmea distichantha with animals registered for the different taxonomic groups classified according to the (a) use of the plant, (b) trophic level and (c) type (resource involved) of herbivory and ordered following the 'as few crossings of interactions as possible' criteria. Boxes represent the number of morphospecies, and categories and paths represent the number of interactions.
Figure 3 in Review of the interactions of an ecological keystone species, Aechmea distichantha Lem. (Bromeliaceae), with the associated fauna
Figure 3. (a) Number of animal species associated with, and (b) number of interactions established with A. distichantha. In both graphs, the records are ordered taxonomically according to Hyman (1940).
Figure 2 in Review of the interactions of an ecological keystone species, Aechmea distichantha Lem. (Bromeliaceae), with the associated fauna
Figure 2. Evolution of the number of publications from the 1960s to the present grouped in 10-year periods about interactions of Aechmea distichantha with animals in the mid-latitudes of South America.
Data from: The effect of keystone individuals on collective outcomes can be mediated through interactions or behavioral persistence
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What feeds on Quercus ilex L.? A biogeographical approach to studying trophic interactions in a Mediterranean keystone species
<p>Holm oak (<i>Quercus ilex</i> L.) is regarded as a keystone plant species. Although trophic interactions may affect the phytophagous species distribution and abundance, the number of arthropod species using holm oak as a food resource and their levels of host specificity is not yet known. Here we aim to quantify these species, their feeding strategies and conservation status, investigate the taxonomic relatedness in each trophic guild and assess their degree of host specificity with the holm oak.<span>We reviewed the existing literature and compiled information about all arthropod species that feed on <i>Q. ilex</i>, as well as their feeding strategies and conservation status. We also investigated the relationships between trophic guilds and the taxonomic relatedness of species and assessed the degree of climatic niche overlap with holm oak. We found that 605 species feed on seven different parts of the holm oak plant (<i>i.e</i>., feeding strategies). More than 90% of these species lack a conservation status assessment and eight are threatened by human activities, either as vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered. A significant phylogenetic relationship was found between taxonomic relatedness and groups of arthropods that feed on the same part of the plant (<i>i.e</i>., trophic guilds). Twenty percent of the species had similar niches, thereby indicating the potentially high host dependence of these species. </span>This study highlights the significance of a keystone tree species for arthropod conservation and the need for further research into the distribution and conservation status of arthropod species in Mediterranean holm oak woodlands.</p>
What feeds on Quercus ilex L.? A biogeographical approach to studying trophic interactions in a Mediterranean keystone species
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Figure 1 in Review of the interactions of an ecological keystone species, Aechmea distichantha Lem. (Bromeliaceae), with the associated fauna
Figure 1. Aechmea distichantha has (a) terrestrial and (b) epiphytic habits. (c) Its leaf axils are inhabited by vertebrates. (d) Pollinators visit their inflorescences and (e) some animal species construct their nests and lay their eggs protected beneath the spiny leaves in the inter-ramet space.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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