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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Kinship and Facebook

Those dataset are resulting of the Net-Rom project. There are two documents. 1. A Puck document of a kinship of a roma groupe of 1036 people between 1880 and 2020 in eastern romania.                                                                                    2. the facebook network od friends of 250 of them. all the datasets are anonimized

Fig. 8 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 8 The Acoela/Acoelomorpha in different schemes of eumetazoan relationships. a Precladistic version assuming a small planula-like worm as the ancestor of all bilaterians and with acoels as its direct descendants (after Hyman 1951). b Scheme based on morphological characters; the Acoela is part of the Acoelomorpha, which is placed within the Platyhelminthes (after Westheide and Rieger 2007). c Phylogeny according to rDNA (Wallberg et al. 2007); the Acoelomorpha

Fig. 5 a in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 5 a Image of a live specimen of Convolutriloba retrogemma reproducing asexually by budding. White arrowheads point to buds. Note the reversed polarity. b, c CLSM projections showing muscles (blue) and serotoninlike immunoreactive nervous system (red) in dorsal (b) and central (c) planes of a mature Isodiametra pulchra. White arrowheads point to neurite bundles, asterisk marks the position of the statocyst. Scale bars: a 1 mm; b and c 50 μm

Fig. 3 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 3 Image of a mature and live specimen of Isodiametra pulchra without (left) and with superimposed colors (right) to illustrate the general morphology of acoels. From top to bottom: yellow: frontal organ (fo); red: nervous system (ns); green: central syncytium (cs); cyan: testes (t); pink: ovaries (o); gray: mouth; purple: female copulatory organs (fco) composed of seminal bursa, bursal nozzle, and vestibulum (from posterior to anterior); white: chordoid vacuoles (cv); blue: false seminal vesicles and prostatoid glands (fsv); orange: male copulatory organ (cop) composed of muscular seminal vesicle and invaginated penis. Scale bar: 100 μm

Fig. 1 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 1 Images of various live acoels found in a beaker of sublittoral sand from the Indian Ocean. Animals are oriented with the anterior end to the top. Note the statocyst in all and mature oocytes in some animals. Scale bar: 200 μm

Fig. 6 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 6 Female copulatory organs in Isodiametra pulchra. a Image of female copulatory organs in a live and squeezed specimen. Note the mass of elongated and convoluted sperm in the seminal bursa (sb) that merge towards the bursal nozzle (arrowhead) and a few "heads" extending into the vestibulum (ve). Asterisk marks bursal stalk connecting the bursa with the digestive parenchyma, arrowhead points to

Fig. 4 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 4 Electron micrographs of structures with phylogenetic significance. a Statocyst of a hatchling of Isodiametra pulchra with two parietal cells (p) and a lithocyte (l). b Sperm of Convoluta niphoni (Convolutidae) with axial microtubules (white arrow) and axonemes without central microtubules (white arrowheads). c Extrusion

Fig. 2 in The Acoela: on their kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)

Fig. 2 Images of sensory structures of live Symsagittifera roscoffensis. a Hatchling. Arrowheads point to eyes, arrow to statocyst. Note absence of symbionts and presence of orange rhabdoids. b Anterior end of adult with symbionts and rhabdoids. White arrowheads point to

publicMay 2021View details →

dryad40/100

Emergence of kinship structures and descent systems: multi-level evolutionary simulation and empirical data analyses

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dryad40/100

Assessing kinship detection: Single nucleotide polymorphism array density and estimator comparison in white-tailed deer

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publicDec 2025View details →

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Data from: One panel to rule them all: DArTcap genotyping for population structure, historical demography, and kinship analyses, and its application to a threatened shark

With recent advances in sequencing technology, genomic data are changing how important conservation management decisions are made. Applications such as Close-Kin Mark-Recapture demand large amounts of data to estimate population size and structure, and their full potential can only be realised through ongoing improvements in genotyping strategies. Here we introduce DArTcap, a cost-efficient method that combines DArTseq and sequence capture, and illustrate its use in a high resolution population analysis of Glyphis garricki, a rare, poorly known and threatened euryhaline shark. Clustering analyses and spatial distribution of kin pairs from four different regions across northern Australia and one in Papua New Guinea, representing its entire known range, revealed that each region hosts at least one distinct population. Further structuring is likely within Van Diemen Gulf, the region that included the most rivers sampled, suggesting additional population structuring would be found if other rivers were sampled. Coalescent analyses and spatially explicit modelling suggest that G. garricki experienced a recent range expansion during the opening of the Gulf of Carpentaria following the conclusion of the Last Glacial Maximum. The low migration rates between neighbouring populations of a species that is found only in restricted coastal and riverine habitats show the importance of managing each population separately, including careful monitoring of local and remote anthropogenic activities that may affect their environments. Overall we demonstrated how a carefully chosen SNP panel combined with DArTcap can provide highly accurate kinship inference and also support population structure and historical demography analyses, therefore maximising cost-effectiveness.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Bonds of bros and brothers: Kinship and social bonding in post-dispersal male macaques

Group-living animals often maintain a few very close affiliative relationships – social bonds – that can buffer them against many of the inevitable costs of gregariousness. Kinship plays a central role in the development of such social bonds. The bulk of research on kin biases in sociality has focused on philopatric females, who typically live in deeply kin-structured systems, with matrilineal dominance rank inheritance and life-long familiarity between kin. Closely related males, in contrast, are usually not close in rank or familiar, which offers the opportunity to test the importance of kinship per se in the formation of social bonds. So far, however, kin biases in male social bonding have only been tested in philopatric males, where familiarity remains a confounding factor. Here, we studied bonds between male Assamese macaques, a species in which males disperse from their natal groups, and in which male bonds are known to affect fitness. Combining extensive behavioural data on 43 adult males over a 10-year period with DNA microsatellite relatedness analyses, we find that post-dispersal males form stronger relationships with the few close kin available in the group than with the average non-kin. However, males form the majority of their bonds with non-kin, and may choose non-kin over available close kin to bond with. Our results show that kinship facilitates bond formation, but is not a prerequisite for it, which suggests that strong bonds are not restricted to kin in male mammals and that animals cooperate for both direct and indirect fitness benefits.

zenodo36/100

Lebanese Kinship Terms

Lebanese Kinship Terms annotated according to the kinship paradigm in the Parabank project.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Direct fitness benefits and kinship of social foraging groups in an Old World tropical babbler

Molecular studies have revealed that social groups composed mainly of non-relatives may be widespread in group-living vertebrates, but the benefits favoring such sociality are not well understood. In the Old World, birds often form conspecific foraging groups that are maintained year-round and offspring usually disperse to other social groups. We tested the hypothesis that non-breeding group members are largely unrelated and gain direct fitness benefits through breeding opportunities (males) and brood parasitism (females) in the tropical grey-throated babbler, Stachyris nigriceps, in Malaysian Borneo. Babblers foraged in social groups containing one or more breeding pairs (median = 8 group members of equal sex ratio), but group members rarely assisted with breeding (9% of 67 breeding pairs had a third helper; exhibiting facultative cooperative breeding). Although 20% of 266 group member dyads were first-order relatives of one or both members of the breeding pairs, 80% were unrelated. Male group members gained direct fitness benefits through extra-pair and extra-group paternity (25% of 73 offspring), which was independent of their relatedness to the breeding pair and increased with decreasing group size. In contrast, females did not gain direct fitness benefits through brood parasitism. The low levels of relatedness and helping in social groups suggest that most group members do not gain indirect fitness benefits by helping to raise unrelated offspring. These findings highlight the importance of examining benefits of sociality for unrelated individuals that largely do not help and broaden the direct fitness benefits of group foraging beyond assumed survival benefits.

zenodo36/100

Simulated Ancient Genomic Kinship Dataset: BAM (5x run7-12) Files for Related (including inbred) Pairs

Simulated Ancient Genomic Kinship Dataset: VCF and BAM (5x (run7-12) Files for Related (including inbred) Pairs Description: This dataset comprises simulated pedigrees (VCF files containing 8,677,101 autosomal biallelic and 298,625 X chromosomal SNP positions) generated using Ped-sim (v1.3) and comprising pairs of diverse familial relationship types up to third-degree. The first-degree relationships are parent-offspring and siblings; the second-degree relationships are half-siblings, grandparent-grandchild, and avuncular pairs; and third-degree relationships are first cousins, great-grandparent-great-grandchild, and grand avuncular pairs. For each of these 8 relationship types, our dataset includes 48 pairs of individuals. It also contains unrelated pairs. Additionally, the dataset includes first- and second-degree relatives, with inbreeding (parent-offspring pairs where the parents of the offspring are the first cousins and grandparent-grandchild pairs where the grandchild is the offspring of first cousins). Our simulations encompass all combinations of kinship types regarding sex. The dataset was further enriched by simulating ancient DNA-like sequencing data (5x and 1x BAM files) of Ped-sim simulated individuals using the gargammel tool, employing procedures akin to standard paleogenomic sequencing libraries. Note that the BAM files contain only randomly chosen 200K autosomal SNP positions. Positions can be found in the "200K_positions" file. Details can be found in Aktürk, Mapelli and Güler et al. 2023. Data Sources and Generation: Founder genotypes for pedigree simulation were created from the Tuscany (TSI) population SNPs within the 1000 Genomes Dataset v3. Notably, the founder genotypes lack background relatedness or runs of homozygosity (ROH). Description of File Naming Conventions: The naming conventions of the BAM files in this dataset are designed to convey key information regarding the specifics of each file. cov1x or cov5x: This segment denotes the coverage level of the BAM files, indicating whether the sequencing coverage for the individuals in the files is 1x or 5x. run_*: Signifies the particular batch from which the pedigree and individuals are derived. This name segment also applies to VCF files. parent-offspring_* or similar identifiers: Reflects the origin of the individual from the corresponding VCF file. For instance, "parent-offspring_1" corresponds to the individuals present in the "run_*_parent-offspring_1.vcf" file. parent-offspring* or similar identifiers: Indicates the origin of the individual from the sets within the VCF files. For example, "parent-offspring1" signifies the first set of parent-offspring pedigrees within the VCF file. Note that parent-offspring, grandparent-grandchild, and great-grandparent-great-grandchild and the inbreeding VCFs contain only one set, so this identifier is always 1. This convention can be 1 or 2 for the rest of the pedigrees, as the VCF files contain two sets of related pairs. _g*-b*-: Provides information about the individual's generational level within the VCF. This follows the Ped-sim syntax. For example, for parent-offspring type, "_g1-b1-" indicates the first parent (generation 1) within a specific pedigree, and "_g1-b2-" indicates the second parent (generation 1) while "_g2-b1-" represents the offspring (generation 2). Example Naming Structure: For instance, the file "cov1x_run1_parent-offspring_1_parent-offspring1_g1-b1-i1.all.hs37d5.cons.90perc.trimBAM.bam" signifies a BAM file with 1x coverage, originating from "run1," containing individuals from the "run_*_parent-offspring_1.vcf" file (first set of parent-offspring pairs) where "_g1-b1-" designates the first parent in the first generation. The latter half of the name "hs37d5.cons.90perc.trimBAM.bam" is the same across all files.   Note1: Segments such as parent-offspring*_g*-b*- can also be tracked in the naming of the genotype columns in the VCF. Note2: Sexual information within the VCF files is discernible from the genetic data present at X chromosome positions. Individuals carrying two genotypes on the X chromosome are female, while those with a single genotype are male. Note3: Some of the individuals from distinct pedigrees may, in fact, be related due to shared ancestry through common founders. To suit specific research objectives, researchers may need to identify and exclude such relatives if the full dataset is used for kinship estimation. For more details about the dataset's generation process, unique characteristics, or any specific inquiries, our team is available for further information. We welcome and encourage inquiries, aiming to provide comprehensive support and additional details that might aid researchers in utilizing this dataset effectively. Please don't hesitate to contact us for any specific information you may need. This repository contains only cov5x BAM files (run7-12). The rest of the files can be found at 10.5281/zenodo.10079685 and 10.5281/zenodo.10070958.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →