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Figure 7 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 7: Rhytidhysteron bruguierae. (A–C) Appearance of hysterothecia on host. (D, E) Vertical section through hysteriothecium. (F, G) Cells of peridium. (H, I) Pseudoparaphyses, asci, and ascospores. (I) Stained with lactophenol cotton blue. (J–O) Ascospores. Scale bars: (A) = 1 mm, (B–E) = 200 μm, (F–I) = 50 μm, (J–O) = 5 μm.

Figure 6 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 6: Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on combined LSU, ITS, and act1 sequence data representing Sarocladiaceae (Hypocreales). Thirty-seven strains are included in the combined analyses which comprised 1753 characters (504 characters for LSU, 478 characters for ITS, 771 characters for act1) after alignment. Acremonium variecolor strains CBS 130360 and FMR 11141 in Bionectriaceae (Hypocreales) were used as the outgroup taxa. The best scoring RAxML tree with a final likelihood value of −8526.836 is presented. The matrix had 435 distinct alignment patterns, 356 parsimony-informative, 73 singleton sites, and 1332 constant sites. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.216, C = 0.298, G = 0.265, T = 0.221; substitution rates: AC = 2.09479, AG = 3.08268, AT = 2.09479, CG = 1.00000, CT = 10.05849, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α = 0.574. Bootstrap support values for ML equal to or greater than 75 % are given above the nodes (left side). Bayesian posterior probabilities (BYPP) equal to or greater than 0.95 are given above the nodes (right side). Ex-type strains are in bold and newly generated sequences are in blue.

Figure 5 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 5: Colony of Remispora submersa (MUM 20.48) in malt extract agar (MEA) for 7 days at 25 °C: (A) obverse, (B) reverse.

Figure 8 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 8: Savoryella sarushimana. (A–C) Holoblastic conidiogenous cells. (D–J) Variously shaped conidia. Note the proliferating conidia in (D, H). Scale bar = 10 μm.

Figure 3 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 3: Randomized axelerated maximum likelihood (RAxML) phylogenetic tree based on a combined analysis of the 28S and 18S rRNA sequence data. Bootstrap support values for ML (>70 %) are given above each branch. The newly transferred isolate is shown in blue. The tree is rooted to Ceratocystis adiposa CCFC212707.

Figure 4 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 4: Monosporascus cannonballus. (A) Oil globules realised from squashed ascospore. (B) Ascus with single globose ascospore. (C) Thick-walled ascospore. (D) Ascus with three globose ascospores. (E, F) Released ascospores around the projecting neck of the ascoma. Scale bars: (A–D) = 20 μm, (E–F) = 300 μm.

Figure 2 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 2: Microascus cinereus. (A–I) Asci. (J–N, P) Ascospores. (O, Q, R) Anamorphic Scopulariopsis cinerea of Microascus cinereus. Scale bars: (A–D, K, M, P–Q) = 20 μm, (E–J, L, N–O, R) = 10 μm.

Figure 1 in Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi

Figure 1: Microascus trigonosporus. (A–E) Perithecia with spore cirrus. (F) Young ascus. (G, H, O) Mature asci. (I–L) Ascospores. (M, N) Anamorphic Scopulariopsis trigonosporus of Microascus trigonosporus. Scale bars: (A–E) = 100 μm, (G, H, O) = 20 μm, (F, I–N) = 10 μm.

Figure 3 in Culturable fungi associated with the marine shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus at Kueishan Island, Taiwan

Figure 3: Taxonomic classification of all fungi reported (by this study and previously published work) on the crab XenograpsUs testUdinatUs.

Figure 1 in A conspectus of the filamentous marine fungi of Sweden

Figure 1: Amylocarpus encephaloides. (A–B) Ascomata on the surface of wood. Scale bars = 500 µm. (C) Section of ascoma with centrum with ascospores. Scale bar = 130 µm. (D–E) Higher magnification of the ascoma wall. Scale bars = 30 µm (D) 20 µm (E). (F–I) Ascospores with radiating appendages. Rehydrated herbarium material (Santesson No. 11392, collected in 1956). Scale bars = 10 µm.

Figure 2 in Culturable fungi associated with the marine shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus at Kueishan Island, Taiwan

Figure 2: Taxonomic classification of the fungi isolated from the carapace of the crab XenograpsUs testUdinatUs collected in the hydrothermal vent area of Kueishan Island, Taiwan.

Figure 2 in A conspectus of the filamentous marine fungi of Sweden

Figure 2: Marine fungi of Sweden. (A) Remispora cucullata; (B) Corollospora angusta; (C) Corollospora filiformis; (D) Ocostaspora apilongissima; (E) Lulwoana uniseptata; (F) Argentinomyces sp.; (G) Remispora maritima; (H) Havispora longyearbyenensis; (I) Lautisporopsis circumvestita; (J) Remispora pilleata. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Figure 1 in Culturable fungi associated with the marine shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus at Kueishan Island, Taiwan

Figure 1: (A) Location of Kueishan Island (box) at the northeastern end of the main Taiwan Island. (B) Kueishan Island showing the vent and sampling locations. (C) XenograpsUs testUdinatUs, the hydrothermal vent crab.

Figure 4 in Culturable fungi associated with the marine shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus at Kueishan Island, Taiwan

Figure 4: Comparison of fungal diversity on the vent crab XenograpsUs testUdinatUs, in yellow sediment (with sulfur granules) and in black sediment (with no sulfur granules) collected in the hydrothermal vent area of Kueishan Island, Taiwan.

Figure 2 in Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi

Figure 2: Shotgun sequencing data sourced from MG-RAST and manually binned into various oceanographic regions of the world. (Top) Relative abundances (using annotation e-value of 10−8) of fungal genera. Numbers across the top of histogram bars denote the number of datasets used in the analysis. Numbers at top of histogram do not match the total number of databases analyzed, as many samples had no fungal sequences remaining after subsampling. GOM is Gulf of Mexico. (Bottom left) Rarefaction curves showing the number of fungal genera detected as a function of the number of fungal sequences analyzed before database normalization. (Bottom right) Genera-based non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) spatial analysis with indicator taxa displayed, illustrating overlapping, similar fungal communities.

Figure 4 in Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi

Figure 4: Shotgun sequencing data analyzed from metagenomic rapid annotations using subsystems technology (MG-RAST) of deposited datasets plotting richness and diversity as a function of latitude. Red colors depict open ocean samples. Black colors depict coastal samples.

Figure 3 in Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi

Figure 3: 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing of global high-throughput sequencing datasets. Number at top of histogram indicates the number of samples used in this analysis. Numbers at top of histogram do not match the total number of databases analyzed, as many samples had no fungal sequences remaining after subsampling. (Top) Histogram of lowestlevel classification of marine fungal taxa using SILVA-classified datasets from various regions of the world. (Bottom left) Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) spatial analysis of normalized sequencing datasets displaying color-coded sites with embedded colors representing sites from deeper (>35 m) and shallower depths. (Bottom right) Rarefaction curves showing the number of fungal genera detected as a function of the number of fungal sequences analyzed before database normalization.

Figure 1 in Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi

Figure 1: Global map displaying high-throughput sequencing data sampling sites in red that were used in this review for analysis. Some points represent multiple datasets.

opencc-zeroMar 2020View details →

FIG. 14 in Modern taxonomic approaches to identifying diatrypaceous fungi from marine habitats, with a novel genus Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov.

FIG. 14. — Halocryptovalsa salicorniae Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, sp. nov. (MFLU 16-0551 – holotype): A, host (Salicornia sp.); B, C, appearance of ascostromata on host; D, horizontal section through ascostroma; E, section through neck region; F, peridium; G, H, asci; I, asci with paraphyses; J-M, ascospores; N, germinating ascospores; O, P, culture on PDA (O-upper, P-lower). Scale bars: B, 500 µm; D-F, 100 μm; G-I, 50 μm; J-N, 5 μm.