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234 results for “northeast Pacific”
Northeast Pacific deoxygenation and volcanism during the last deglaciation
<p><strong>File structure:</strong></p> <p><strong>Source data</strong></p> <ul> <li>Contains source data to main text and extended data figures. Data sources are identified within and listed below.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Computer codes</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Geochemical inversion</strong> –</li> </ul> <ul> <li>“Data for geochemical inversion.xlsx”: contains Gulf of Alaska sediment and volcanic/terrigenous endmember geochemical data used for data inversion.</li> <li>“geochemical inversion.r”: R script used to perform geochemical inversion.</li> <li>“GOA inversion fraction.csv”: Result of the geochemical inversion, including the volcanic and terrigenous fractions in each Gulf of Alaska sediment sample.</li> <li>“GOA inversion residual.csv”: Result of the geochemical inversion, including the residuals of each element.</li> <li><strong>cluster volcanic geochemical data </strong>– <ul> <li> “Database of volcanic geochemistry.xlsx”: compiled database of the geochemistry of volcanic endmember samples.</li> <li> “cluster.r”: R script used to perform cluster analysis on the volcanic samples.</li> <li> “Clustered volcanic data.csv”: the results of cluster analysis.</li> <li> “Dendroplot.r”: R script used to plot the dendrogram for the cluster analysis.</li> <li> “dendro 15 complete euclidean.pdf”: The dendrogram.</li> <li> “Volcanic endmembers.csv”: final geochemical volcanic endmembers based on the cluster analysis.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Global volcanic eruption compilation –</strong></li> </ul> <ul> <li>“eruption.database.intcal20.xlsx”: This file includes the eruption database compiled by this study, as well as the previous compilation of Huybers and Langmuir 2009 EPSL (referred to as HL09).</li> <li>“eruption.ratio.R” and “volc.freq.R”: These are R scripts that compute the eruption frequency of glaciated and unglaciated volcanoes using the eruption database. “eruption.ratio.R”calls the function inside “volc.freq.R”.</li> <li>“Volcanic eruption summary.xlsx”: This file contains the outputs of the R scripts.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>PISM sensitivity experiment – </strong></li> </ul> <ul> <li>“ciscyc.5km.epica.ts.10a.nc” and other netcdf files: The output of PISM sensitivity experiments, from <em>Seguinot. (2020). Cordilleran ice sheet glacial cycle simulations continuous variables [Data set]. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3606536">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3606536</a></em>. Click the link to see the documentation of these files.</li> <li>“temperature timeseries.xlsx”: the temperature forcing used in the sensitivity experiments.</li> <li>“PISM sensitivity.r”: R script used to analyse the PISM sensitivity experiments, including data binning, lag correlation and regression between ice sheeting response and temperature forcing.</li> <li>“PISM sensitivity.xlsx”: Output of the R script.</li> <li>“GOA.calibration.csv”: SST record from the Gulf of Alaska site 85JC/U1419, calibrated using bayspline.</li> <li>“GOA.Ensemble.csv”: 1000 ensemble output of the bayspline calibration.</li> <li>“predict ice volume SST.r”: R script used to predict the response of CIS ice volume to GOA SST forcing. The script will call the results of PISM sensitivity experiments in “PISM sensitivity.xlsx” and the GOA SST forcing in “GOA.calibration.csv” and “GOA.calibration.csv”.</li> <li>“PISM ice vol GOA SST.csv”: predicted PISM ice vol based on GOA SST forcing and taking into account all sensitivity experiments and the uncertainty in SST reconstruction.</li> <li>“PISM ice vol GOA SST model.csv”: predicted PISM ice vol based on GOA SST forcing based on each sensitivity experiment and the uncertainty in SST reconstruction.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Please cite the following studies when using the data, in addition to citing the present study:</strong></p> <p><strong>GOA age model, IRD and MAR:</strong></p> <p>Walczak, M. H. et al. Phasing of millennial-scale climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Science 370, 716–720 (2020).</p> <p>Velle, J. H. et al. High resolution inclination records from the Gulf of Alaska, IODP Expedition 341 Sites U1418 and U1419. Geophys. J. Int. 229, 345–358 (2022).</p> <p>Heaton, T. J. et al. Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP). Radiocarbon 62, 779–820 (2020).</p> <p><strong>GOA SST: </strong></p> <p>Praetorius, S. K. et al. North Pacific deglacial hypoxic events linked to abrupt ocean warming. Nature 527, 362–366 (2015).</p> <p>Romero, O. E., LeVay, L. J., McClymont, E. L., Müller, J. & Cowan, E. A. Orbital and Suborbital-Scale Variations of Productivity and Sea Surface Conditions in the Gulf of Alaska During the Past 54,000 Years: Impact of Iron Fertilization by Icebergs and Meltwater. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatology 37, e2021PA004385 (2022).</p> <p>Tierney, J. E. & Tingley, M. P. BAYSPLINE: A New Calibration for the Alkenone Paleothermometer. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatology 33, 281–301 (2018).</p> <p><strong>GOA benthic foraminifera assemblage:</strong></p> <p>Belanger, C. L., Sharon, Du, J., Payne, C. R. & Mix, A. C. North Pacific deep-sea ecosystem responses reflect post-glacial switch to pulsed export productivity, deoxygenation, and destratification. Deep Sea Res. Part Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 164, 103341 (2020).</p> <p>Sharon, Belanger, C., Du, J. & Mix, A. Reconstructing Paleo-oxygenation for the Last 54,000 Years in the Gulf of Alaska Using Cross-validated Benthic Foraminiferal and Geochemical Records. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatology 36, e2020PA003986 (2021).</p> <p><strong>GOA productivity:</strong></p> <p>Romero, O. E., LeVay, L. J., McClymont, E. L., Müller, J. & Cowan, E. A. Orbital and Suborbital-Scale Variations of Productivity and Sea Surface Conditions in the Gulf of Alaska During the Past 54,000 Years: Impact of Iron Fertilization by Icebergs and Meltwater. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatology 37, e2021PA004385 (2022).</p> <p>Addison, J. A. et al. Productivity and sedimentary δ15N variability for the last 17,000 years along the northern Gulf of Alaska continental slope. Paleoceanography 27, PA1206 (2012).</p> <p><strong>GOA bulk sediment neodymium isotopes:</strong></p> <p>Du, J., Haley, B. A., Mix, A. C., Walczak, M. H. & Praetorius, S. K. Flushing of the deep Pacific Ocean and the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Nat. Geosci. 11, 749–755 (2018).</p> <p><strong>GOA volcanic endmember data compilation:</strong></p> <p>Cameron, C. E., Snedigar, S. F. & Nye, C. J. Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database. DDS 8 http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/29120 (2014) doi:10.14509/29120.</p> <p>Sarbas, B., Jochum, K. P., Nohl, U. & Hofmann, A. W. GEOROC, the MPI geochemical rock database: a new tool for geochemists. Eos Trans. AGU 80, F1184 (1999).</p> <p><strong>Global and regional volcanic eruption data compilation:</strong></p> <p>Huybers, P. & Langmuir, C. Feedback between deglaciation, volcanism, and atmospheric CO2. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 286, 479–491 (2009).</p> <p>Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.8.7. 10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW4-2013. (2013).</p> <p>Bryson, R. U., Bryson, R. A. & Ruter, A. A calibrated radiocarbon database of late Quaternary volcanic eruptions. EEarth Discuss 1, 123–134 (2006).</p> <p>Watt, S. F. L., Pyle, D. M. & Mather, T. A. The volcanic response to deglaciation: Evidence from glaciated arcs and a reassessment of global eruption records. Earth-Sci. Rev. 122, 77–102 (2013).</p> <p>Crosweller, H. S. et al. Global database on large magnitude explosive volcanic eruptions (LaMEVE). J. Appl. Volcanol. 1, 4 (2012).</p> <p>Cameron, C. E., Snedigar, S. F. & Nye, C. J. Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database. DDS 8 http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/29120 (2014) doi:10.14509/29120.</p> <p>Praetorius, S. et al. Interaction between climate, volcanism, and isostatic rebound in Southeast Alaska during the last deglaciation. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 452, 79–89 (2016).</p> <p>Wilcox, P. S. et al. A new set of basaltic tephras from Southeast Alaska represent key stratigraphic markers for the late Pleistocene. Quat. Res. 92, 246–256 (2019).</p> <p>Davies, L. J., Jensen, B. J. L., Froese, D. G. & Wallace, K. L. Late Pleistocene and Holocene tephrostratigraphy of interior Alaska and Yukon: Key beds and chronologies over the past 30,000 years. Quat. Sci. Rev. 146, 28–53 (2016).</p> <p><strong>GIA models:</strong></p> <p>Roy, K. & Peltier, W. R. Relative sea level in the Western Mediterranean basin: A regional test of the ICE-7G_NA (VM7) model and a constraint on late Holocene Antarctic deglaciation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 183, 76–87 (2018).</p> <p>Lambeck, K., Purcell, A. & Zhao, S. The North American Late Wisconsin ice sheet and mantle viscosity from glacial rebound analyses. Quat. Sci. Rev. 158, 172–210 (2017).</p> <p><strong>PISM sensitivity experiments and temperature forcing:</strong></p> <p>Seguinot, J., Rogozhina, I., Stroeven, A. P., Margold, M. & Kleman, J. Numerical simulations of the Cordilleran ice sheet through the last glacial cycle. The Cryosphere 10, 639–664 (2016).</p> <p>Seguinot. (2020). Cordilleran ice sheet glacial cycle simulations continuous variables [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3606536</p> <p>Dansgaard, W. et al. Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record. Nature 364, 218–220 (1993).</p> <p>Andersen, K. K. et al. High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature 431, 147–151 (2004).</p> <p>Jouzel, J. et al. Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 800,000 Years. Science 317, 793–796 (2007).</p> <p>Petit, J. R. et al. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature 399, 429–436 (1999).</p> <p>Herbert, T. D. et al. Collapse of the California Current During Glacial Maxima Linked to Climate Change on Land. Science 293, 71–76 (2001).</p> <p><strong>Be10 data compilation:</strong></p> <p>Lesnek, A. J., Briner, J. P., Baichtal, J. F. & Lyles, A. S. New constraints on the last deglaciation of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet in coastal Southeast Alaska. Quat. Res. 96, 140–160 (2020).</p> <p>Haeussler, P. J. et al. Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska. Quat. Res. 1–20 (2021) doi:10.1017/qua.2021.33.</p> <p>Walcott, C. K., Briner, J. P., Baichtal, J. F., Lesnek, A. J. & Licciardi, J. M. Cosmogenic ages indicate no MIS 2 refugia in the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska. Geochronology 4, 191–211 (2022).</p> <p>Briner, J. P. et al. The last deglaciation of Alaska. Cuad. Investig. Geográfica 43, 429–448 (2017).</p> <p>Tulenko, J. P., Briner, J. P., Young, N. E. & Schaefer, J. M. Beryllium-10 chronology of early and late Wisconsinan moraines in the Revelation Mountains, Alaska: Insights into the forcing of Wisconsinan glaciation in Beringia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 197, 129–141 (2018).</p> <p>Menounos, B. et al. Cordilleran Ice Sheet mass loss preceded climate reversals near the Pleistocene Termination. Science 358, 781–784 (2017).</p> <p>Dulfer, H. E., Margold, M., Engel, Z., Braucher, R. & Team, A. Using 10Be dating to determine when the Cordilleran Ice Sheet stopped flowing over the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Quat. Res. 102, 222–233 (2021).</p> <p>Lesnek, A. J., Briner, J. P., Lindqvist, C., Baichtal, J. F. & Heaton, T. H. Deglaciation of the Pacific coastal corridor directly preceded the human colonization of the Americas. Sci. Adv. 4, eaar5040 (2018).</p> <p>Tulenko, J. P., Briner, J. P., Young, N. E. & Schaefer, J. M. The last deglaciation of Alaska and a new benchmark 10Be moraine chronology from the western Alaska Range. Quat. Sci. Rev. 287, 107549 (2022).</p>
Data and Analysis for Kaplanis, Denny, and Raimondi 2024, "Vertical distribution of rocky intertidal organisms shifts with sea-level variability on the Northeast Pacific Coast".
<p>This repository contains all the data and R scripts used to produce all analyses and figures for Kaplanis, Denny, and Raimondi 2024, as well as all intermediate outputs and final figures. To access this content, download and unzip the intertidalvertdist folder (for intertidal vertical distribution). The R Project is titled "intertidalvertdist". All pertinent information needed to access data, replicate the analyses, and produce figures is contained within the README file, but a brief desciption is below.</p> <p><br>Directory Architecture:</p> <p>Data:<br>Contains all data. Within this folder are two subdirectories - Raw Data, and Processed Data. Raw Data are unmanipulated, straight from the data source. Processed Data are outputs from scripted data wrangling and transformations. </p> <p>Within each of these folders are two more subdirectories: Tide Gauge Data, and MARINe Data. These are the two data sources used in this manuscript - monthly sea-level data from The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (NOAA CO-OPS) tide gauge stations, and long-term rocky intertidal biological monitoring data from Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network (MARINe) survey sites.</p> <p>Scripts:<br>All R scripts are contained within the Scripts folder. The scripts have the prefix IVD (for intertidal vertical distribution), then a name that indicates the major function of the code. The scripts either downloads data, manipulates data, conducts analyses, and/or produces a figure.</p> <p>Outputs:<br>Any figures and tables from preliminary analyses, but that are not used in the final manuscript, are saved in Outputs.</p> <p>Figures:<br>All final figures and tables are contained in the Figures folder. All figures are produced by scripts, except Figs. 1 and 2, which are schematics produced manually in a graphics editor. This folder contains two other folders: Supplemenatary Figures, and Partial Regression Plots. Partial Regression plots are the same as the final Figures 8-12, except they are grouped by taxa rather than by explanatory variable.</p> <p>Data Processing Workflow - Overview: <br>Tide Gauge Data (Data/Raw Data/Tide Gauge Data/individual stations) were downloaded using the NOAA Co-Ops API URL Builder (https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/api-helper/url-generator.html), merged, then analyzed. Three MARINe data sets from the Coastal Biodiversity Survey (CBS) were accessed via data requests (https://marine.ucsc.edu/explore-the-data/contact/data-request-form.html). The first MARINe dataset (Data/Raw Data/MARINe Data/CBS_Percent Cover Data, both First Sample and Full Sample) was used to determine the top ten most abundant taxa (hereafter termed “dominant taxa”) across CBS survey sites during the monitoring period of 2001-01-01 to 2021-09-30. The second MARINe dataset (Data/Raw Data/MARINe Data/CBS_Elevation Data) was used to describe the upper limits of vertical distribution of dominant taxa through time. The third MARINe dataset (Data/Raw Data/MARINe Data/CBS_Presence Data) was used to visualize latitudinal distribution of taxa.</p> <p>Location information for Tide Gauge Stations and CBS Survey Sites were assembled into a table (Data/Raw Data/CBS_Tide Gauge_Data.csv)</p> <p>Tide Gauge Data were processed first, then MARINe Data. To replicate this workflow follow the steps described in the README file, in order.</p>
Models of the early diagenesis of neodymium and its radiogenic isotope at deep-sea site HH3000, Oregon margin, Northeast Pacific
<p>Outputs of the early diagenetic model for neodymium and its radiogenic isotope at deep sea station HH3000 (3060 m, 43°52'N, 125°38'W) from the Oregon margin, Northeast Pacific.</p> <p>Three types of models are included, and the files are named as following:</p> <p>1. Baseline simulations, "HH3000Nd.baseline.copre_output.xlsx" for the co-precipitation formulation, and "HH3000Nd.baseline.revscan_output.xlsx" for the reversible scavenging formulation.</p> <p>2. Sensitivity tests of silicate dissolution rate: "HH3000Nd.{<em>mineral</em>}.{<em>dissolution rate</em>}_output.xlsx", where {<em>mineral</em>} can be "Basalt", "Plag" (plagioclase), "Cpx" (clinopyroxene) or "Chl" (chlorite), and {<em>dissolution rate</em>} can be "1e0" to "1e5", referring to the order of magnitude reduction of dissolution rate relative to the laboratory-derived rates.</p> <p>3. Sensitivity tests of authigenic clay precipitation rate: “HH3000Nd.basalt.{<em>precipitation rate</em>}.illite_output.xlsx", where "{<em>precipitation rate</em>}" can be "no", "slow", "normal", or "fast".</p> <p>Explanations of the modeled variables in the above files can be found in "model variable note.xlsx".</p>
Small, coastal temperate rainforest watersheds dominate organic carbon transport to the northeast Pacific Ocean
The northeast Pacific Coastal Temperate Rainforest (NPCTR) extending from southeast Alaska to northern California is characterized by high precipitation and large stores of recently fixed biological carbon. We show that 3.4 Tg-C yr-1 as DOC is exported from the NPCTR drainage basin to the coastal ocean. More than 56% of this riverine DOC flux originates from thousands of small (mean = 118 km2), coastal watersheds that comprise 22% of the NPCTR drainage basin. The average DOC yield from NPCTR coastal watersheds (6.20 g-C m-2 yr-1) exceeds that from Earth’s tropical regions by roughly a factor of three. The highest yields occur in small, coastal watersheds in the central NPCTR due to the balance of moderate temperature, high precipitation, and high soil organic carbon stocks. These findings indicate that DOC export from NPCTR watersheds may play an important role in regional-scale heterotrophy within near-shore marine ecosystems in the northeast Pacific. These are the datasets used in this analysis
Storyline Simulations Data for the paper Athanase et al.: Projected amplification of summer marine heatwaves in a warming Northeast Pacific Ocean
<p>Data used for producing the Figures in the paper entitled "Projected amplification of summer marine heatwaves in a warming Northeast Pacific Ocean", Athanase et al. (Communications Earth & Environment).</p> <p>The AWI-CM-1-1-MR free runs are available in the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) data nodes (https://esgf-data.dkrz.de/search/cmip6-dkrz/). The ERA5 reanalysis data used in the paper can be accessed from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF; https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era5). Here, we provide data from the nudged storyline simulations carried out with the AWI-CM-1-1-MR coupled climate model.</p> <p>Parameters naming convention:</p> <p>- Sea Surface Temperature ("tos").</p> <p>- Radiative Fluxes ("radiations"), including net surface heat flux ("qnet"), net surface thermal radiation ("trads"), net surface solar radiation ("srads"), latent heat flux ("ahfl"), sensible heat flux ("ahfs").</p> <p>- Low Clouds Cover ("lcc").</p> <p>- Mixed Layer Depth ("mlotst").</p> <p>- Surface Air Temperature ("tas").</p> <p>- 10 m winds ("u10","v10").</p> <p>All data is provided as the 5-member ensemble mean from the nudged storyline simulations. Data is provided for the storyline simulations of the summer 2019 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave, in different background climate conditions: preindustrial ("PI"), present-day ("PD"), and +4°C warmer world ("4K"). </p> <p> </p>
FIG. 5 in Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Northeast Pacific
FIG. 5. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., holotype. A. Dorsal calcareous corpuscules. B. Marginal spicule. C. Bristle with small spicule. D. Ventral scale. E. Head of major lateral tooth. F. Central and first lateral teeth of radula. Scale bar: 100 µm. РИС. 5. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., голотип. A. ДорсальнаЯ иЗвестковаЯ корпускула. B. МаргинальнаЯ спикула. C. Щетинка с маленькой спикулой. D. ВентральнаЯ чеШуйка. E. Наконечник крючковой пластинки радулы. F. Центральный и первые латеральные Зубы радулы. МасШтабнаЯ линейка: 100 мкм.
FIG. 4 in Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Northeast Pacific
FIG. 4. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., holotype. A. Dorsal calcareous corpuscules and ventral scales. B, C. Middle part of radula. D. Central and first lateral teeth of radula. РИС. 4. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov.,. A. Дорсальные иЗвестковые корпускулы и маргинальные спикулы. B, C. СреднЯЯ часть радулы. D. Центральные и первые латеральные Зубы радулы.
FIG. 3 in Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Northeast Pacific
FIG. 3. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., holotype. A, B. Dorsal calcareous corpuscules and marginal spicules. C, D. Dorsal calcareous corpuscules, marginal spicules and ventral scales. РИС. 3. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., голотип. A, B. Дорсальные иЗвестковые корпускулы и маргинальные спикулы. C, D. Дорсальные иЗвестковые корпускулы, маргинальные спикулы и вентральные чеШуйки.
FIG. 1 in Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Northeast Pacific
FIG. 1. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., holotype (ZIN 2454), Gulf of Alaska, northeast Pacific, BL–6.0 mm. A. Whole specimen, dorsal view. B. Whole specimen, lateral view. РИС. 1. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., голотип (ZIN 2454), Залив АлЯска, северо-восточнаЯ Пацифика, BL–6.0 mm. A. Целый ЭкЗемплЯр, вид сверху. B. Целый ЭкЗемплЯр, вид сбоку.
FIG. 2 in Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Northeast Pacific
FIG. 2. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., holotype. A. Head valve I, dorsal view. B. Part of intermediate valve, dorsal view. C. Tail valve, dorsal view. D. Intermediate valve, sculpture in central and lateral areas. E. Tail valve, lateral view. F. Part of intermediate valve, sculpture in lateral area and in pleural part of central area РИС. 2. Stenosemus undatopleuralis sp. nov., голотип. A. Головной Щиток, вид сверху. B. Часть промежуточного Щитка, вид сверху. C. Хвостовой Щиток, вид сверху. D. Промежуточный Щиток, скульптура бокового полЯ и плевральной части центрального полЯ. E. Хвостовой Щиток, вид сбоку. F. Часть промежуточного Щитка, скульптура бокового полЯ и плевральной части центрального полЯ.
Fluxes of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen and mass from the Station M abyssal time series in the northeast Pacific, (1989-2022)
<p>Overview:</p> <p>This dataset provides particulate fluxes to Station M in the NE Pacific, from 1989 to 2022. Samples were collected with McLane Parflux sequencing sediment traps deployed on moorings. Data are provided for traps 50 m above bottom and 600 m above bottom, with deployment bottom depths ranging from approximately 3900 m to 4500 m. Gaps reflect lapses in funding, weather disruptions, clogs in sediment traps, or the occasional spilled sample. Where available, GPS coordinates and ship-recorded bottom depth at deployment location are given. Where these are not available, approximate location and depth are given and noted.</p> <p> </p> <p>Methods:</p> <p>This program used McLane Parflux sequencing sediment traps. Attempts to avoid sediment trap clogs, which increasingly became an issue, included replacing manufacture-supplied plastic funnels with Teflon-coated fiberglass funnels (October 2014), doubling the size of sediment trap collection cups (from 250 ML to 500 ML starting in October 2014), and adding a function that periodically agitated material in the funnel constriction (starting in June 2015).</p> <p>Before deployment, sediment trap cups were acid-washed and filled with a preservative (mercuric chloride from 1989 to 2009, 3%–5% buffered formalin from 2009 to 2022). Formalin brine recipe followed that recommended by McLane. Following sample recovery, zooplankton that many have swum into the traps were identified visually and manually removed (KLS). Samples were returned to the lab, freeze-dried, and weighed to calculate mass flux. The freeze-dried sample was analyzed for inorganic carbon content using a coulometer (UIC), and total carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen using an elemental analyzer (Perkin-Elmer or Exeter Analytical, University of California Santa Barbara Marine Science Institute Analytical Laboratory). Dry mass was corrected for salt content using a AgNO<sub>3</sub> titration (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064519302395#bib99">Strickland and Parsons, 1972</a>). Data [mass flux, particulate organic carbon flux, and total nitrogen flux] from the 600 mab trap were used. Gaps in this data set were infilled using the linear relationship between data from the 600 mab and 50 mab traps. Full details of these methods can be found in Baldwin et al. (<a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022GL101018#grl65243-bib-0002">1998</a>).</p> <p>Data provided have been quality-controlled, and only usable data are included here.</p> <p> </p> <p>References:</p> <p>Baldwin, R. J., Glatts, R. C., & Smith Jr, K. L. (1998). Particulate matter fluxes into the benthic boundary layer at a long time-series station in the abyssal NE Pacific: composition and fluxes. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 45(4-5), 643-665.</p> <p>Strickland, J.D.H., Parsons, T.R. (1972) A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa </p> <p>Smith, K. L., Huffard, C. L., & Ruhl, H. A. (2020). Thirty-year time series study at a station in the abyssal NE Pacific: An introduction. <em>Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography</em>, <em>173</em>, 104764.</p>
Fin whale vocalizations recorded at OBS station BS080 in the northeast Pacific Ocean
<p>Fin whale calls recorded by seismic stations in the northeast Pacific sped up 10 times to be audible to humans. </p>
FIGURE 4 in Heterobranch Sea Slug Range Shifts in the Northeast Pacific Ocean associated with the 2015-16 El Niño
FIGURE 4. Abundance of the Bulla gouldiana and Aplysia vaccaria in the low rocky intertidal at Naples, Santa Barbara, California 2006–2017.
Figure 10 in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 10 (continued) G–I. Eratotrivia crescentensis (Weaver and Palmer, 1922), Crescent Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Port Crescent, Clallam County, Washington. Basal (G), dorsal (H), and right (labral) side (I) views, 5.5x, length 6 mm, width 4 mm, height 3.5 mm, holotype CASG 7587 [ex UWBM 201], UWBM Locality 358. J–S. Nomina dubia. J. "Bernaya" fresnoensis (Anderson, 1905), Avenal Sand (Eocene, "Domengine Stage"), Los Gatos Creek, northwest of Coalinga, Fresno County, central California. Basal (J) view, 0.9x, length 41.2 mm, width 27 mm, height 28 mm, of holotype CASG 61713.01. K–M. "Eocypraea" bayerquei (Gabb, 1864), Martinez Formation (Paleocene), Clayton, Contra Costa County, northern California. Basal (K), dorsal (L), and right (labral) side (M) views, 1.2x, length 30.4 mm, width 23.4 mm, height 17 mm, of holotype UCMP 31403. N–P. "Sphaerocypraea" martini (Dickerson, 1914). Martinez Formation (Paleocene, Thanetian Stage), south of Muir Station, Contra Costa County, northern California. Basal (N), dorsal (O), and right (labral) side (P) views, 1.1x, length 38.5 mm, width 22.7 mm, height 20.8 mm, of holotype UCMP 243. Q–S. "Sulcocypraea" oakvillensis (Van Winkle, 1918), Lincoln Creek Formation (lowermost) (Eocene, lower Galvinian Stage), eastern Grays Harbor County, Washington. Basal (Q), dorsal (R), and left (columellar) side (S) views, 1.8x, length 28 mm, width 15 mm, height mm, height 11.7 mm, of holotype CASG 7606.
Figure 9A–B in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 9A–B. Grovesia castacensis (Stewart, 1926 [1927]), Tejon Formation (Eocene, "Tejon Stage"), Tehachapi Mountains, Kern County, southern California. Dorsal (A) and left (columellar) (B) views, 3.4x, length 15.5 mm, width 9.1 mm, height 6.9 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 41206.2, LACMIP Type 14941, base of Metralla Sandstone Member, Live Oak Canyon, LACMIP Locality 41206 [ex CSUN Locality 1206]. C–L. Grovesia mathewsonii (Gabb, 1869), Muir Sandstone (Eocene, "Domengine Stage" to "Tejon Stage"), near Martinez, Contra Costa County, northern California. Basal (C), dorsal (D), right (labral) views, 1x, length 10.7 mm, width 7.5 mm, height 4.7 mm, of holotype ANSP 4217. F–G. Basal (F) [as published] and dorsal (G) views, 2.9x, length 17.9 mm, width 11.6 mm, of holotype CASG 245.02 [ex CAS 816] of Cypraea kerniana Anderson and Hanna, 1925, Tejon Formation (Eocene, "Tejon Stage") Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, southern California. H–J. Basal (H), dorsal (I), left (columellar), (J) left (columellar) views, 2.7x, length 14.6 mm, width 10.8 mm, height 7.8 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 7155.9, LACMIP type 14930, Tejon Formation, Grapevine Canyon, LACMIP Locality 7155, Kern County, southern California. K-L. Basal (K), dorsal (L) views, 3.9x, length 14 mm, width 10.3 mm, of hypotype UCMP 30903, UCMP Locality 5085, Ardath Shale (Eocene, "Domengine Stage"), San Diego County, southern California. M–P. Luponovula maniobraensis (Squires and Advocate, 1986), (M–O). Maniobra Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Orocopia Mountains, Riverside County, southern California. Basal (M), dorsal (N), and right (labral) (O) views, 1.3x, length 39.6 mm, width 22.8 mm, height 21.2 mm, of holotype LACMIP 10566.4, LACMIP Type 10566 [ex UCLA 48431], LACMIP Locality 23779. (P). Basal view, Llajas Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California, 2.1x, length 26.6 mm, width 15.8 mm, height 10.9 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 40491.1, LACMIP Type 14945 (LACMIP Locality 40491 [ex CSUN Locality 491]).
Figure 10. A–C in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 10. A–C. Cypraedia sp. Bateque Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Mesa La Salina, Baja California Sur, México. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and right (labral) side (C) views, 2.3x, length 19.5 mm, width 13.2 mm, height 11.9 mm, of hypotype IGM 5057, LACMIP Locality 41220b [ex CSUN Locality 1220b]. D–F. Cypraeogemmula warnerae Effinger, 1938. "Gries Ranch beds," Crescent Formation (upper part) (Eocene, "Capay Stage" to Galvinian Stage), Black Hills area, Washington. Basal (D) and dorsal (E) views, both 16x, and left (columellar) (F) view, 33x, of hypotype LACMIP 16655.37, LACMIP Type 11372, LACMIP Locality 16655 [= LACMIP Locality 41563; ex CSUN Locality 1563]. (continued on next page)
Figure 7A–C in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 7A–C. Cypraeidae, genus and species indeterminate, Lodo Formation (basal) (Paleocene, Seldanian Stage), Tumey Hills, Fresno County, central California. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and right (labral) (C) views, 1.3x, length 39 mm, width 25 mm, height 22 mm, of hypotype CASG 61666.06, CASG Locality 61666. D–F. Eocypraea batequensis (Groves, 2011), Bateque Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Mesa La Salina, Baja California Sur, México. Basal (D), dorsal (E), and right (labral) (F) views, 4.8x, length 9.4 mm, width 6.5 mm, height 5.1 mm, of holotype IGM 5174, LACMIP Locality 16951 [ex CSUN Locality1220b]. G–I. Eocypraea crescentensis (Groves, 2011), Crescent Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Larch Mountain, Black Hills area, Thurston County, Washington. Basal (G), dorsal (H), and left (columellar) (I) views, 3.9x, length 10.9 mm, width 7.6 mm, height 6.1 mm, of holotype LACMIP 16655.40, LACMIP Type 13646, LACMIP Locality 16655 [= LACMIP Locality 41563; ex CSUN Locality 1563]. J–L. Eocypraea jimgoederti (Groves, 2011), lower McIntosh Formation (middle Eocene, "Transition Stage" to "Tejon Stage"), Doty Hills, Lewis County, Washington. Basal (J), dorsal (K), and left (columellar) side (L) views, 3.5x, length 12.7 mm, width 8.2 mm, height 6.9 mm, of holotype LACMIP 41573.1, LACMIP Type 13647, LACMIP Locality 41573 [ex CSUN Locality 1573]. M–O. Eocypraea judithsmithae n. sp., Llajas Formation (Eocene, "Domengine Stage"), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (M), dorsal (N), and left (labral) (O) views, 1.5x, length 26.6 mm, width 18.4 mm, height 12.6 mm, of holotype LACMIP 40372.1, LACMIP Type 14940 (LACMIP Locality 40732).
Figure 8A–C in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 8A–C. Eocypraea novasumma (Nelson, 1925), Santa Susana Formation (Paleocene, Thanetian Stage), Runkle Canyon, north side Simi Hills, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and right-labral (C) views, 3.2x, length 17 mm, width 11.6 mm, height 9.3 mm, of holotype UCMP 30499, UCMP Locality 4776. D–F. Eocypraea takeosusukii Groves, 2011, "Martinez" Formation (Paleocene, Thanetian), Lower Lake area, Lake County, northern California. Basal (D), dorsal (E), and left-lateral (columellar) views, 2.6x, length 18.8 mm, width 14.4 mm, height 11.2 mm, of holotype LACMIP 7045.1, LACMIP Type 13645, LACMIP Locality 7045 [ex CIT Locality 1580]. G–I. Eocypraea sp., cf. E. inflata (Lamarck, 1802), "Domengine Formation" (Eocene, "Domengine Stage"), Reef Ridge, Kings County, central California. Basal (G), dorsal (H), and right (labral) (I) views, 1.8x, length 26 mm, width 17.7 mm, height 13 mm, of hypotype UCMP 15815, Locality UCMP A-1282. J–L. Eocypraea sp. Lodo Formation (basal part) (Paleocene, Thanetian Stage), Tumey Hills, Fresno County, central California. Basal (J), dorsal (K), and right (labral) (L) views, 1.5x, length 33 mm, width 21.5 mm, height 19 mm, of hypotype CASG 61666.04 [ex LSJU 10236], CASG Locality 61666 [ex LSJU Locality 2073; = UCMP Locality A-9717]. M–P. Grovesia castacensis (Stewart, 1926 [1927]), Tejon Formation (Eocene, "Tejon Stage"), Tehachapi Mountains, Kern County, southern California. Basal (M), dorsal (N), and left (columellar) (O) views, 4.5x, length 12.2 mm, width 7.8 mm, height 5.9 mm, of holotype UCMP 11690, Grapevine Canyon, UCMP Locality 452. Basal (P) view, 3.4x, length 15.5 mm, width 9.1 mm, height 6.9 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 41206.2, LACMIP Type 14941, base of Metralla Sandstone Member, Live Oak Canyon, LACMIP Locality 41206.
Figure 6 in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 6 (previous page) A–C. Protocypraea? sp. 1, Oyster Bay Formation, Paleocene, Appian Way, Central Island District, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Dorsal (A) and (B) left (columellar) views, 1.8x, length 45.5 mm, width 29 mm, height 22 mm, of CDM 997.91.3, informal locality AP3. (C) Oblique view posterior incomplete end of shell showing sunken area encircling base of spire, width of field of vision 28.7 mm. D–G. Protocypraea? sp. 2, Lodo Formation (Paleocene, Thanetian Stage), Tumey Hills, Fresno County, central California, LACMIP Locality 26456 [ex UCLA Locality 6456]. Basal (D) view, 1.6x, length 42.2 mm, width 28.6 mm, height 18.5 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 26456.6, LACMIP Type 14925, Basal (E), dorsal (F), right (labral) (G) views, 1.44x, length 50 mm, width 28 mm, height 27 mm, of hypotype UCMP 14208, UCMP Locality A9717. H–J. Gisortia clarki Ingram, 1940, Llajas Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (H), dorsal (I), and right (labral) side (J) views, 0.5x, length 121.4 mm, width 96.4 mm, height 65.9 mm, of holotype UCMP 14844, UCMP Locality 4052. K–M. Gisortia sp., Juncal Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Whitaker Peak, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (J), dorsal (K), and right (labral) side (M) views, 0.5x, length 122 mm, width 75 mm, height 51 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 16243.1, LACMIP Type 7466, LACMIP Locality 40848 [ex CSUN Locality 848].
Figure 5 in Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover
Figure 5 (previous page) A–C. Bernaya grovesi Squires and Demetrion, 1992, Bateque Formation (Eocene, "Capay Stage"), Mesa La Salina, Baja California Sur, México. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and right (labral) (C) views, all 2.6x, length 17 mm, width 12 mm, height 7.7 mm, of holotype IGM 5172, LACMIP Locality 401220a (ex CSUN Locality 1220b). D–F. Bernaya kaylinae n. sp., Llajas Formation, (Eocene, "Domengine Stage"), Las Llajas Canyon, north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (D), dorsal (E), and right (labral) side (F) views, 3.8x, length 25.6 mm, width 17.3 mm, height 12.9 mm, of holotype, LACMIP 40374.80, LACMIP Type 14938 (LACMIP Locality 40374). G–I. Bernaya squiresi Groves, 2011, unnamed Eocene strata ("Capay Stage"), southwest end of Discovery Bay, Jefferson County, Washington. Basal (G), dorsal (H), and right (labral) side (I) views, 0.97x, length 52.7 mm, width 40 mm, height 26.3 mm, of holotype LACMIP 22341.1, LACMIP Type 13644, LACMIP Locality 22341. J–L. Bernaya sp., unnamed Paleocene strata (Thanetian Stage), near Lower Lake, Lake County, northern California. Basal (J), dorsal (K), and right (labral) side (L) views, 1.7x, length 33.8 mm, width 23 mm, height 18.3 mm, hypotype LACMIP 7047.72, LACMIP Type 14923 (LACMIP Locality 7047). M–O. Protocypraea? simiensis (Nelson, 1925), Santa Susana Formation (Thanetian Stage), Simi Hills, Ventura County, Paleocene, southern California. Basal (M), dorsal (N), and right (labral) side (O) views, 1.6x, length 32.3 mm, width 24.6 mm, height 17.3 mm, of holotype UCMP 30498, UCMP Locality 3818. P.Protocypraea? sp. 1, Oyster Bay Formation, Paleocene, Appian Way, Central Island District, Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Basal view, 1.8x, length 48.1 mm, width 31.4 mm, height 25.3 mm, of CDM 997.91.3, informal locality AP3.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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