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25 results for “metal toxicity”
Laboratory toxicity incubation experiments on phytoplankton using trace metals (Cu, Cd, Zn)
<p>This data compilation contains previously published toxicity threshold concentrations of copper, cadmium and zinc for different phytoplankton, as determined by incubation experiments. The data was recalculated to nmol/L for consistency, assuming the following molar masses of copper, cadmium and zinc as 63.546, 112.411 and 65.380 g/mol, respectively, and salinity as 1.025 kg/L. The growth medium is included in the dataset, as well as the environment where the phytoplankton in question may commonly occur (open or coastal ocean). </p>
Potentially toxic trace metal (Cu, Cd) threshold concentrations for phytoplankton at given open and coastal locations
<p>This data compilation contains previously published threshold concentrations of copper and cadmium of phytoplankton in open and coastal oceans. The data was recalculated to nmol/L for consistency, assuming the following molar masses of copper and cadmium as 63.546 and 112.411, respectively, and salinity as 1.025 kg/L. The temperature and salinity provided by the authors were also included, in case there is a desire for future users to utilise different conversion methods to recalculate original data. Only data with information on whether the authors measured the trace metal concentrations in open or coastal marine environments were included, along with the name of the phytoplankton. The oceans were divided into geographical sections, namely the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean, and subsequently further subdivided according to the information authors have given in their publications. In this context, several chemically diverse seas were included in geographical regions in order to limit the number of broad ocean regimes. Chemically diverse sub-regimens were, however, considered within each geographical grouping.</p>
Supplementary material for "Increased sensitivity of marine invertebrates to metal toxicity in the past two decades linked to Climate Change and Ocean Acidification: revelations from a natural population of sea urchins in the Mediterranean Sea." by "Davide Sartori, Guido Scatena, Cristina Vrinceanu, Andrea Gaion".
<p>Satellite observations of environmental factors and effect concentration 50 for copper to sea urchin, from 2003 to 2022.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Assessment of potentially toxic metals in water, sediment, and the tissues of seven important fish species from neotropical brazilian river
FIGURE 1 | Location of the study area in the Sorocaba River drainage, São Paulo State, Brazil, indicating the Sorocaba river, the fish collection points, in addition to the urban area and areas of contamination.
Data from: Hitting reset on sediment toxicity: Sediment homogenization alters the toxicity of metal‐amended sediments
<p>Laboratory testing of sediments frequently involves manipulation by amendment with contaminants and homogenization, which changes the physicochemical structure of sediments. These changes can influence the bioavailability of divalent metals, and field and mesocosm experiments have shown that laboratory-derived thresholds are often overly conservative. We assessed the mechanisms that lead to divergence between laboratory- and field-derived thresholds; specifically, we assessed the importance of slow equilibration to solid-phase ligands and vertical stratification. To mimic natural physicochemical conditions, we uniquely aged sediment with a flow-through exposure system. These sediments were then homogenized and compared, toxicologically, with freshly metal-amended sediments in a 28-d chronic toxicity bioassay with the amphipod <em>Hyalella azteca</em>. We assessed concentration–response relationships for 3 metals (copper, nickel, and zinc) and 5 geochemically distinct sediments. We observed minimal differences in growth and survival of <em>H. azteca</em> between aged and freshly spiked sediments across all sediments and metals. These trends suggest that a loss of toxicity observed during long-term sediment aging is reversed after sediment homogenization. By comparison with mesocosm experiments, we demonstrate that homogenizing sediment immediately before toxicity assays may produce artificially high toxicity thresholds. We suggest that toxicity assays with sediments that maintain vertical redox gradients are needed to generate field-relevant sediment metal toxicity thresholds.</p>
Data from: Global soil pollution by toxic metals threatens agriculture and human health
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Processes at the soil-root interface determine the different responses of nutrient limitation and metal toxicity in forbs and grasses to nitrogen enrichment
<ol> <li>Nutrient limitation and metal toxicity have been implicated in changes of grassland communities by nitrogen (N) deposition. Belowground processes, especially those at the soil-root interface, play important roles in determining variation in nutrient concentrations in plants. However, few studies have specifically focused on the roles of these processes in mineral-element acquisition in grassland plants in response to N enrichment.</li> <li>Here we investigated the contributions of belowground processes at the soil-root interface to the differential acquisition of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn) by forbs and grasses of a temperate steppe in response to N addition by combining field and glasshouse experiments.</li> <li>Nitrogen addition increased the concentrations of both leaf P ([P]) and Mn ([Mn]) and decreased leaf [Ca] of forbs, while it had little effects on leaf concentrations of these elements in grasses. Nitrogen addition led to a higher activity of acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere of forb, and greater release of protons and carboxylates from forb roots than grass roots, contributing to the differential [P], [Ca] and [Mn] in leaves of forbs and grasses. Applying oxalate to soil to simulate the release of carboxylates by N enrichment enhanced [P] and [Mn], and decreased [Ca] in the soil solution. However, addition of hydrogen-ion increased [P], [Mn] and [Ca] in the soil solution. Lime addition mitigated the N addition-induced soil acidification, while it did not abolish the stimulatory effect of short-term N addition on leaf [P] and [Mn] of forbs. Therefore, we conclude that differences in the ecophysiological processes at the soil-root interface account for changes in leaf [P], [Ca] and [Mn] under short-term N addition, and that soil acidification aggravates the responses of these elements, especially [Ca] and [Mn], to long-term N enrichment.</li> <li><span>Synthesis: Our results highlight the contribution of belowground processes, especially those at the soil-root interface, to variation in plant element concentrations between dominant forbs and grasses in the temperate steppe. These findings greatly enhance our mechanistic understanding of the effects of N deposition on grassland communities.</span></li> </ol>
Data from: Personality and plasticity in neophobia levels vary with anthropogenic disturbance but not toxic metal exposure in urban great tits: urban disturbance, metal pollution and neophobia
Animal personalities, as defined by repeatable among individual differences in behavior, can vary across urbanization gradients. However, how urbanization affects personalities remains incompletely understood, especially because different urban stressors could affect personality traits in opposing ways, whereas most previous studies have considered only one urban disturbance factor. For instance, novel habitat features could favor reduced neophobia, whereas exposure to pollutants could increase risk sensitivity through neurotoxic or hormonal effects. To address this contingency, we studied object neophobia in four urban populations of great tits (Parus major) that vary in exposure to metal pollution and anthropogenic disturbance, as quantified by proximity to roads and pathways. We measured the return latency of incubating females when flushed from the nest and presented with up to two different novel objects, allowing quantification of behavioral repeatability and plasticity. To separate neophobia from sensitivity to disturbance, we also conducted baseline trials, in which females were flushed but no object was presented. We additionally measured exploration behavior and aggression (hissing) during nest defense, to explore whether suites of behaviors covary with urbanization, and examined whether neophobia affects reproductive success. Sensitivity to disturbance and neophobia were repeatable, and thus represent personality traits. Moreover, females occupying territories near roads and pathways had shorter return latencies during novel object but not baseline trials, suggesting a specific reduction in neophobia in disturbed areas. Plasticity in neophobia also increased with disturbance level. In contrast, metal exposure did not affect neophobia or sensitivity to disturbance, despite negatively correlating with exploration behavior. Neophobia correlated with exploration behavior, but not aggression or reproductive success. Results suggest that shifts in personality types in urbanized areas might involve specific reductions in neophobia, rather than general reductions in sensitivity to disturbance, and unexpectedly indicate no effect of toxic metals on risk sensitivity.
Role of the Toxic Metal Cadmium in the Mechanism Producing Infertility With a Varicocele
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00044369. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Data from: Personality and plasticity in neophobia levels vary with anthropogenic disturbance but not toxic metal exposure in urban great tits: urban disturbance, metal pollution and neophobia
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Processes at the soil-root interface determine the different responses of nutrient limitation and metal toxicity in forbs and grasses to nitrogen enrichment
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Data from: Social evolution of toxic metal bioremediation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Bacteria are often iron-limited, and hence produce extracellular iron-scavenging siderophores. A crucial feature of siderophore production is that it can be an altruistic behaviour (individually costly but benefitting neighbouring cells), thus siderophore producers can be invaded by non-producing social 'cheats'. Recent studies have shown that siderophores can also bind other heavy metals (such as Cu and Zn), but in this case siderophore chelation actually reduces metal uptake by bacteria. These complexes reduce heavy metal toxicity, hence siderophore production may contribute to toxic metal bioremediation. Here, we show that siderophore production in the context of bioremediation is also an altruistic trait and can be exploited by cheating phenotypes in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Specifically, we show that in toxic copper concentrations (i) siderophore non-producers evolve de novo and reach high frequencies, and (ii) producing strains are fitter than isogenic non-producing strains in monoculture, and vice versa in co-culture. Moreover, we show that the evolutionary effect copper has on reducing siderophore production is greater than the reduction observed under iron-limited conditions. We discuss the relevance of these results to the evolution of siderophore production in natural communities and heavy metal bioremediation.
Supplementary material 1 from: Scheffer G, Rattray J, Kingston A, Li C, Ardakani OH, Hubert CR.J (2023) The provenance of microorganisms adapted to extreme salinity, extreme temperature, and toxic metals within the Montney shale formation. ARPHA Conference Abstracts 6: e108166. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.6.e108166
Table S1: Measurements of arsenic, cadmium and mercury within various Montney formation samples.
Data from: Social evolution of toxic metal bioremediation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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The Mitochondrial RNA Granule is Necessary for Parkinsonism-Associated Metal Toxicity
GEO Series GSE192392. Homo sapiens. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Epigenetic Dysregulation of H19/IGF2 in Hepatic Cells Exposed to Toxic Metal Mixtures In Vitro [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE280026. Homo sapiens. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Protein Fe-S centers as a molecular target of toxicity of a complex transition metal oxide nanomaterial with downstream impacts on metabolism and growth
GEO Series GSE161036. Chironomus riparius. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Epigenetic Dysregulation of H19/IGF2 in Hepatic Cells Exposed to Toxic Metal Mixtures In Vitro [Bisulfite-seq]
GEO Series GSE280025. Homo sapiens. 42 samples. Type: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Root avoidance of toxic metals requires the GeBP-LIKE 4 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana.
GEO Series GSE90701. Arabidopsis thaliana. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
The Exploratory Study About the Effect of Using Double Filtration Plasmapheresis (DFPP) Removing Inflammatory Cytokines, Lipids and Toxic Metal Ions in Peripheral Blood in Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06224296. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.