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14 results for “microbial mats”
Macrophyte and microbial mat biomass co-variation along a hydrologic gradient and response to a removal experiment in temporary wetlands Everglades, FL, USA, February 2003 – November 2006
This data package encompasses hydrologic variables, soil depth, hydrologically-regulated macrophyte community types, macrophyte biomass and community structure, and microbial mat biomass that was collected in two observational surveys and one in-situ experimental manipulation in six temporary wetland regions located in the Everglades, FL, USA. The goal of this project was to examine the co-variation in macrophyte and microbial mat biomass along the hydrologic gradient present across wetland regions and to determine the type and strength of interactions occurring between the two communities, which was tested using a biomass (macrophyte or microbial mat) removal experiment. The census observational survey took place at 140 sites from 2003-04-09 to 2004-05-26, which were randomly distributed across the hydrologic gradient present across the six temporary wetland regions. The transect observational survey occurred along six transects and each was deliberately established along the present hydrologic gradient within each region; a total of 254 sites were sampled from 2003-02-19 to 2005-03-04. The experiment took place at three temporary wetland sites with contrasting hydroperiods (3 – 6 months), and four transects were established per site with 24 pairs of control and treatment plots per transect. The removal treatment occurred one year before data collection, and data collection occurred from 2004-06-20 to 2006-11-25. The package includes six datasets, one R code file, and two shape files associated with the R code. Data collection for all datasets is complete. FCE1274_Census_Survey includes hydrologically-regulated macrophyte community type classifications, macrophyte biomass, microbial mat ash-free dry mass, mean soil depth, water depth, mean annual hydroperiod, and vegetation-inferred hydroperiod; each site was sampled once during the survey period and a subset of sites were sampled each year. FCE1274_Transect_Survey includes macrophyte community type classifications
Spectral and biological characteristics of microbial mats and mosses across Fryxell Basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica (2018-2019)
An intensive field campaign was conducted during the 2018-2019 austral summer to assess spectral and biological characteristics of multiple microbial mat types, as well as mosses, across nine ephemeral glacial meltwater streams in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley, located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. In addition to biological sample collection, hyperspectral visible/near-infrared (VNIR) measurements were conducted using an ASD FieldSpec4 spectrometer, corrected and averaged across each mat, moss, and soil type, and downsampled to the multispectral resolution of the WorldView-2 satellite. This package contains a detailed sample archive, associated images, biological characteristics that include ash free dry mass (AFDM), chlorophyll-a, and pigment concentrations, as well as hyperspectral and multispectral reflectance spectra.
Metagenomics of a pustular microbial mat from Shark Bay, Australia: Raw sequences and assembled MAGs
<p>This data accompanies the paper, "<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43705-022-00128-1">Metagenomic, (bio)chemical, and microscopic analyses reveal the potential for the cycling of sulfated EPS in Shark Bay pustular mats</a>" which looks at the cycling of sulfated polysaccharides in peritidal pustular mats from Shark Bay, Australia. The microbial community was sequenced, assembled, and binned. The raw sequencing reads used in this analysis are the following:</p> <ul> <li>SB_forward_paired_copy.fastq.gz </li> <li>SB_reverse_paired_copy.fastq.gz </li> </ul> <p>The resulting metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) are presented in the following folder:</p> <ul> <li>MAGs.zip</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <p> </p>
Biophysicochemical properties, pigment concentrations, and nif gene counts of microbial mats and soils from Taylor and Beacon Valleys, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2019-2020)
This data package includes biophysicochemical properties, pigment concentrations, and nif gene counts from microbial mat and soil samples collected from the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica during the 2019-20 austral summer. Specifically, data include physicochemical properties of the collected soils (gravimetric water content, pH, electrical conductivity, inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorous, sulfate, chloride, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen), biological properties of the microbial mats (ash-free dry mass and pigment concentrations – scytonemin, scytonemin-red, myxoxanthophyll, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, echinenone), and nif gene counts (overall nif and nifH) of the soils and microbial mats. These data were collected to infer the functioning and nitrogen cycling abilities of microbial mat and soil communities from areas of differing landscape histories and geochemical legacies (Ross and Taylor tills in the Taylor Valley, and Beacon Cirque in Beacon Valley).
Distribution models of microbial mats and mosses across Fryxell Basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica (2018-2019)
Long-term ecological field surveys from the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program (MCM LTER) have documented the abundance and diversity of microbial mat types across ephemeral glacial meltwater streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. However, field surveys are limited and are incapable of being performed across the entirety of streams within a field season. Therefore, we used remote sensing to examine the distribution of these diverse communities across streams in order to determine whether large scale distribution patterns are similar to those the MCM LTER has already thoroughly studied in situ. As part of our 2018-2019 field campaign, we established two to three 20 x 20 m plots within five different streams (Bowles Creek, McKnight Creek, a relict channel, Canada Stream, and Crescent Stream) in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. We performed point transect and quadrat field surveys of microbial mat and moss cover within each 20 x 20 m plot. We then used hyperspectral measurements of mat and moss collected in the field, previously archived in “Spectral and biological characteristics of microbial mats and mosses across Fryxell Basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica (2018-2019),” in linear spectral mixing models to determine mat and moss coverage in the same 20 x 20 m plots within an atmospherically corrected WorldView-2 satellite image from Dec. 12, 2018. We ground truthed our modeled mat and moss abundances with our field survey coverages and determined the limitations of our methods. We then modeled mat and moss coverage across Huey Creek and Von Guerard Stream to apply our methods to streams without ground truthing measurements. Our results demonstrate the spatial distribution of moss and black, orange, red, and green microbial mat across Fryxell Basin streams. Observations of mat and moss coverage at the basin-wide scale are similar to those seen in localized stream areas.
Algal microbial mat biomass measurements from the McMurdo Dry Valleys and Cape Royds, Antarctica (1994-2025, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This dataset contains microbial biomass concentrations found in algal mats located in streams throughout the McMurdo Dry Valleys as well as in ponds of the nearby Cape Royds. Microbial mat biomass has been collected as part of the McMurdo LTER since the 1993-1994 field season and measured as ash-free dry mass (AFDM) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a).
Biomass, stoichiometry, and isotopic signatures of stream microbial mats, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2012-2013)
We conducted a field survey to quantify the biomass (chlorophyll-a and ash-free dry mass), nutrient ratios (molar C:N:P), and isotopic signatures (δ13C and δ15N) of four microbial mat types (green, orange, black, and red) in the glacial meltwater streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. All samples were taken from late December to late January during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 austral summers, and included sites from Taylor, Miers, Garwood, and Wright valleys. Most collection sites were located at the lake outlet of streams, but for a subset (e.g. Delta, Von Guerard, Onyx, Miers, and Canada) more than one sample site is included per stream system.
McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER: Microbial mat biomass and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values from Lake Fryxell Basin, Antarctica, January 2018
This package contains data collected from microbial mat surveys (i.e., percent cover, ash-free dry mass (AFDM), and pigment concentrations – chlorophyll-a, scytonemin, and carotenoids) associated with satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values from the Lake Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley, located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare key microbial mat characteristics to NDVI. Data were collected at seven plot locations within the Canada Glacier Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) near Canada Stream, as well as alongside Green Creek and McKnight Creek. NDVI values were derived from a WorldView-2 multispectral satellite image taken of the Lake Fryxell Basin on January 19, 2018, while biological ground surveying and sampling were conducted during the 2nd and 4th weeks of January 2018.
Data from: Diverse communities of bacteria and archaea flourished in Palaeoarchaean (3.5-3.3 Ga) microbial mats
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Limited taxonomic classification is possible for Archaean microbial mats and this is a fundamental limitation in constraining early ecosystems. Applying Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a powerful tool for identifying vibrational motions attributable to specific functional groups, we characterised fossilised biopolymers in 3.5-3.3 Ga microbial mats from the Barberton greenstone belt (South Africa). Microbial mats from four Palaeoarchaean horizons exhibit significant differences in taxonomically informative aliphatic contents, despite high aromaticity. This reflects precursor biological heterogeneity since all horizons show equally exceptional preservation and underwent similar grades of metamorphism. Low methylene to end-methyl (CH<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>3</sub>) absorbance ratios in mats from the 3.472 Ga Middle Marker horizon signify short, highly branched <i>n</i>-alkanes interpreted as isoprenoid chains forming archaeal membranes. Mats from the 3.45 Ga Hooggenoeg Chert H5c, 3.334 Ga Footbridge Chert, and 3.33 Ga Josefsdal Chert exhibit higher CH<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>3</sub>ratios suggesting longer, unbranched fatty acids from bacterial lipid precursors. Absorbance ratios of end-methyl to methylene (CH<sub>3</sub>/CH<sub>2</sub>) in Hooggenoeg, Josefsdal and Footbridge mats yield a range of values (0.20-0.80) suggesting mixed bacterial and archaeal architect communities based on comparison with modern examples. Higher (0.78-1.25) CH<sub>3</sub>/CH<sub>2</sub> ratios in the Middle Marker mats identify Archaea. This exceptional preservation reflects early, rapid silicification preventing the alteration of biogeochemical signals inherited from biomass. Since silicification commenced during the lifetime of the microbial mat, FTIR signals estimate the affinities of the architect community and may be used in the reconstruction of Archaean ecosystems. Together, these results show that Bacteria and Archaea flourished together in Earth's earliest ecosystems.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
SSU rRNA Gene Analysis of the Environmental and Biological Influences on Carbonate Precipitation within Hot Spring Microbial Mats in Little Hot Creek, CA
<p>R Markdown notebook and all data required to recreate the 16S rRNA Gene analysis figures found in Wilmeth et. al (In Submission), including mapping files, BIOM files, and R markdown notebook. </p>
Data from: Diverse communities of bacteria and archaea flourished in Palaeoarchaean (3.5-3.3 Ga) microbial mats
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McMurdo Dry Valleys Microbial mat biomass, isotopes, and nutrient ratios sampled over a longitudinal gradient of two McMurdo Dry Valley streams
We performed a field survey to assess changes in biomass, nutrient ratios, and isotopic signatures of three different microbial mat types in two glacial meltwater streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Samples were taken in January 2013 from pre-existing transects over Von Guerard Stream and the Relict Channel, and stretched from near the Von Guerard Glacier terminus to the stream outlets at Lake Fryxell. In addition to the three microbial mat types, which included Nostoc (black), Chlorophyte (green), and Oscillatorean (orange) mats, particulate organic matter (POM) was collected from Von Guerard Stream in January 2008 over a full diel cycle in order to determine the origin of material in transport by comparing its elemental and isotopic characteristics with stream mats.
Metagenomics binning and annotation dataset of Elkhorn Slough microbial mats
<p>Supplemental sequencing and annotation data for metagenomics binning and annotation dataset of Elkhorn Slough microbial mats. </p> <p>Mats.Combined.Annotations.IP.GN.RS.IMG.PA.SE.KO.zip : Zipped annotation file of MG-RAST annotations from 3 combined metagenomic binning datasets. Annotations are pulled from Interpro, GenBank, RefSeq, IMG, PATRIC, SEED, and KEGG.</p> <p>k63.seq.zip : Scaffold and Prodigal called ORFs of the k63 co-assembly</p> <p>k45.seq.zip : Scaffold and Prodigal called ORFs of the k45 co-assembly</p> <p>k29.seq.zip : Scaffold and Prodigal called ORFs of the k29 co-assembly</p> <p>binning.zip: Scaffold coverage and annotations used for binning</p>
Data from: Microbial life in a fjord: metagenomic analysis of a microbial mat in Chilean Patagonia
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