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23 results for “nitrogen assimilation”
Decoupling silicon metabolism from carbon and nitrogen assimilation poises diatoms to exploit episodic nutrient pulses in a coastal upwelling system
<p>Diatoms serve as the major link between the marine carbon (C) and silicon (Si) biogeochemical cycles through their contributions to primary productivity and requirement for Si during cell wall formation. Although several culture-based studies have investigated the molecular response of diatoms to Si and nitrogen (N) starvation and replenishment, diatom silicon metabolism has been understudied in natural populations. A series of deckboard Si-amendment incubations were conducted using surface water collected in the California Upwelling Zone near Monterey Bay. Steep concentration gradients in macronutrients in the surface ocean coupled with substantial N and Si utilization led to communities with distinctly different macronutrient states: replete ('healthy'), low N ('N-stressed'), and low N and Si ('N- and Si-stressed'). Biogeochemical measurements of Si uptake combined with metatranscriptomic analysis of communities incubated with and without added Si were used to explore the underlying molecular response of diatom communities to different macronutrient availability. Metatranscriptomic analysis revealed that N-stressed communities exhibited dynamic shifts in N and C transcriptional patterns suggestive of compromised metabolism. Expression patterns in communities experiencing both N and Si stress imply that the presence of Si stress may partially ameliorate N stress and dampen the impact on organic matter metabolism. This response builds upon previous observations that the regulation of C and N metabolism is decoupled from Si limitation status, where Si stress allows the cell to optimize the metabolic machinery necessary to respond to episodic pulses of nutrients. Several well-characterized Si-metabolism associated genes were found to be poor molecular markers of Si physiological status; however, several uncharacterized Si-responsive genes were revealed to be potential indicators of Si stress or silica production.</p>
Decoupling silicon metabolism from carbon and nitrogen assimilation poises diatoms to exploit episodic nutrient pulses in a coastal upwelling system
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Picea mariana Growth, Leaf N Concentration and Assimilation in a Bog Exposed to Nitrogen Treatments, 2013-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lakes, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). In September 2013-2015, we measured annual leader extension of Picea mariana on four trees (0.5-2.5 m tall) per plot. Using a visually estimated P. mariana density at Mariana Lakes Bog of 1 tree m-2, and N concentrations in P. mariana needles, we calculated annual N assimilation attributable to new needle production. Annual leader extension and tree growth increased with increasing N input, with the response becoming more pronounced from 2013 through 2015. Picea mariana needle N concentrations also increased with increasing N input, at a modest, but significant rate that was consistent across all years while water addition alone had no significant effect on P. mariana leader extension, growth, needle N concentration, or N assimilation in any of the years of measurement (p >= 0.54). At Mariana Lakes Bog, the effect of N addition on P. mariana NPP became more pronounced over time. We cannot determine the extent to which the progressively steeper P. mariana growth response to N deposition represents a cumulative effect of added N or is related to interannual differences in temporal climatic variables.
Shrub Growth, NPP, and Nitrogen Assimilation for Two Years in an Alberta Peatland Subjected to Increasing Nitrogen Deposition, 2014-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lakes, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). In July of each year, we collected new growth of the three shrub species, returned them to the lab, and analyzed them. Non-destructive measurement of aboveground NPP for the three dominant shrub species, Andromeda polifolia, Chamaedaphne calyculata, and Rhododendron groenlandicum was based on allometric equations developed. Results for species were varied, however, water addition alone had no significant effect on NPP for any of the species or for the dominant shrubs combined in either 2014 or 2015 (p >= 0.47). The mass of newly produced shoot segments for Chamaedaphne calyculata, Andromeda polifolia, Rhododendron groenlandicum, and these three dominant shrubs combined all increased with increasing N input. As N input increased, the number of newly produced shoots (vegetative buds m-2) increased linearly for A. polifolia and the three shrub species combined. The number of newly produced shoots increased up to 16.6 ± 2.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and then decreased for C. calyculata and was unaffected for R. groenlandicum. Shrub growth response to increased N could lead to a shading out of the underlayer of mosses changing the bog and potentially compromising its structure and function.
Amoebocytes facilitate efficient carbon and nitrogen assimilation in the Cassiopea Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis
<p>The upside-down jellyfish <i>Cassiopea</i> engages in symbiosis with photosynthetic microalgae that facilitate uptake and recycling of inorganic nutrients. In contrast to most other symbiotic cnidarians, algal endosymbionts in <i>Cassiopea</i> are not restricted to the gastroderm but are found in amoebocyte cells within the mesoglea. While symbiont-bearing amoebocytes are highly abundant, their role in nutrient uptake and cycling in <i>Cassiopea</i> remains unknown. By combining isotopic labelling experiments with correlated SEM and NanoSIMS imaging, we quantified the anabolic assimilation of inorganic carbon and nitrogen at the subcellular level in juvenile <i>Cassiopea</i> medusae bell tissue. Amoebocytes were clustered near the sub-umbrella epidermis and facilitated efficient assimilation of inorganic nutrients. Photosynthetically-fixed carbon was efficiently translocated between endosymbionts, amoebocytes and host epidermis at rates similar to or exceeding those observed in corals. The <i>Cassiopea</i> holobionts efficiently assimilated ammonium, while no nitrate assimilation was detected, possibly reflecting adaptation to highly dynamic environmental conditions of their natural habitat. The motile amoebocytes allow <i>Cassiopea</i> medusae to distribute their endosymbiont population to optimize access to light and nutrients, and transport nutrition between tissue areas. Amoebocytes thus play a vital role for assimilation and translocation of nutrients in <i>Cassiopea</i>, providing an interesting new model for studies of metabolic interactions in photosymbiotic marine organisms.</p>
18S/16S raw amplicon data for Martínez Martínez et al. : "Coastal bacteria and protists assimilate viral carbon and nitrogen"
<p>Raw amplicon (18S and 16S rRNA) sequencing data (.fastq.gz) for Martínez Martínez <em>et al.</em> : "Coastal bacteria and protists assimilate viral carbon and nitrogen". Each sample has forward (*_1.fastq.gz) and reverse (*_2.fastq.gz) reads as separate files. </p>
Amoebocytes facilitate efficient carbon and nitrogen assimilation in the Cassiopea Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis
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Testing assumptions of nitrogen cycling between a temperate, model coral host and its facultative symbiont: symbiotic contributions to dissolved inorganic nitrogen assimilation
<p>Coral symbioses are predicated on the need for mutual nutrient acquisition and translocation between partners. Carbon translocation is well-studied in this classic mutualism, while nitrogen (N) has received comparatively less attention. Quantifying the mechanisms and dynamics of N assimilation is critical to understanding the functional ecology of coral organisms. Given the importance of symbiosis to the coral holobiont, it is important to determine what role photosynthetic symbionts play in N acquisition. We used the facultatively symbiotic temperate coral <em>Astrangia poculata</em> and <sup>15</sup>N labeling to test the effects of symbiotic state and trophic status on N acquisition. We tracked assimilation of 2 forms of isotopically labeled dissolved inorganic N (DIN: ammonium, <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and nitrate, <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) by fed and starved colonies of both symbiotic and aposymbiotic <em>A. poculata</em>. Coral holobiont tissue was subsequently analyzed for δ<sup>15</sup>N and changes in photosynthetic efficiency. Results suggest that corals acquired the most N from DIN via their symbiont <em>Breviolum psygmophilum</em> and that NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> is more readily assimilated than NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. Photosynthetic efficiency increased with the addition of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, but only for fed, symbiotic treatments. NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> adversely affected photosynthetic efficiency among starved corals. Our results suggest that symbiosis is advantageous for DIN acquisition, that dysbiosis inhibits corals' mixotrophic strategy of nutrient acquisition, and that either feeding or symbiosis alone does not fully provide the energetic advantage of both. This study lends support to the emerging hypothesis that symbionts are mutualists in optimal conditions but shift to a parasitic paradigm when resources or energy are scarce.</p>
Testing assumptions of nitrogen cycling between a temperate, model coral host and its facultative symbiont: symbiotic contributions to dissolved inorganic nitrogen assimilation
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The histone chaperone HIR establishes chromatin states controling nitrogen assimilation and virulence in Candida albicans [ATAC-seq]
GEO Series GSE157568. Candida albicans. 20 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Low red to far-red light environments alter nitrogen assimilation in corn (Zea mays)
GEO Series GSE213949. Zea mays. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The histone chaperone HIR establishes chromatin states controling nitrogen assimilation and virulence in Candida albicans
GEO Series GSE157599. Candida albicans. 38 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
ZmNRT1.1B (ZmNPF6.6) determines nitrogen use efficiency via regulation of nitrate transport and assimilation in maize
GEO Series GSE227472. Zea mays. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The sRNA NsiR4 is involved in nitrogen assimilation control in cyanobacteria by targeting glutamine synthetase inactivating factor IF7
GEO Series GSE73840. Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
The Caulobacter NtrB-NtrC two-component system bridges nitrogen assimilation and cell development [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE234095. Caulobacter vibrioides NA1000. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The histone chaperone HIR establishes chromatin states controling nitrogen assimilation and virulence in Candida albicans [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE157411. Candida albicans. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The Caulobacter NtrB-NtrC two-component system bridges nitrogen assimilation and cell development
GEO Series GSE234097. Caulobacter vibrioides NA1000. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Carbon availability triggers the decomposition of plant litter and assimilation of nitrogen by an ectomycorrhizal fungus
GEO Series GSE45303. Paxillus involutus ATCC 200175. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
The Caulobacter NtrB-NtrC two-component system bridges nitrogen assimilation and cell development [ChIP-seq]
GEO Series GSE234096. Caulobacter vibrioides NA1000. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The Photorespiratory BOU Gene Mutation Alters Sulfur Assimilation and Its Crosstalk With Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana
GEO Series GSE86380. Arabidopsis thaliana. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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