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9 results for “neighbor response”
Detecting an effect of group size on individual responses to neighboring groups in gray-cheeked mangabeys (Lophocebus albigena)
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Data from: Far red light increases maize volatile emissions in response to volatile cues from neighboring plants
<p>Plants perceive the presence and defense status of their neighbors through light and volatile cues, but how plants integrate both stimuli is poorly understood. We investigated if and how low Red to Far red light (R:FR) ratios, indicative of shading or canopy closure, affect maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) responses to herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), including the green leaf volatile (<em>Z</em>)-3-hexenyl acetate. We modulated light signaling and perception by using FR supplementation and a <em>phyB1phyB2</em> mutant, and we determined volatile release as a response readout. To gain mechanistic insights, we examined expression of volatile biosynthesis genes, hormone accumulation, and photosynthesis. Exposure to a full blend of HIPVs or (<em>Z</em>)-3-hexenyl acetate induced maize volatile release. Short-term FR supplementation increased this response. In contrast, prolonged FR supplementation or constitutive phytochrome B inactivation in <em>phyB1phyB2 </em>plants showed the opposite response. Short-term FR supplementation enhanced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and (<em>Z</em>)-3-hexenyl acetate-induced JA-Ile levels. We conclude that a FR-enriched light environment can prompt maize plants to respond more strongly to HIPVs emitted by neighbors, which might be explained by changes in photosynthetic processes and phytochrome B signaling. Our findings reveal interactive responses to light and volatile cues with potentially important consequences for plant-plant and plant-herbivore interactions.</p>
Root responses to neighbors depend on neighbor identity and resource distribution
<p>In a complex soil environment, competitive and environmental factors will interact with individual traits to influence a plant's root growth patterns and ability to compete for resources. Here, we examine how root growth of a focal plant, <i>Plantago lanceolata</i> L., responds to resource heterogeneity and to presence of two neighbor species, <i>Centaurea jacea</i> L.and <i>Poa pratensis</i> L. A full factorial experiment tested the effects of nutrient heterogeneity, neighbors, and their interaction on root responses of <i>Plantago</i>. Roots in shared quadrants of a pot were harvested and quantified by qPCR for plants grown alone or with a neighbor, in patchy or even soil. The effects of experimental treatments on <i>Plantago</i> root mass distribution were tested with two-way ANOVA. When soil resources were evenly distributed, <i>Plantago</i> individuals increased root allocation to soil shared with a <i>Centaurea</i> neighbor but not a <i>Poa</i> neighbor. When soil resources were patchy, <i>Plantago</i> responded more strongly to <i>Poa</i> than to <i>Centuarea</i>, and placed more roots in the high-resource patch. These results demonstrate that plants can respond differently to neighbors depending on species and that integrating multiple cues results in non-additive effects on root behavior.</p>
Data from: Far red light increases maize volatile emissions in response to volatile cues from neighboring plants
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Root responses to neighbors depend on neighbor identity and resource distribution
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Data from: Neighborhood bully: no difference in territorial response towards neighbors or strangers in marmots
<p class="western">Territorial animals are expected to adjust their response to intruders according to the perceived threat-level. One of the factors that drives threat-level is the identity of the intruder. The dear enemy phenomenon theory postulates that individuals should respond with lower intensity to neighbors, already possessing a territory, than to strangers that may fight to evict them. In social species, the hierarchical status of the intruder might also mediate this response. Such behavioral adjustments presuppose a capacity to discriminate between individuals posing different threat levels. Here, we tested the behavioral response of Alpine marmots to territorial intrusions in a wild population. We compared both dominant females and males responses to scents from neighbor and stranger dominant males (dear enemy phenomenon) and to dominant and subordinate stranger males (social status-specific response). In addition, we tested for any covariance between male scents and social status. We showed that female and male dominant marmots do not adjust the intensity of their behavioral responses to whether the intruder's territory is bordering or not (neighbors or strangers) or to the intruder's social status, even though dominant and subordinate males are thought to pose different threats and social status is encoded in scents. Thus, we did not find support for the dear enemy phenomenon and conclude instead that, in dominant Alpine marmots, no intruder should enter a foreign territory. Research taking a more holistic approach of the evolution and maintenance of territoriality is required to understand the flexibility of responses to intruders in group-living species.</p>
Data from: Contrasting demographic responses to size-selective harvesting among neighboring wild fish populations
<p>Sustainable harvesting of wild populations relies on evidence-based knowledge to predict harvesting outcomes for species and the ecosystems they inhabit. Although harvesting may elicit compensatory density-dependence, it is generally size-selective, which induces additional pressures that are challenging to forecast. Furthermore, responses to harvest may be population-specific and whether generalizable patterns exist remains unclear.</p> <p>Taking advantage of Parks Canada's mandate to remove introduced brook trout (<em>Salvelinus fontinalis</em>) to restore alpine lakes in Canadian parks, we experimentally applied standardized size-selective harvesting rates (the largest ~64% annually) for three consecutive summers in five populations with different initial size structures. Four unharvested populations were used as controls.</p> <p>At reduced densities, harvested and control populations exhibited similar density-dependent increases in specific growth, juvenile survival, and earlier maturation. However, size-selective harvesting simultaneously induced changes to size and age structure that contrasted among harvested populations. Average body length decreased in three of five harvested populations, whereas it tended to increase in control populations over the three years. We also detected contrasting, population-specific changes in body length variability and ultimately in length- and age-at-harvest in harvested populations but not controls.</p> <p>Overall, populations with smaller, more homogeneous body sizes, and living at high densities were most resilient to size-selective harvesting, exhibiting the smallest change in size-at-age. In contrast, large-bodied populations exhibited more substantial size-structure changes following selective harvesting: large-bodied populations experienced either stabilizing or disruptive pressures, when initial length variability was high or low, respectively.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and application</em>: Our results show that within species, size-selective harvesting inherently leads to more risk and uncertainty when harvesting populations with larger and more varied body sizes than smaller-bodied populations with less range in body size. Our study supports prioritizing regulations that protect harvested populations with larger and more varied body sizes. Such a management strategy would reduce the likelihood of eliciting unpredictable or undesirable demographic changes to fish populations with these attributes.</p>
Data from: Neighborhood bully: no difference in territorial response towards neighbors or strangers in marmots
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Contrasting demographic responses to size-selective harvesting among neighboring wild fish populations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.