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29 results for “mode scaling”
Centre frequencies and uncertainties for "Evidence for a kilometre-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes"
<p>A table containing the centre frequencies and uncertainties used for the study presented in "Evidence for a kilometre-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes". This table is the same as is contained in the supplementary materials of that paper.</p> <p>Russell, S., Irving, J. C. E., Jagt, L., & Cottaar, S. (2023). Evidence for a kilometer-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL105684. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105684">https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105684</a></p>
A mixed mode cohesive model for FRP laminates incorporating large scale bridging behaviour - Datasets
<p>This data upload includes the experimental results from delaminating FRP-laminates. The experiment consists of DCB specimens where the beam ends are loaded with bending moments. A set-up of LVDTs and a clip-on extensometer are used to calculate the normal and tangential opening displacements at the crack-end.</p> <ul> <li>The test specimens are described in the file "CHO test matrix 130405B.xlsx"</li> <li>The load-displacement data for all specimens are given in the folder "DCB UBM - Experimental results.zip"</li> <li>Acoustic emission recording from the tests are given in the folder "DCB UBM - Acoustic Emission.zip"</li> <li>A set of images for each specimen during testing is given in the folder "DCB Images.zip"</li> </ul> <p>This test series is examined and described in the following peer reviewed papers:</p> <p>R.K. Joki, F. Grytten, B. Hayman, B.F. Sørensen, <em>A mixed mode cohesive model for FRP laminates incorporating large scale bridging behaviour</em>, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 239, November 2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107274">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107274</a></p> <p>R.K. Joki, F. Grytten, B. Hayman, B.F. Sørensen, <em>Determination of a cohesive law for delamination modelling – Accounting for variation in crack opening and stress state across the test specimen width</em>, Composites Science and Technology, 128, 18 May 2016, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.01.026">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.01.026</a></p>
Accompanying data for the paper "Two-scale concurrent simulations for crack propagation using FEM-DEM bridging coupling" : Mode-I
<h2>Contributions</h2> <ul> <li>Manon Voisin--Leprince: Contributed to writing scripts, launching simulations, and analyzing results</li> <li>Joaquin Garcia-Suarez: Contributed to helping analyze results</li> <li>Guillaume Anciaux: Contributed to supervising the project</li> <li>Jean-François Molinari: Contributed to supervising the project</li> </ul> <p>All authors reviewed the results and contributed to the manuscript</p> <h2>Funding sources</h2> <ul> <li>Grant 200021_197152, entitled <code>Wear across scales</code> by the Swiss National Science Foundation. </li> </ul> <h2>FEM-DEM coupling applications</h2> <p>The data_mode_I folder is composed of:</p> <p>1- The DEM folder which contains the scripts to generate the DEM samples used in the simulations (Mode_I and Mode_II)</p> <p>2- The Mode_I folder which is composed of:</p> <ul> <li> <p>mode_I: Contains the scripts and data of the section "Mode I crack propagation" presented in the paper</p> </li> <li> <p>post_processing_mode_I: Contains the files to conduct the post processing relative to the section "Mode I crack propagation"</p> </li> </ul> <p>Additional README.md files are provided in the subfolders</p> <p>The notebook folder contains scripts to plot the results of the section "Mode I crack propagation". </p> <h2>Mode_II complementary dataset</h2> <p>The Mode-II part of the study can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14264611</p>
Accompanying data for the paper "Two-scale concurrent simulations for crack propagation using FEM-DEM bridging coupling" : Mode-II
<h2>Contributions</h2> <ul> <li>Manon Voisin--Leprince: Contributed to writing scripts, launching simulations, and analyzing results</li> <li>Joaquin Garcia-Suarez: Contributed to helping analyze results</li> <li>Guillaume Anciaux: Contributed to supervising the project</li> <li>Jean-François Molinari: Contributed to supervising the project</li> </ul> <p>All authors reviewed the results and contributed to the manuscript</p> <h2>Funding sources</h2> <ul> <li>Grant 200021_197152, entitled <code>Wear across scales</code> by the Swiss National Science Foundation. </li> </ul> <h2>FEM-DEM coupling applications</h2> <p>The data folder contains the Mode_II folder which is composed of:</p> <ul> <li> <p>mode_II: Contains the scripts and data of the section "Surface wear during relative sliding" presented in the paper. Only data for the largest case is not provided.</p> </li> <li> <p>post_processing_mode_II: Contains the files to conduct the post processing relative to the section "Surface wear during relative sliding"</p> </li> </ul> <p>Additional README.md files are provided in the subfolders</p> <p>The notebook folder contains scripts to plot the results of the section "Surface wear during relative sliding". </p>
Text-fig. 5. Free living colonies, showing a mode of preservation which does not allow for precise determination but clearly exhibiting features characteristic for Smittipora and/or Cupuladria and/or Reusirella. (note the clear intrazooecial buds). Specimen deposited in NM Prague under number T 3319. A – imprint, B – counterpart to fig A. C – Specimen deposited in SNM under number Z 37724. Optic photography. Scale bar 1 mm. in The Priabonian Bryozoan-Decapod Association From The Borové Formation (The Ďurkovec Quarry, Ne Slovakia) And Its Palaeoecological Implications
Text-fig. 5. Free living colonies, showing a mode of preservation which does not allow for precise determination but clearly exhibiting features characteristic for Smittipora and/or Cupuladria and/or Reusirella. (note the clear intrazooecial buds). Specimen deposited in NM Prague under number T 3319. A – imprint, B – counterpart to fig A. C – Specimen deposited in SNM under number Z 37724. Optic photography. Scale bar 1 mm.
Text-fig. 4. Reteporella sp., deposited in NM Prague under number T 3318. A – Large colony suggesting very short transport. Scale bar 10 mm. Optic photography. B – the detail of branch showing the mode of preservation (no original skeleton preserved). Scale bar 1 mm. SEM photography (BSE detector). in The Priabonian Bryozoan-Decapod Association From The Borové Formation (The Ďurkovec Quarry, Ne Slovakia) And Its Palaeoecological Implications
Text-fig. 4. Reteporella sp., deposited in NM Prague under number T 3318. A – Large colony suggesting very short transport. Scale bar 10 mm. Optic photography. B – the detail of branch showing the mode of preservation (no original skeleton preserved). Scale bar 1 mm. SEM photography (BSE detector).
Figure 6 in Variation in elasmoid fish scale patterns is informative with regard to taxon and swimming mode
Figure 6. Scaled body section of slices (in grey) in the different longitudinal (A, C, and P) and transversal zones (1, 2, and 3). Angles increase from the central areas to the extremes. The lower insets show the transformations between the overall scale consensus shape (reference) and the shapes represented by the extremes of principal component 1 (PC1) (targets; leftmost = -ve PC1 scores; rightmost = +ve PC1 scores; see Fig. 4), which broadly reflect anterior–posterior variation in scale shape.
Figure 4 in Variation in elasmoid fish scale patterns is informative with regard to taxon and swimming mode
Figure 4. First two principal components (PCs) of shape labelled by species. Thin plate spline transformation grids for the extreme points of each PC are shown; these are superimposed on the shapes predicted when the average landmark configuration of all specimens is deformed into that of a hypothetical specimen positioned at the extreme of the PC of interest.
Figure 3 in Variation in elasmoid fish scale patterns is informative with regard to taxon and swimming mode
Figure 3. First two principal components of scale shape. A, labelled by longitudinal zones. B, labelled by transverse zones.
A large-scale assessment of plant dispersal mode and seed traits across human-modified Amazonian forests
1. Quantifying the impact of habitat disturbance on ecosystem function is critical for understanding and predicting the future of tropical forests. Many studies have examined post-disturbance changes in animal traits related to mutualistic interactions with plants, but the effect of disturbance on plant traits in diverse forests has received much less attention. 2. Focusing on two study regions in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, we used a trait-based approach to examine how seed dispersal functionality within tropical plant communities changes across a landscape-scale gradient of human modification, including both regenerating secondary forests and primary forests disturbed by burning and selective logging. 3. Surveys of 230 forest plots recorded 26,533 live stems from 846 tree species. Using herbarium material and literature, we compiled trait information for each tree species, focusing on dispersal mode and seed size. 4. Disturbance reduced tree diversity and increased the proportion of lower wood-density and smaller-seeded tree species in study plots. Unexpectedly, disturbance also increased the proportion of stems with seeds that are ingested by animals and reduced those dispersed by other mechanisms (e.g. wind). Older secondary forests had functionally similar plant communities to the most heavily disturbed primary forests. 5. <i>Synthesis</i>. Anthropogenic disturbance has major effects on the seed traits of tree communities, with implications for mutualistic interactions with animals. The higher importance of animal-mediated seed dispersal in disturbed and recovering forests highlights the importance of avoiding defaunation or promoting faunal recovery. The changes in mean seed width suggest larger vertebrates hold especially important functional roles in these human-modified forests. Monitoring fruit and seed traits can provide a valuable indicator of ecosystem condition, emphasising the importance of developing a comprehensive plant traits database for the Amazon and other biomes.
Kappa matrices presented in "An EFT approach to baryon number violation: lower limits on the new physics scale and correlations between nucleon decay modes" arXiv:2312.13361
<p>In this archive we provide the kappa matrices introduced in Sec 2.4 of our paper <em>An EFT approach to baryon number violation: lower limits on the new physics scale and correlations between nucleon decay modes</em> <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.13361">2312.13361</a>, also <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)004">published in JHEP</a>. These are the numerical values that are presented as matrix plots in Appendix C. Here they are packaged into CSV files, whose first row is the row/column label.</p> <p>Please consult the README for further information on how to use these data.</p> <p><em>Version 3: Fixed error common to d=7 matrices.</em></p>
Processed Data for Short Gianotti et al., "Two Sub-Annual Time-Scales and Coupling Modes for Terrestrial Water and Carbon Cycles" (2024), Global Change Biology.
<p>These files include all data used to create Figures in Short Gianotti et al., "Two Sub-Annual Time-Scales and Coupling Modes for Terrestrial Water and Carbon Cycles" (2024), Global Change Biology. Raw data provenances and methodological processing are cited in the published manuscript.</p> <p>See README file for metadata information.</p>
Figure 2 in Variation in elasmoid fish scale patterns is informative with regard to taxon and swimming mode
Figure 2. Landmark definitions.
A large-scale assessment of plant dispersal mode and seed traits across human-modified Amazonian forests
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Data from: From animal tracks to fine-scale movement modes: a straightforward approach for identifying multiple, spatial movement patterns
1. Thanks to developments in animal tracking technology, detailed data on the movement tracks of individual animals are now attainable for many species. However, straightforward methods to decompose individual tracks into high-resolution, spatial modes are lacking but are essential to understand what an animal is doing. 2. We developed an analytical approach that combines separately-validated methods into a straightforward tool for converting animal GPS tracks to short-range movement modes. Our three-step analytical process comprises: (1) decomposing data into separate movement segments using behavioural change point analysis; (2) defining candidate movement modes and translating them into non-linear or linear equations between net squared displacement (NSD) and time; and (3) fitting each candidate equation to NSD segments and determining the best-fitting modes using Concordance Criteria, Akaike's Information Criteria and other fine-scale segment characteristics. We illustrate our approach for three sub-adults, male wild boar Sus scrofa tracked at 15 min intervals over 4 months using GPS collars. We defined five candidate movement modes based on previously published studies of short-term movements: encamped, ranging, round trips (complete and partial), and wandering. 3. Our approach successfully classified over 80% of the tracks into these movement modes lasting between 5 and 54 hours and covering between 300 m to 20 km. Repeated analyses of GPS data resampled at different rates indicated that one positional fix every 3-4 h was sufficient for >70% classification success. Classified modes were consistent with published observations of wild boar movement, further validating our method. 4. The proposed approach advances the status quo by permitting classification into multiple movement modes (where these are adequately discernable from spatial fixes) facilitating analyses at high temporal and spatial resolutions, and is straightforward, largely objective, and without restrictive assumptions, necessary parameterizations or visual interpretation. Thus, it should capture the complexity and variability of tracked animal movement mode for a variety of taxa across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.
Data from: From fine-scale foraging to home ranges: a semi-variance approach to identifying movement modes across spatiotemporal scales
Understanding animal movement is a key challenge in ecology and conservation biology. Relocation data often represent a complex mixture of different movement behaviors, and reliably decomposing this mix into its component parts is an unresolved problem in movement ecology. Traditional approaches, such as composite random walk models, require that the timescales characterizing the movement are all similar to the usually arbitrary data-sampling rate. Movement behaviors such as long-distance searching and fine-scale foraging, however, are often intermixed but operate on vastly different spatial and temporal scales. An approach that integrates the full sweep of movement behaviors across scales is currently lacking. Here we show how the semivariance function (SVF) of a stochastic movement process can both identify multiple movement modes and solve the sampling rate problem. We express a broad range of continuous-space, continuous-time stochastic movement models in terms of their SVFs, connect them to relocation data via variogram regression, and compare them using standard model selection techniques. We illustrate our approach using Mongolian gazelle relocation data and show that gazelle movement is characterized by ballistic foraging movements on a 6-h timescale, fast diffusive searching with a 10-week timescale, and asymptotic diffusion over longer timescales.
Data from: A complex mode of aggressive mimicry in a scale-eating cichlid fish
Aggressive mimicry is an adaptive tactic of parasitic or predatory species that closely resemble inoffensive models in order to increase fitness via predatory gains. Although similarity of distantly related species is often intuitively implicated with mimicry, the exact mechanisms and evolutionary causes remain elusive in many cases. Here, we report a complex aggressive mimicry strategy in Plecodus straeleni, a scale-eating cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, which imitates two other cichlid species. Employing targeted sequencing on ingested scales, we show that P. straeleni does not preferentially parasitize its models but —contrary to prevailing assumptions — targets a variety of co-occurring dissimilar looking fish species. Combined with tests for visual resemblance and visual modelling from a prey perspective, our results suggest that complex interactions among different cichlid species are involved in this mimicry system.
Female reproductive mode shapes allometric scaling of male traits in livebearing fishes (family Poeciliidae)
<p>Reproductive mode is predicted to influence the form of sexual selection. The viviparity driven conflict hypothesis posits that a shift from lecithotrophic (yolk-nourished) to matrotrophic (mother-nourished or placental) viviparity drives a shift from pre-copulatory toward post-copulatory sexual selection. In lecithotrophic species, we predict that pre-copulatory sexual selection will manifest as males exhibiting a broad distribution of sizes, and small and large males exhibiting contrasting phenotypes (morphology and coloration); conversely, in matrotrophic species an emphasis on post-copulatory sexual selection will preclude these patterns. We test these predictions by gathering data on male size, morphology, and coloration for five sympatric Costa Rican poeciliid species that differ in reproductive mode (i.e. lecithotrophy vs matrotrophy). We find tentative support for these predictions of the viviparity driven conflict hypothesis, with some interesting caveats and subtleties. In particular, we find that the three lecithotrophic species tend to show a broader distribution of male sizes than matrotrophic species. Furthermore, large males of such species tend to exhibit proportionately large dorsal and caudal fins and short gonopodia relative to small males, while these patterns are expressed to a lesser extent in the two matrotrophic species. Finally, large males in some of the lecithotrophic species exhibit darker fins relative to small males, a pattern not evident in either matrotrophic species. One unexpected finding was that even in the matrotrophic species <i>Poeciliopsis retropinna</i> and <i>Poeciliopsis paucimaculata</i>, which lack courtship and dichromatic coloration, some morphological traits exhibit significant allometric relationships, suggesting that even in these species pre-copulatory sexual selection may be present and shaping size-specific male phenotypes in subtle ways.</p>
text-fig. 19. heropod ectopterygoids in ventral view, showing the different degrees and modes of pneumatisation of this bone (character 67). a, Majungatholus atopus; based on FMNH 96202-44C. B, Liliensternus lilienstemi; based on MB R. 2175. c, Allosaurus fragilis; ectopterygoid in ventral (left) and medial (right) view; based on UMNH VP 5328 (left) and 5327 (right), d, Dromaeosaurus albertensis; based on AMNH 5356. Abbreviations: j, contact to the jugal; pt, contact to the pterygoid. Scale bars represent 10 mm. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 19. heropod ectopterygoids in ventral view, showing the different degrees and modes of pneumatisation of this bone (character 67). a, Majungatholus atopus; based on FMNH 96202-44C. B, Liliensternus lilienstemi; based on MB R. 2175. c, Allosaurus fragilis; ectopterygoid in ventral (left) and medial (right) view; based on UMNH VP 5328 (left) and 5327 (right), d, Dromaeosaurus albertensis; based on AMNH 5356. Abbreviations: j, contact to the jugal; pt, contact to the pterygoid. Scale bars represent 10 mm.
Data Supporting Dissipation Scaled Internal Wave Drag in a Global Heterogeneously Coupled Internal/External Mode Total Water Level Model
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