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84 results for “landraces”
Criteria for prioritizing selection of Mexican maize landrace accessions for conservation in situ or ex situ based on phylogenetic analysis
<p>Data for processed SSR markers in maize accessions. A database in Structured Query Language (SQL) is provided. Please see the text file "READMEmaizeSSR.pdf".</p>
Spanish melon landraces: revealing useful diversity by genomic, morphologic, and metabolomic analysis. Supplementary data.
<p>Original data linked to the publication Spanish melon landraces: revealing useful diversity by genomic, morphologic, and metabolomic analysis. It includes, Supp. Table 1: Genomic data; Supp. Table 2: Characterization data; Supp. Table 3: sugar and acids data; Supp Table Supp. Table 4: Voaltile organic compounds data; Supp Table 5: Germplasm details; Supp. table 6: Cromatographic parameters</p>
Breeding tomato flavor: modeling consumer preferences of tomato landraces (raw data)
<p>Raw dataset associated with the publication:</p> <p><strong>Breeding tomato flavor: modeling consumer preferences of tomato landraces.</strong></p> <p>Villena, J.<sup>a</sup>, Moreno, C.<sup>a</sup>, Roselló, S.<sup>b</sup>, Beltran, J.<sup> c</sup>, Cebolla-Cornejo, J.<sup>d</sup>, Moreno, M.M.<sup>a*</sup></p> <p><em><sup>a</sup></em><em>University of Castilla-La Mancha, Higher Technical School of Agricultural Engineering in Ciudad Real, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain</em></p> <p><em><sup>b</sup></em><em>Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV ‐ Improvement of agri‐food quality. Agricultural Sciences and Natural Environment Department, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain</em></p> <p><em><sup>c </sup></em><em>Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA).</em> <em>Universitat Jaume I, Avda. </em><em>Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain</em></p> <p><em><sup>d</sup></em><em>Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV ‐ Improvement of agri‐food quality. </em><em>COMAV. Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain</em></p> <p>*Corresponding author</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>To be published in the journal Scientia horticulturae</p>
Fig. 1 in Population development of bean weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in landrace varieties of cowpeas and common beans
Fig. 1. Daily emergence (insects per dish) of (a) Callsobruchus maculatus and (b) Zabrotes subfasciatus observed in landrace varietes of cowpea and common bean, respectvely. The symbols represent the means of 4 replicates. Error bars represent the standard error. The equaton parameters are provided in Table 1.
Fig. 2 in Population development of bean weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in landrace varieties of cowpeas and common beans
Fig. 2. Means of the total emergence of adult insects of (a) Callosobruchus maculatus and (b) Zabrotes subfasciatus recorded in landrace varietes of cowpea and common bean, respectvely. Means under the same line are not significantly different, according to Tukey's test (P <0.05).
Fig. 4 in Population development of bean weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in landrace varieties of cowpeas and common beans
Fig. 4. Means of the percentage weight loss of (a) cowpea and (b) common bean. Means under the same line are not significantly different, according to Tukey's test (P <0.005).
Dataset for the publication 'Enset landrace diversity in major enset growing regions of Southern Ethiopia'
<p>Enset (<em>Ensete ventricosum</em> (Welw.) Cheesman) is a major food security crop of the Southern Ethiopian highlands, where it is cultivated on small-holder subsistence farms. Data of survey results through interviews with 375 households is presented, covering 20 communities (kebeles) and eight ethnic groups, along an altitudinal range of 1,500 to 3,000 masl across the main enset-producing belt in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 296 locally named enset landraces were recorded. For each landrace, a number of descriptive traits (as reported by farmers) are available, as is the enset landrace composition of each farm.</p> <p>This data accompanies the publication ‘Blomme G, Kearsley E, Buta S, Chala A, Kebede R, Addis T, Yemataw Z. (2023). Enset landrace diversity in major enset growing regions of Southern Ethiopia. African Crop Science Journal, 31, 279-299’.</p>
Phenotypic characterization of southeastern United States open-pollinated maize landraces
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Population structure in landrace barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the late 19th century crop failures in Fennoscandia
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Agricultural disasters and the subsequent need for supply of relief seed can be expected to influence the genetic composition of crop plant populations. The consequences of disasters and seed relief have, however, rarely been studied since specimens sampled before the events are seldomly available. A series of crop failures struck northern Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden and Finland) during the second half of the 19<sup>th</sup> century. In order to assess population genetic dynamics of landrace barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>), and consequences of crop failure and possible seed relief during this time period, we genotyped seeds from 16 historical accessions originating from two time periods spanning the period of repeated crop failure. Reliable identification of genetic structuring is highly dependent on sampling regimes and detecting fine-scale geographic or temporal differentiation requires large sample sizes. The robustness of the results under different sampling regimes was evaluated by analyzing subsets of the data and an artificially pooled dataset. The results led to the conclusion that six individuals per accession were insufficient for reliable detection of the observed genetic structure. We found that population structure among the data was best explained by collection year of accessions, rather than geographic origin. The correlation with collection year indicated a change in genetic composition of landrace barley in the area after repeated crop failures, likely a consequence of introgression of relief seed in local populations. Identical genotypes were found to be shared among some accessions, suggesting founder effects and local seed exchange along known routes for trade and cultural exchange. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Phenotypic dataset from early- and late-flowering pearl millet landraces
<p>This phenotypic database is used for phenotype-genotype association analyses in early- and late-flowering pearl millet landraces in Senegal. Data are generated from three field experiments performed in the 2016 rainy season in Senegal and in 2017 in both Niger and Senegal. In Senegal, trials were conducted at the<em> </em>Institut Sénégalais de Recherche Agricole (ISRA) field station in Bambey (14°70′N, -16°47’W). In Niger, the trial was conducted at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) field station in Sadoré (13°14′N, 2°17′E). The trials included three repetitions fully randomized. Eight and 10 individuals per accession for each repetition were sown in Niger and Senegal, respectively. Spacing between each hill was 0.9 m × 0.9 m in the Bambey trial, and 1 m × 0.8 m in the Sadoré trial. To avoid side effects, two rows of cultivated pearl millet were used to border the plots. The sowing dates were 2 August 2016, 21 July 2017 in Bambey and 17 July 2017 in Sadoré. The trials were conducted under rainfall conditions with supplementary sprinkler irrigation when necessary. The Eperon fungicide (3.88% metalaxyl-M + 64% mancozeb) was used at the seedling stage to prevent mildew attacks. Thinning was done to two plants per hill two weeks after sowing. All trials were fertilized using the micro-dosing technique (6 g NPK – 15–15–15/hill, corresponding to 93 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) applied at planting, followed by a 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> urea topdressing after thinning. A total of 9,290 plants were phenotyped for 11 traits associated with plant morphology and fitness: heading date (i.e. number of days from sowing to heading), main stem length, main stem diameter, main panicle length, main panicle diameter, main panicle weight, total seed weight and 1,000 seed weight of the main panicle, total number of tillers and total number of productive and non-productive tillers. For each repetition, the mean trait value was calculated from 6.5 individuals on average after elimination of the minimal and maximal measures.</p>
Vegetative characters of Agave landraces used for the production of pulque in Tlalcuapan, Chiautempan, Tlaxcala
<p>Raw data of 32 morphological variables of vegetative characters of three Agave landraces (N=61 individuals) used for the production of pulque in San Pedro Tlalcuapan locality of Tlaxcala state. <br> The landraces used for pulque production of Agave salmiana ´Manso’, ‘Prieto’ and ‘Amarillo’ were identified at the species and subspecies level following García-Mendoza’s (2011) and Gentry’s (1982) taxonomic keys. Thirthy two morphological variables were measured in de field during 2018. These data were used to analyze and describe the morphological and traditional diversity of these varieties.<br> </p>
Demonstration of local adaptation in maize landraces by reciprocal transplantation
<p><span><span>Populations are locally adapted when they exhibit higher fitness than foreign populations in their native habitat. Maize landrace adaptations to highland and lowland conditions are of interest to researchers and breeders. To determine the prevalence and strength of local adaptation in maize landraces, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment across an elevational gradient in Mexico. We grew 120 landraces, grouped into four populations (Mexican Highland, Mexican Lowland, South American Highland, South American Lowland), in Mexican highland and lowland common gardens and collected phenotypes relevant to fitness and known highland-adaptive traits such as anthocyanin pigmentation and macrohair density. 67k DArTseq markers were generated from field specimens to allow comparison between phenotypic patterns and population genetic structure.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>We found phenotypic patterns consistent with local adaptation, though these patterns differ between the Mexican and South American populations. Quantitative trait differentiation (Q<sub>ST</sub>) was greater than neutral allele frequency differentiation (F<sub>ST</sub>) for many traits, signaling directional selection between pairs of populations. All populations exhibited higher fitness metric values when grown at their native elevation, and Mexican landraces had higher fitness than South American landraces when grown in these Mexican sites. As environmental distance between landraces' native collection sites and common garden sites increased, fitness values dropped, suggesting landraces are adapted to environmental conditions at their natal sites. Correlations between fitness and anthocyanin pigmentation and macrohair traits are stronger in the highland site than the lowland site, supporting their status as highland-adaptive. These results give substance to the long-held presumption of local adaptation of New World maize landraces to elevation and other environmental variables across North and South America.</span></span></p>
Characterization data for the EtNAM population and Ethiopian durum wheat landraces diversity panel
<p>In smallholder, low-input farming systems diffused in the Global South, farmers select and propagate crop varieties based on their traditional knowledge and experience. A quantitative integration of their knowledge into breeding pipelines may support the sustainable intensification of local farming. This data entry combines genomics with socioeconomics to tap into traditional knowledge in smallholder farming systems, focusing on durum wheat (<em>Triticum durum </em>Desf.). Data refer to a large nested association mapping (EtNAM) population that we developed by recombining elite international breeding line with Ethiopian traditional varieties maintained by local farmers. This entry carries also molecular and phenotypic data produced on a diversity panel (DP) of Ethiopian landraces previously characterized in four year-location combinations and published in Mengistu et al 2016 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12538">https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12538</a>). </p> <p>EtNAM lines and DP genotypes were evaluated for agronomic performances and farmers' appreciation in multiple locations, reveailing that gender and location can influence farmers' preference and that women and men farmers can consistently identify the best durum wheat genotypes. We used this data to train a genomic selection (GS) model with farmer scores to show that their prediction accuracy over grain yield was higher than that of the benchmark GS model trained on grain yield. The data was also used in a genome wide association mapping (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to identify genetic determinants of agronomic traits and farmer scores. Our data shows that farmers' traditional knowledge can be integrated in a quantitative framework to increase genetic gain in pre-breeding programs, supporting genomics-driven breeding for local adaptation.</p> <p>The Rdata files contain phenotypic and molecular characterization data for 1,200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) deriving from the EtNAM and phenotypic and molecular characterization data for 400 durum wheat genotypes in the Ethiopian DP.</p>
Genome-wide comparison reveals large structural variants in the cassava landraces Authors
<p><span>Structural variants (SVs) are critical for plant genomic diversity and phenotypic variation. This study investigates a large, 9.7 Mbp highly repetitive segment on chromosome 12 of <em><span>TMEB117</span></em>, a region not previously characterized in cassava. We aim to explore its presence and variability across multiple cassava landraces, providing insights into its genomic significance and potential implications.</span></p>
Genotype data of Philippine native pigs, Duroc, Landrace, Large White and Berkshire, using 20 ISAG-FAO recommended microsatellite markers
<p>Microsatellite genotyping is a cost-effective method for the genetic diversity analysis of under-studied populations, such as the Philippine native pigs. We genotyped <em>n</em> = 196 pigs representing 7 Philippine native pig populations (<em>n </em>= 20 to 27 for each population) and 4 commercial transboundary breeds (<em>n</em> = 9 to 11 for each population). Twenty microsatellite markers, recommended by the International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG)-FAO, were used to generate the dataset for population analysis (S0005, S0155, S0026, S0355, Sw830, Sw2410, Swr1941, Sw632, Sw24, S0228, Sw936, S0097, Sw857, Sw122, Sw2406, IGF1, Sw240, S0090, S0226, Sw72). S0218 was used as a sex marker (data not shown). All loci, except Sw24, did not deviate from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. Each marker showed an average <em>PIC </em>of 0.779. A total of 260 alleles of length 86 to 272 bp were obtained. Using this dataset, we determined population structure and conservation priorities in the Philippine native pigs. This dataset contains both the raw files (.fsa) and the processed file (.txt). This dataset can be used by colleagues to increase their research coverage and achieve multi-population and multi-country comparisons, especially among Asian indigenous pigs.</p>
Data from: Genome-wide diversity in lowland and highland maize landraces from southern South America: Population genetics insights to assist conservation
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A gap analysis modeling framework to prioritize collecting for ex situ conservation of crop landraces
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Genotype data of Philippine native pigs, Duroc, Landrace, Large White and Berkshire, using 20 ISAG-FAO recommended microsatellite markers
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Demonstration of local adaptation in maize landraces by reciprocal transplantation
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Population structure in landrace barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the late 19th century crop failures in Fennoscandia
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