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60 results for “nest site selection”
Data from: Nest orientation and proximity to snow patches are important for nest site selection of a cavity breeder at high elevation
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Reproductive timing and location are central to breeding success across taxa. Many species have evolved specific strategies to cope with environmental variability including shifts in timing of reproduction tracking resource availability or selecting favourable nest location. In mountain ecosystems, complex topography and pronounced seasonality result in particularly high spatiotemporal variability of environmental conditions, and the risk of climate-induced resource mismatches is particularly acute given that temperature is increasing more rapidly than in the lowlands.<br>We investigated how a high-elevation passerine, the white-winged snowfinch <em>Montifringilla nivalis</em>, selects its nest site in relation to nest cavity characteristics, habitat composition and snow condition. We used a combination of field habitat mapping and satellite remote sensing to compare occupied nest sites with randomly selected pseudo-absence sites. In the first half of the breeding season, snowfinches preferred nest cavities oriented towards the morning sun while they used cavities proportional to their availability later on. This preference might relate to the nest microclimate offering eco-physiological advantages, namely thermoregulatory benefits for incubating adult and nestlings under the harsh conditions typically encountered in the alpine environment. Nest sites were consistently located in areas with greater-than-average snow cover at hatching date, likely mirroring the foraging preferences for tipulid larvae developing in meltwater along snowfields. Due to the particularly rapid climate shifts typical of mountain ecosystems, spatiotemporal mismatches between foraging grounds and nest sites are expected in the future, which may negatively influence demographic trajectories of the species concerned. The installation of well-designed nest boxes in optimal habitat configurations could to some extent help mitigate this risk.</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary material for "Playback experiments highlight the importance of nearest-neighbor distance and social information for nest site selection in the House Martin (Delichon urbicum)"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Understanding nest site selection is crucial for species conservation. Bird conservation often involves installing nesting aids to increase nest site availability and induce colonization of unoccupied sites. However, prospecting individuals must find nesting aids, which may be facilitated by social information. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of artificial nests and playback in the declining, migratory House Martin <em>Delichon urbicum</em>. We selected unoccupied sites with artificial nests along a distance gradient to occupied sites and broadcasted conspecific vocalizations during prospection times of House Martins in both the post- and the following pre-breeding periods. Visitation and colonization rates increased considerably in proximity to occupied sites. Playback during the post-breeding and pre-breeding periods enhanced visitation rates, while pre-breeding-only and post-breeding-only playback had smaller positive effects. Colonization rate increased exclusively with pre-breeding-only playback. Colonized playback and non-playback sites had similar breeding success, indicating that playback did not create ecological traps by attracting House Martins to suboptimal sites. Hence, broadcasting conspecific vocalizations informs prospecting birds of nest site availability, thereby increasing visitation, and to some degree, colonization of unoccupied House Martin sites. To boost colonization, we recommend installing artificial House Martin nests within approximately 500 meters of occupied sites and using playback of conspecific vocalizations.</p>
Fig. 3 in Nesting ecology and nest site selection of green-legged partridge
Fig. 3. Location of a green-legged partridge nest between the buttress of a large tree. The arrow shows the location of nest.
Fig. 1. Precipitation during 2009 and 2010 in Nesting ecology and nest site selection of green-legged partridge
Fig. 1. Precipitation during 2009 and 2010 and the nesting period for the same two years of green-legged partridge at Khao Yai National Park.
Fig. 2 in Nesting ecology and nest site selection of green-legged partridge
Fig. 2. Hourly variations (mean ± SD) in departure and return times of incubating female green-legged partridge (N = 6) at the Mo Singto Plot, Khao Yai National Park during 2009 and 2010.
FIGURES 42–45 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 42–45. SEM micrographs of inner surface of cocoons of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 42. Longitudinal section of cocoon, front removed, showing long shiny inner surface of wall and modified apical tip showing cushion of multiple layers of silk fibers. 43. Close-up of surface of multiple layers identified by rectangle in figure 42. 44. Posterior end of another cocoon, inner view, showing cushion of multiple layers of silk fibers, somewhat off center. 45. Close-up of cushion of multiple layers of silk fibers identified by rectangle in figure 44.
FIGURE 1 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURE 1. Road leading from Dos Cabezas, Cochise County, Arizona, where nests of Lithurgopsis apicalis were first discovered in the decapitated stalks of Agave palmeri. FIGURES 2–6. Study area 8 mi north of Portal, Cochise Co., Arizona. 2. Landscape; note presence of Agave palmeri and Opuntia. 3. Female Lithurgopsis apicalis in flower of food plant Opuntia. 4. Base of Agave plant with rosette of basal leaves, which once dry fortifies bee nests from predations by vertebrates. 5. H.G.H. removing leaves from another Agave. 6. Crack (arrow) in Agave stalk that allows females of Lithurgopsis apicalis access for nesting.
FIGURES 39–41 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 39–41. Microphotographs of cocoons of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 39. Sample of cocoons most of which had been opened to remove larvae, showing variation in color, texture, and external shape. 40. Longitudinal section of front of one side of front end of cocoon, showing outer layer of dark silk between which thin line of white fine-grained layer of discharge is sandwiched by inner thick layer of dark silk. 41. Longitudinal section of posterior end of cocoon showing multiple layers of silk fibers.
FIGURES 19–23 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 19–23. Microphotographs of nest components of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 19. Assorted discs showing variation primarily in views of posterior surfaces from numerous cells. 20. Young larva, probably first instar, facing posterior surface of disc, but not yet feeding. 21. Two preserved eggs, side view. 22. Newly emerged fifth instar compared with fully grown fifth instar. 23. Plastic rearing dish containing five live larvae, which permitted us to observe feeding and cocoon-spinning activities throughout the study period.
FIGURES 12–14 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 12–14. Single cell provisions of Lithurgopsis apicalis from various nests. FIGURE 15.Two cells in linear series. FIGURES 16–18. Eggs of Lithurgopsis apicalis attached to disc, and same egg with attachment to disc now broken, and another egg and disc, respectively.
FIGURES 7, 8 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 7, 8. Nests of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 7. Cross section of Agave stalk where multiple nests were first found, showing pollen-filled cells (arrows), open tunnels, and tunnels filled with wood chips (gray). 8. Closeup of burrow wall through fine-grained plant tissue showing characteristic transverse patterning created by the female's mandibles during excavation.
FIGURES 9–11 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 9–11. Diagrams of nest found near Dos Cabezas, Cochise County, Arizona. 9. Entire nest, side view containing two burrows, with close-up of section containing three cells, one of which had not been closed. 10. Single cell containing two eggs, each associated with small open space ("egg chamber") and with disc of firmer provisions. 11. Close-up of disc and egg.
FIGURES 46, 47 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 46, 47. SEM macrographs of thin film of cocoon fabric spun on June 44, 2013, as identified in photomicrograph, figure 36, 46. showing small apertures that presumably would have been closed with more applications of silk, and 47. edge of same, showing texture of silk that is extruded, respectively. These macrographs plus observations made at the time strongly suggest that the inner surface of cocoons is composed solely of silk; see text for further explanation.
FIGURES 27–31 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 27–31. Microphotographs of cleared larvae of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 27. Entire first instar, lateral view, with cast chorion and pollen grains adhering to posterior end. 28. Head of same, frontal view. 29. Head capsule of third/fourth instar, frontal view, showing pollen grain being ingested. 30. Same but more dorsal view showing pollen grains being ingested sequentially into esophagus. 31. Lower part of head of early fifth instar; note pollen grain being ingested behind mandibular apices.
FIGURES 32–36 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 32–36. Larvae of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 32. Cast head capsules of second and third instars attached to venter of fourth instar. 33. Early defecating fifth instar, showing slender body shape. 34. Intermediate-aged fifth instar demonstrating more tapered body shape. 35. Spinning fifth instar with fibrous cushion of feces and pollen intermeshed with silk. 36. Silken network that has been partly covered by thin film of clear silk (identified by arrow).
Data for: Using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to characterize nest site selection in wild Japanese tits (Parus minor)
<p>Selecting a suitable nest site is critical to the survival and reproduction of birds. Prospecting allows individuals to gather information on the local quality of potential future breeding sites, which may help them make the best nest site selection decision. However, few studies have focused on the direct links between the prospecting activity of breeders and subsequent nest site selection. In this study, we investigated the prospecting pattern of Japanese tits (<em>Parus minor</em>) during the pre-breeding period of the first breeding attempt and whether nest site characteristics influence their nest box visiting behaviour and occupied nest site. We used radio frequency identification (RFID) to track the movements of Japanese tits visiting nest boxes and compared nest site characteristics between visited and unvisited (control) nest boxes, as well as between visited and occupied nest boxes. We found that Japanese tits started visiting nest boxes approximately 20 days before breeding, visited an average of 6 nest boxes and eventually chose the most visited nest box for breeding activities. Japanese tits were more likely to visit nest boxes that had less canopy cover and lower shrub density but a greater total number of surrounding trees and ultimately chose breeding nest boxes with a smaller entrance inclination, in nesting trees with a larger diameter at breast height (DBH) which were surrounded by trees with a larger DBH. Our results suggest that Japanese tits visit several potential breeding sites before choosing breeding nest boxes and that nest site characteristics can influence their prospecting activity and nest site selection.</p>
Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
<p><span>Most studies on nest site selection in multiple-brooded birds indicate that breeders tend to reuse the original nest site for subsequent breeding attempts within the same season. However, there are also some instances that many breeders may choose to move and build a new nest. The factors of habit</span><span>at</span><span> affecting nest switching of multiple-brooded avian species are poorly investigated. In this study, we investigated whether facultatively double-brooded Japanese tits (<em>Parus minor)</em> adapt their nest site characteristics in response to changes in environmental conditions during the second breeding attempt. Our results showed that </span><span>second breeding nest boxes of Japanese tits had lower shrub height and fewer total number of tree species, but taller </span><span>nest box height and higher </span><span>shrub density</span> <span>compared to the control nest boxes. Compared with first-breeding nest boxes, second-breeding nest boxes used by Japanese tits had lower shrub height and higher shrub density. Our results suggest</span><span>ed</span><span> that Japanese tits </span><span>selected</span> <span>nest sites for second breeding based on nest site characteristics, which may be related to food availability or predator avoidance</span><span>.</span></p>
Data from: Alternative forms of brook trout nest site selection alter modeled offspring thermal experience and emergence phenology in groundwater-influenced streambeds
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Data for: Using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to characterize nest site selection in wild Japanese tits (Parus minor)
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Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
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