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27 results for “non-invasive genetics”
Figure 1 in Non-invasive genetic study and population monitoring of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) (Mammalia: Ursidae) in Kastoria region - Greece
Figure 1. The study area in Kastoria region and capture locations (red dots) for the 75 living bears.
Fig. 1 MapshowingtherangeofthestudypopulationofEasternImperialEaglesinHungaryandthelocationofsampledandnotsampledterritoriesin 2003 in High Turnover Rate Revealed By Non-Invasive Genetic Analyses In An Expanding Eastern Imperial Eagle Population
Fig. 1 MapshowingtherangeofthestudypopulationofEasternImperialEaglesinHungaryandthelocationofsampledandnotsampledterritoriesin 2003 (35 ofthe 61 nesting
Fig. 2 in High Turnover Rate Revealed By Non-Invasive Genetic Analyses In An Expanding Eastern Imperial Eagle Population
Fig. 2. Firstidentification (1999, territorycodeBS-02) andre-identification (2003, BS-03) of afemale. Theterritorieswereapproximately 10 kmawayfromeachotherandtheoriginal BS-02 territorywasvacantin 2001-2002, butitwasoccupiedbyapairwithanewfemale in 2003; differentmarkingsrepresentdifferentgeneticallytaggedfemales, blackmarkings representthenestsfromtheBS-02 territory, greymarkingsrepresentnestsfromtheBS-03 territory; yearsinitalic (nestsmarkedbycircles) representnestingsiteswithoutsamples.
Testing the effectiveness of genetic monitoring using genetic non-invasive sampling
<p>1. Effective conservation requires accurate data on population genetic diversity, inbreeding, and genetic structure. Increasingly, scientists are adopting genetic non-invasive sampling as a cost-effective population-wide genetic monitoring approach. Genetic non-invasive sampling has, however, known limitations which may impact the accuracy of downstream genetic analyses.</p> <p>2. Here, using high quality SNP data from blood/tissue sampling of a free-ranging koala population (n = 430), we investigated how the reduced SNP panel size and call rate typical of genetic non-invasive samples (derived from experimental and field trials) impacts the accuracy of genetic measures, and also the effect of sampling intensity on these measures.</p> <p>3. We found that genetic non-invasive sampling at small sample sizes (14% of population) can provide accurate population diversity measures, but slightly underestimated population inbreeding coefficients. Accurate measures of internal relatedness required at least 33% of the population to be sampled. Accurate geographic and genetic spatial autocorrelation analysis requires between 28% and 51% of the population to be sampled.</p> <p>4. We show that genetic non-invasive sampling at low sample sizes can provide a powerful tool to aid conservation decision-making and provide recommendations for researchers looking to apply these techniques to free-ranging systems.</p>
Testing the effectiveness of genetic monitoring using genetic non-invasive sampling
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Data from: Evaluating genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing as a genetic monitoring tool for a climate sentinel mammal using non-invasive and archival samples
<p>Genetic tools for wildlife monitoring can provide valuable information on spatiotemporal population trends and connectivity, particularly in systems experiencing rapid environmental change. Though many DNA sequencing approaches still require high quality and quantity of DNA obtained from traditional sources (e.g. blood and tissue), rapid genotyping tools such as Genotyping-in-Thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) have improved our ability to make use of degraded and less concentrated DNA commonly obtained from non-invasive and archival samples. Here, we developed a multi-purpose GT-seq panel (307 single nucleotide polymorphisms) for a climate sentinel mammal (the American pika, <em>Ochotona princeps</em>) for use as a genetic tool for monitoring populations in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. We optimized the panel using contemporary tissue samples (n = 77) and subsequently applied it to archival tissue (n = 17) and contemporary fecal pellet samples (n = 129) to evaluate its effectiveness at identifying individuals and sex, estimating relatedness, and inferring population structure. The panel demonstrated high efficacy with contemporary and archival tissue samples (94.7% and 90.5% genotyping success, respectively) and negligible genotyping error (0.001% and 0.0%, respectively). Despite relatively high genotyping success for fecal pellet samples (79.7%), high genotyping error (28.4%) limited its power as a monitoring tool to assess genetic variation using non-invasive samples and highlighted the need for further optimization around sample and data collection.</p>
Genetic data of the 8733 non-invasive samples collected to study the French grey wolf population
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Data from: Evaluating genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing as a genetic monitoring tool for a climate sentinel mammal using non-invasive and archival samples
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Data from: Assessing individual patterns of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in urban coyotes: non-invasive genetic sampling as epidemiological tool
1. In epidemiological studies of wildlife parasites, faecal genotyping has been introduced to prevent bias in estimates of parasite prevalence from faecal samples collected in the field. Such an approach could be particularly relevant in the study of Echinococcus multilocularis transmission in urban settings, where estimates of prevalence and patterns of infection in wild canid hosts are key parameters used in zoonotic risk assessment and management. However, no previous study has evaluated the reliability of E. multilocularis faecal prevalence, and individual patterns of infection in definitive hosts remain poorly understood. 2. We evaluated faecal genotyping as an epidemiological tool, using E. multilocularis in urban coyotes Canis latrans as our study system. Combining parasitological analysis and multilocus individual genotyping of coyote faeces, we compared faecal parasite prevalence with the prevalence obtained from genotyped faecal samples. Furthermore, we assessed patterns of individual infection, such as re-infection rates and phenology of parasite egg excretion. 3. Of 425 feces collected in five urban sites, we genotyped 142 samples (33.4%) corresponding to 60 unique individual coyotes. Number of genotyped samples per coyote ranged between 1 and 10 (mean = 2.3). Genotypes were obtained at 4–6 microsatellite loci and had a mean reliability of 0.9975. 4. Faecal prevalence of E. multilocularis in genotyped coyotes was 25.0%, and similar to results previously obtained from non-genotyped faeces. Faecal genotyping allowed estimating a re-infection rate of individual coyotes of 57.1%, and to observe temporal patterns of parasite infection that were not detected using non-genotyped faeces. 5. Synthesis and applications. If compared to independent data obtained through coyote post-mortem examination, our results suggest that reliable estimates of overall parasite prevalence in definitive host populations can be efficiently obtained through well-designed field collection and traditional faecal parasitological analysis. However, faecal genotyping allows assessing the dynamics of individual infections, which could otherwise only be estimated by using invasive techniques. Combining faecal genotyping with parasitology has a great potential in assessing zoonotic risk transmission in urban areas, as well as advancing the field of wildlife ecology, disease ecology and conservation.
Data from: Non-invasive genetic monitoring involving citizen science enables reconstruction of current pack dynamics in a re-establishing wolf population
Background: Carnivores are re-establishing in many human-populated areas, where their presence is often contentious. Reaching consensus over management decisions is often hampered by a dispute about the size of the local carnivore population. Understanding the reproductive dynamics and individual movements of the carnivores can provide support for management decisions, but individual-level information can be difficult to obtain from elusive, wide-ranging species. Non-invasive genetic sampling can yield such information, but makes subsequent reconstruction of population history challenging due to incomplete population coverage and error-prone data. Here, we combine a collaborative, volunteer-based sampling scheme with Bayesian pedigree reconstruction to describe the pack dynamics of an establishing grey wolf (Canis lupus) population in south-west Finland, where wolf breeding was recorded in 2006 for the first time in over a century. Results: Using DNA extracted mainly from faeces collected since 2008, we identified 81 individual wolves and assigned credible full parentages to 70 of these and partial parentages to a further 9, revealing 7 breeding pairs. Individuals used a range of strategies to obtain breeding opportunities, including dispersal to established or new packs, long-distance migration and inheriting breeding roles. Gene flow occurred between all packs but inbreeding events were rare. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that characterizing ongoing pack dynamics can provide detailed, locally-relevant insight into the ecology of contentious species such as the wolf. Involving various stakeholders in data collection makes these results more likely to be accepted as unbiased and hence reliable grounds for management decisions.
Poor implementation of non-invasive sampling in wildlife genetics studies - supplementary material
<p>Supplementary Table S1: Peer-reviewed studies on wildlife genetics in amphibians, birds, carnivores, molluscs and rodents, published in 2017-2018, which were included in the review.</p>
Estimating red fox density using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture–recapture modelling
<p>Data and scripts for our paper:</p> <p>Lindsø, L.K., Dupont, P., Rød-Eriksen, L. <em>et al.</em> Estimating red fox density using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture–recapture modelling. <em>Oecologia</em> <strong>198</strong>, 139–151 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05087-3</p>
Cell-free DNA Analysis of Spent Embryo Culture Media as a Non-invasive Approach for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07076719. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 24.
Development of Non-invasive Prenatal Test for Microdeletion and Other Genetic Syndromes Based on Cell Free DNA
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02109770. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of Neurobiological Predictors of Response to Non-invasive Neurostimulation and Genetic Susceptibility to Dementia in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04943003. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Estimating population density of the white-tailed deer in Finland using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture–recapture
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Data from: Non-invasive genetic monitoring involving citizen science enables reconstruction of current pack dynamics in a re-establishing wolf population
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Data from: Two decades of non-invasive genetic monitoring of the grey wolves recolonizing the Alps support very limited dog introgression
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Data from: Assessing individual patterns of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in urban coyotes: non-invasive genetic sampling as epidemiological tool
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Figure 2 in Non-invasive genetic study and population monitoring of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) (Mammalia: Ursidae) in Kastoria region - Greece
Figure 2. (A) Means of estimated LnP (Data) and standard deviations for K = 1 to K = 5. (B) Factorial correspondence analysis plot of multilocus genotypes for 82 brown bear individuals identified in the present study.
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