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opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Incorporation of biorational insecticides with neonicotinoids to combat resurgence of Tetranychus urticae (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) on rose

Fig. 1. Preference and non-preference test for spider mites by pro- viding imidacloprid (IMD)-or acetamiprid (ACT)-treated and untreated rose leaves as 2 choices at different days afer treatment (DAT) and observing the percentage of spider mites reaching a specific choice. Asterisk indicates significant difference between treatment and untreated control (P = 0.05, χ2 goodness of fit).

Fig. 6 in Comparison of the effects of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids against Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in rice

Fig. 6. Comparison of percent time engaged in feeding activities by rice stink bug adults on treated and untreated rice panicles when given a choice between panicles treated with Karate or untreated and when given a choice between panicles treated with Tenchu or untreated. Control arenas contained two untreated panicles. Experiments were conducted in 2011 (a) and 2012 (b). Bars accompanied by same letter indicate that means on treated and untreated panicles in choice conditions are not significantly different from means on untreated panicles under no choice (control) conditions.

Fig. 3. 2013 in Comparison of the effects of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids against Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in rice

Fig. 3. 2013. Mean ± SE rice stink bug nymphs (a) and adults (b) in 10 sweeps on untreated and insecticide treated rice small-plots. Means accompanied by different letters indicate a significant difference across treatments (P <0.05).

Fig. 1. 2011 in Comparison of the effects of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids against Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in rice

Fig. 1. 2011. Mean ± SE numbers of rice stink bug nymphs (a) and adults (b) in 10 sweeps in untreated and insecticide-treated rice small-plots. Means accompanied by different letters indicate a significant difference across treatments (P <0.05, LSD). (CY = λ-cyhalothrin, TMX = thiamethoxam, DN = dinotefuran).

Fig. 2. 2012 in Comparison of the effects of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids against Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in rice

Fig. 2. 2012. Mean ± SE numbers of rice stink bug nymphs (a) and adults (b) in 10 sweeps on untreated and insecticide-treated rice small-plots. Means accompanied by different letters indicate a significant difference across treatments (P <0.05, LSD). (CY = λ-cyhalothrin, TMX = thiamethoxam, DN = dinotefuran).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Supporting data and code for: Myzus persicae resistance to neonicotinoids - unravelling the contribution of different mechanisms to phenotype

This is the first release of the final data and code for the article accepted for publication in Pest Management Science journal. It contains the necessary scripts to produce most of the analyses and figures of the manuscript. All the necessary data can be found in the 'data' folder.

opencc-zeroJan 2020View details →

The weakest link: Haploid honey bees are more susceptible to neonicotinoid insecticides

Neonicotinoid insecticides are currently of major concern for the health of wild and managed insects that provide key ecosystem services like pollination. Even though sublethal effects of neonicotinoids are well known, there is surprisingly little information on how they possibly impact developmental stability, and to what extent genetics are involved. This holds especially true for haploid individuals because they are hemizygous at detoxification loci and may be more susceptible. Here we take advantage of haplodiploidy in Western honey bees, Apis mellifera, to show for the first time that neonicotinoids affect developmental stability in diploid females (workers), and that haploid males (drones) are even more susceptible. Phenotypic fore wing venation abnormalities and fluctuating wing asymmetry, as measures of developmental instability, were significantly increased under field-realistic neonicotinoid-exposure of colonies. The higher susceptibility of haploid drones suggests that heterozygosity can play a key role in the ability to buffer the sublethal effects of neonicotinoids. Aiming to improve conservation efforts, our findings highlight the urgent need to better understand the role that genetics plays at enabling non-target organisms to cope with insecticide exposure.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Data to accompany from: Effects of neonicotinoid seed treatments on wildbee populations and soybean and corn fields in eastern Ontario

Neonicotinoid-coated corn and soybean seeds are a common crop in Canada and the US. A growing body of research is demonstrating that, through various exposure routes, neonicotinoids can impact a suite of non-target organisms including beneficial insects such as bees. However, to date, only a few studies have examined the effects of neonicotinoids in field settings. We assessed the relationship between agricultural crop soil neonicotinoid levels and wild bee abundance and diversity at 16 agricultural sites representing different soil neonicotinoid levels. We detected clothianidin at 11 sites, thiamethoxam at three sites; imidacloprid was not detected. Hedgerow and crop soils were consistent in terms of where clothianidin was detected; thiamethoxan was not detected in hedgerow soils. Based on model outcomes, fields with higher levels of soil neonicotinoids exhibited significantly lower wild bee abundance and diversity than those with low or no neonicotinoids detected. Crop soil neonicotinoid level, hedgerow floral resource abundance and crop type were consistent predictors of bee abundance across models; only neonicotinoid level and crop type were significant predictors of diversity. Our results are consistent with recent findings in the midwestern US, and underscore the potential risk of soil neonicotinoids to wild bee populations across regions and crop systems.

zenodo36/100

Neonicotinoid trapping by the FA1 site of human serum albumin

Leboffe_et_al_docking_simulations: Input and output files derived from the docking simulations described in the manuscript "Neonicotinoid trapping by the FA1 site of human serum albumin" by Leboffe et al. More informations are given in the "README.txt" file.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2019View details →

zenodo36/100

Laboratory bioassay of insecticides mixtures (neonicotinoids and ketoenols) against Bemisia tabaci Asia I

Cotton leaves were dipped in serially diluted solutions of formulated insecticides for 10 s with slight agitation. The leaves with second instar nymphs that were dipped in double-distilled water containing 0.1 g L-1 Triton X-100 only, served as control. Each bioassay including control used 3-4 replicates at a minimum of eight different concentrations and were maintained at the controlled growth condition. All the insecticides concentrations were selected to give a range of 0-100% mortality of B. tabaci nymphs. Two weeks later final mortality was assessed when the last nymphal instar had been reached on control plants. It was computed by comparing the number of second instar nymphs present at the time of treatment with the number remaining dead or unhatched on the day of mortality assessment. For bioassays with synergists (PBO and DEF), the cotton leaves containing the second instar nymphs of B. tabaci were dipped into synergist solutions (100 mg L-1) for 10 s at least 2 h before the imposition of insecticide treatments. Other procedures were same to those with insecticides only.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Functional impact of subunit composition and compensation on Drosophila melanogaster nicotinic receptors: Targets of neonicotinoids

Neonicotinoid insecticides target insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and their adverse effects on non-target insects are of serious concern. We recently found that cofactor TMX3 enables robust functional expression of insect nAChRs in Xenopus laevis oocytes and showed that neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and clothianidin) exhibited agonist actions on some nAChRs of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), honeybee (Apis mellifera) and bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) nAChRs with more potent actions on the pollinator nAChRs. However, other subunits from the nAChR family remain to be explored. We show that the Dα3 subunit co-exists with Dα1, Dα2, Dβ1, and Dβ2 subunits in the same neurons of adult D. melanogaster, thereby expanding the possible nAChR subtypes in these cells alone from 4 to 12. The presence of Dα1 and Dα2 subunits reduced the affinity of imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and clothianidin for nAChRs expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, whereas the Dα3 subunit enhanced it. RNAi targeting Dα1, Dα2, or Dα3 in adults reduced expression of targeted subunits but commonly enhanced Dβ3 expression. Also, Dα1 RNAi enhanced Dα7 expression, Dα2 RNAi reduced Dα1, Dα6, and Dα7 expression and Dα3 RNAi reduced Dα1 expression while enhancing Dα2 expression, respectively. In most cases, RNAi treatment of either Dα1 or Dα2 reduced neonicotinoid toxicity in larvae, but Dα2 RNAi enhanced neonicotinoid sensitivity in adults reflecting the affinity-reducing effect of Dα2. Substituting each of Dα1, Dα2, and Dα3 subunits by Dα4 or Dβ3 subunit mostly increased neonicotinoid affinity and reduced efficacy. Therefore, functional expression studies and RNAi targeting of subunits show that neonicotinoid action and toxicity involve the integrated actions of multiple nAChR subunit combinations, counseling caution in interpreting toxicity to insects by subunit gene modification alone.

zenodo36/100

Data for: The Neonicotinoid Imidacloprid Impairs Sucrose Solution Consumption, Learning and Locomotor Activity Levels In Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris)

# README The following files are for creating the figures from the paper:  ## `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb` Jupyter notebook that creates the figures concerning flower visits, nectar consumption and the proportion of empty honeypots. ## `plot_activity.py` Python script that takes trajectory fragments from video analysis and computes the locomotor activity level through making histograms of bumblebee speeds. Makes two figures that are equivalent to the figure on locomotor activity in the paper. ## `statistical analysis.py` R markdown notebook that performs all the hypothesis testing for the paper. ## Data These files contain the data, and are located in the folder called `data`.  `activity/activityproportions.csv` contains the computed locomotor activity level for easy plotting. `boldata/boldata.csv` contains data about the nectar bag weight before and after experiment and the counted number of empty and full honeypots. Used by `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb` `flower_data/flowerData.csv` contains the computed number of visits to blue and yellow flowers per hive for easy plotting. `humlevideo_production/*/traj*_trajectories*.csv` contains constructed trajectories from all experiments seen from both cameras. These are being used by the script `plot_activity`. `humlevideo_production/*/traj*.json` contains data about the occurence of bees on flowers in each frame in each experiment. `landinger_csv` contains data about landings, that have been extracted from the `humlevideo_production/*/traj*.json` files. Used by `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb`.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Data for: Negative but antagonistic effects of neonicotinoid insecticides and ectoparasitic mites Varroa destructor on Apis mellifera honey bee food glands

Collaborative brood care by workers is essential for the functionality of eusocial honey bee, Apis mellifera, colonies. The hypopharyngeal food glands of workers play a crucial role in this context. Even though there is consensus that ubiquitous ectoparasitic mites Varroa destructor and widespread insecticides, such as neonicotinoids, are major stressors for honey bee health, their impact alone and in combination on the feeding glands of workers is poorly understood. Here, we show that both V. destructor and neonicotinoids reduce hypopharyngeal gland size, thereby potentially compromising collaborative brood care in colonies. In a fully-crossed laboratory experiment, the impact of mites and the neonicotinoids thiamethoxam and clothianidin alone and in combination on workers were evaluated. While the neonicotinoids did not impact survival and emergence body mass, the data confirm that V. destructor reduces both. Even though the interactions between both stressors were antagonistic and neutral, the clear detrimental effects of both stressors alone and in combination on worker longevity and food glands are remarkable. Besides reduced worker longevity, impaired brood care provided by workers exposed to V. destructor and neonicotinoids could be detrimental for honey bee colony functionality. Our findings highlight a mechanism to explain honey bee colonies losses globally.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides on bumble bee energy metabolism are revealed under nectar starvation

Bumble bees are an important group of insects that provide essential pollination services as a byproduct of their foraging behaviors. These pollination services are driven, in part, by energetic exchanges between flowering plants and individual bees. Thus, it is important to examine bumble bee energy metabolism and explore how it might be influenced by external stressors, which contribute to declines in global pollinator populations. Two stressors that are commonly encountered by bees include insecticides and nutritional stress. Our study examines the effects of neonicotinoid insecticide exposure alone, and in combination with nutritional stress, on bumble bee metabolism using a novel metabolomic approach. We hypothesized that exposure to the insecticide imidacloprid would disrupt bumble bee energy metabolism, leading to changes in key metabolites involved in energy metabolism. We exposed Bombus impatiens workers to imidacloprid according to one of three exposure paradigms designed to explore how sustained versus more limited imidacloprid exposure influences energy metabolites. After bees were exposed to imidacloprid, they were subjected to artificial nectar starvation. Our results showed that the strongest effects of imidacloprid were observed when treated bees also experienced artificial nectar starvation, suggesting a combinatorial effect of neonicotinoids and nutritional stress on energy metabolism. Overall, this study provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying the impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on bumble bees and underscores the need for further investigation into the complex interactions between environmental stressors and bee metabolism.