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opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Lack of avian predators is associated with behavioural plasticity in nest construction and height in an island songbird

Orange-crowned warblers, Leiothlypis celata sordida, breeding on the California Channel Islands exhibit remarkable variation in their nest structure and placement, providing an intriguing exception to the general pattern that avian nest structure and nest site selection are highly conserved characters. We examined nest construction at both the population and individual scale to test whether warblers on Santa Catalina Island change their nest construction in response to nest height. At the population level, warblers built both lighter, grass-dominated ground nests and heavier off-ground nests that contained more ridged materials and less grass. The probability of nest success was significantly and positively correlated with nest height. At the individual level, we found the same individuals were capable of building on- and off-ground nests between nesting attempts within the same season. However, nest construction was highly variable among individuals and not significantly correlated with nest success after controlling for nest height. We suggest this observed behavioural plasticity in nest construction and nest height is a hierarchical response to the absence of avian predators. Reduced risk from avian predators appears to allow the warblers to use a variety of nest sites, thereby necessitating increased flexibility in nest construction.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Nest construction and its effect on post-hatching family life in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

Through the effort required to construct them, the microenvironmental conditions they impose on the family and their indirect influence on post-hatching care, nests play a key role in influencing family life. We combined experimental evolution with cross-fostering experiments on laboratory populations of Nicrophorus vespilloides to investigate three ways in which the nest can contribute more broadly to parental investment. We used replicate populations of N. vespilloides that had evolved for 42 generations under contrasting regimes of care. Populations were either able to supply post-hatching care ("Full Care") or prevented from supplying any post-hatching care ("No Care"). Research on these populations has previously shown that the No Care populations evolved to build rounder nests, more rapidly, by Generation 14. Here we found: 1) larvae raised by Full Care parents on nests prepared by parents from the No Care population did not attain a higher mass by the end of larval development than larvae in other treatments. However, we did discover that: 2) cross-fostering nests between families consistently reduced larval mass – and to a similar extent whether nests were cross-fostered between or within the populations. We suggest that cross-fostering disrupted the chemical environment on and around the nest since we found no evidence that 3) nests mediate interactions between males and females. The duration of paternal care was consistently shorter than the duration of maternal care, and even shorter for males from the No Care populations than males from the Full Care populations. Nevertheless, the duration of male care did not predict variation in duration of female care. In short, although the nest is the substrate for burying beetle family life, we found little evidence that it had evolved divergently in our experimental populations to influence parental investment.

publicSep 2022View details →

Lack of avian predators is associated with behavioural plasticity in nest construction and height in an island songbird

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publicApr 2024View details →

Nest construction and its effect on post-hatching family life in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

The effects of dietary proline, β-alanine, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the nest construction behavior in the Oriental hornet

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Figure 12 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 12. Logistic regression showing the effect of the folding strength of the leaves on the presence (1) or absence (0) of Aysha piassaguera nests. N0 = 36; N1 = 18.

Figure 11 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 11. Logistic regression showing the effect of leaf thickness on the presence (1) or absence (0) of Aysha piassaguera nests. N0 = 36; N1 = 18.

Figure 3 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 3. Device used to measure the folding strength of leaves. (a) Wooden support. (b) U-shaped frame device. (c) Sewing thread. (d) Pulley. (e) Plastic bag containing flour. (f) Test leaf. (g) Weight to hold the leaf. (h) Hooks to hold the bag and tip of the leaf. (i) Table.

Figure 2 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 2. Graphic scheme of the plots delimited in the field and the subdivision made for the correct registration of the nests of Aysha paissaguera.

Figure 4 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 4. Average proportion of branches with Aysha piassaguera nests at each vegetation height. Error bars represent ± 1 standard error. NBase = 1828; NCrown = 817.

Figure 1 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 1. Aysha piassaguera nest on a Crocosmia crocosmiiflora (Iridaceae) leaf, with a distinct pyramidlike format.

Figure 13 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 13. Logistic regression showing the effect of the leaf mass per area (LMA) of the leaves on the presence (1) or absence (0) of Aysha piassaguera nests. N0 = 36; N1 = 18.

Figure 9 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 9. Frequency of available branches and branches with Aysha piassaguera nests in Iridaceae and Gramineae. Nbranches with nests = 141; Navailable branches = 857.

Figure 8 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 8. Frequency of available branches and branches with Aysha piassaguera nests in monocotyledons and eudicotyledons. Nbranches with nests = 153; Navailable branches = 1828.

Figure 7 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 7. Average proportions of branches with Aysha piassaguera nests in each family of monocotyledons at the lower vegetation of the forest edge. Error bars represent ± 1 standard error. NIridaceae = 502; NGramineae = 355.

Figure 6 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 6. Average proportions of branches with Aysha piassaguera nests in each group of plants at the base (lower vegetation) of the forest edge. Error bars represent ± 1 standard error. NMonocotyledons = 857; NEudicoctyledons = 971.

Figure 5 in Leaf and site selection for nest construction and oviposition in Aysha piassaguera Brescovit, 1992 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae)

Figure 5. Frequency of available branches and branches with Aysha piassaguera nests at both substrate heights. Nbranches with nests = 162; Navailable branches = 2645.