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57 results for “novel hybrid”
Dataset for Accuracy of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Plant: A Novel Approach Using Hybrid Variational Mode Decomposition and CNN-LSTM Model
<p>This research paper introduces a deep learning hybrid model employing Convolutional Neural Network Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) for short-term photovoltaic (PV) solar energy forecasting.The proposed method integrates the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) algo-rithm with the CNN-LSTM model to predict PV power generation from a solar farm in Boussada, Algeria, from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. The performance of the developed model is benchmarked against other deep learning models (VMD-CNN, VMD-LSTM, CNN-LSTM) across various time horizons (15, 30, and 60 minutes) to provide a comprehensive evaluation. Our findings exhibit greater performance of the developed model compared to other architectures, showcasing promising results in solar power forecasting. This research contributes to the main goal of enhancing EMS by providing accurate solar energy forecasts.</p>
A novel hybrid beachgrass is invading U.S. Pacific Northwest dunes with potential ecosystem consequences
<p>Invasive plants formed via hybridization, especially those that modify the structure and function of their ecosystems, are of particular concern given the potential for hybrid vigor. In the U.S. Pacific Northwest, two invasive, dune-building beachgrasses, <em>Ammophila arenaria</em> (European beachgrass) and <em>A. breviligulata</em> (American beachgrass) have hybridized and formed a new beachgrass taxa (<em>Ammophila arenaria</em> × <em>A. breviligulata</em>) but little is known about its distribution, spread, and ecological consequences. Here we report on surveys of the hybrid beachgrass conducted across a 250-km range from Moclips, Washington to Pacific City, Oregon in 2021 and 2022. We detected nearly 300 hybrid individuals, or an average of 8–14 hybrid individuals per km of surveyed foredune. The hybrid was more common at sites within southern Washington and northern Oregon where <em>A. breviligulata</em> is abundant (75–90% cover) and <em>A. arenaria</em> is sparse and patchy. The hybrid displayed morphological traits such as shoot density and height that typically exceeded its parent species suggesting hybrid vigor. We measured an average growth rate of 30% over one year, with individuals growing faster at the leading edge of the foredune, nearest the beach. We also found a positive relationship between hybrid abundance and that of <em>A. arenaria</em>, suggesting that <em>A. arenaria</em> density may be a controlling factor for hybridization rate. The hybrid showed similar sand deposition and associated plant species richness patterns compared to its parent species, although longer-term studies are needed. Finally, we found hybrid individuals within and near conservation habitat of two Endangered Species Act-listed, threatened bird species, the western snowy plover (<em>Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus</em>) and the streaked horned lark (<em>Eremophila alpestris strigata</em>), a concern for conservation management. Documenting this emerging hybrid beachgrass provides insights into how hybridization affects the spread of novel species and the consequences for communities in which they invade.</p>
Hybridization alters the shape of the genotypic fitness landscape, increasing access to novel fitness peaks during adaptive radiation
<p>Estimating the complex relationship between fitness and genotype or phenotype (i.e. the adaptive landscape) is one of the central goals of evolutionary biology. However, adaptive walks connecting genotypes to organismal fitness, speciation, and novel ecological niches are still poorly understood and processes for surmounting fitness valleys remain controversial. One outstanding system for addressing these connections is a recent adaptive radiation of ecologically and morphologically novel pupfishes (a generalist, molluscivore, and scale-eater) endemic to San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We leveraged whole-genome sequencing of 139 hybrids from two independent field fitness experiments to identify the genomic basis of fitness, estimate genotypic fitness networks, and measure the accessibility of adaptive walks on the fitness landscape. We identified 132 SNPs that were significantly associated with fitness in field enclosures. Six out of the 13 regions most strongly associated with fitness contained differentially expressed genes and fixed SNPs between trophic specialists; one gene (<em>mettl21e</em>) was also misexpressed in lab-reared hybrids, suggesting a potential intrinsic genetic incompatibility. We then constructed genotypic fitness networks from adaptive alleles and show that scale-eating specialists are the most isolated of the three species on these networks. Intriguingly, introgressed and<em> de novo</em> variants reduced fitness landscape ruggedness as compared to standing variation, increasing the accessibility of genotypic fitness paths from generalist to specialists. Our results suggest that adaptive introgression and <em>de novo</em> mutations alter the shape of the fitness landscape, providing key connections in adaptive walks circumventing fitness valleys and triggering the evolution of novelty during adaptive radiation.</p>
A Novel Hybrid Finite Element-Spectral Boundary Integral Scheme for Modeling Earthquake Cycles: Application to Rate and State Faults with Low-Velocity Zones
<p>We present a novel hybrid finite element (FE) - spectral boundary integral (SBI) scheme that enables efficient simulation of earthquake cycles. This combined FE-SBI approach captures the benefits of finite elements in modelling problems with nonlinearities, as well as the computational superiority of SBI. The domain truncation enabled by this scheme allows us to utilize high-resolution finite elements discretization to capture inhomogeneities or complexities that may exist in a narrow region surrounding the fault. Combined with an adaptive time stepping algorithm, this framework opens new opportunities for modeling earthquake cycles with high-resolution fault zone physics. In this initial study, we consider a two dimensional (2-D) anti-plane model with a vertical strike-slip fault governed by rate and state friction in the quasi-dynamic limit under the radiation damping approximation. The proposed approach is first verified using the benchmark problem BP-1 from the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) sequence of earthquake and aseismic slip (SEAS) community verification effort. The computational framework is then utilized to model the earthquake sequence and aseismic slip of a fault embedded within a low-velocity fault zone (LVFZ) with different widths and compliance levels. Our results indicate that sufficiently compliant LVFZs contribute to the emergence of sub-surface events that fail to penetrate to the free surface and may experience earthquake clusters with nonuniform inter-seismic time. Furthermore, the LVFZ leads to slip rate amplification relative to the homogeneous elastic case. We discuss the implications of our results for understanding earthquake complexity as an interplay of fault friction and bulk heterogeneities. The complete work consists of all files listed below. </p>
On the fast track: Hybrids adapt more rapidly than parental populations in a novel environment
<p>Rates of hybridization are predicted to increase due to climate change and human activity that cause redistribution of species and bring previously isolated populations into contact. At the same time, climate change leads to rapid changes in the environment, requiring populations to adapt rapidly in order to survive. A few empirical cases suggest hybridization can facilitate adaptation despite its potential for incompatibilities and deleterious fitness consequences. Here we use simulations and Fisher's Geometric model to evaluate the conditions and time frame of adaptation via hybridization in both diploids and haplodiploids. We find that hybrids adapt faster to new environments compared to parental populations in nearly all simulated scenarios, generating a fitness advantage that can offset intrinsic incompatibilities and last for tens of generations, regardless of whether the population was diploid or haplodiploid. Our results highlight the creative role of hybridization and suggest that hybridization may help contemporary populations adapt to the changing climate. However, adaptation by hybrids may well happen at the cost of reduced biodiversity, if previously isolated lineages collapse into one.</p>
Biomass potential via light interception of novel miscanthus hybrids from field trials
<p>New biomass crop hybrids for bioeconomic expansion require yield projections to determine their potential for strategic land use planning in the face of global challenges. Our biomass growth simulation incorporates radiation interception and conversion efficiency. Models often use leaf area to predict interception which is demanding to determine accurately, so instead, we use low-cost rapid light interception measurements using a simple lab-made line ceptometer and relate the dynamics of canopy closure to thermal time, and to measurements of biomass. We apply the model to project the European biomass potentials of new market-ready hybrids for 2020–30. Field measurements are easier to collect, the calibration is seasonally dynamic and reduces influence of weather variation between field sites. The model obtained is conservative, being calibrated by crops of varying establishment and varying maturity on less productive (marginal) land. This results in conservative projections of miscanthus hybrids for 2020-30 based on 10% land use conversion of the least (productive) grassland and arable for farm diversification, which show a European potential of 80.7–89.7 Mt y<sup>-1</sup> biomass, with potential for 1.2-1.3 EJ y<sup>-1</sup> energy and 36.3–40.3 Mt y<sup>-1</sup> carbon capture, with seeded <em>M. sacchariflorus</em> x <em>sinensis</em> displaying highest yield potential. Simulated biomass projections must be viewed in light of the field measurements on less productive land with high soil water deficits. We are attempting to model results from an ambitious and novel project combining new hybrids across Europe with agronomy which has not been perfected on less productive sites. Nevertheless, at a time of energy sourcing issues, seed-propagated miscanthus hybrids for the upscaled provision of bioenergy offer an alternative source of renewable energy. If European countries provide incentives for growers to invest, seeded hybrids can improve product availability and biomass yields over the current commercial miscanthus variety.</p>
Non-additive genetic effects induce novel phenotypic distributions in male mating traits of F1 hybrids
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Hybridization alters the shape of the genotypic fitness landscape, increasing access to novel fitness peaks during adaptive radiation
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A novel approach for pollen identification and quantification using hybrid capture-based DNA metabarcoding
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Data from: Effectiveness of novel hybrid mangrove living shorelines is context dependent
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On the fast track: Hybrids adapt more rapidly than parental populations in a novel environment
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Biomass potential via light interception of novel miscanthus hybrids from field trials
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A novel hybrid beachgrass is invading U.S. Pacific Northwest dunes with potential ecosystem consequences
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Novel hybrid finds a peri-urban niche: Allen's Hummingbirds in southern California
<p>Species range expansions and contractions can have ecological and genetic consequences, and thus are important areas of study for conservation. Hybridization and introgression are not uncommon in closely related populations that experience secondary contact during a range expansion. Allen's Hummingbird (<i>Selasphorus sasin</i>) in California comprises two subspecies: the migratory <i>S. s. sasin,</i> which winters in central Mexico and breeds in central and northern California, and the resident <i>S. s. sedentarius</i>, which lives and breeds year-round on several of the Channel Islands off the California coast. Within recent decades, Allen's Hummingbirds have been found living and breeding year-round in the southern California peri-urban mainland near Los Angeles. Ornithologists assumed that the L.A. birds were an expansion of the island subspecies, <i>S. s. sedentarius</i> due to similar but very subtle morphological characteristics. <span>However, the genetic relationships among the three putative populations of Allen's hummingbird—migratory, southern California mainland, and island—are unknown. We investigated these relationships by analyzing variation of single nucleotide polymorphisms from the three geographic regions where S. sasin are present. Our population genomic analyses indicate that </span><i><span>S. sasin</span></i><span> hummingbirds inhabiting mainland southern California are a hybrid </span><span>population resulting from admixture between <i>S. s. sasin</i> and <i>S. s. sedentarius</i>. From one perspective, these results may be interpreted as a positive development for <i>S. s. sasin</i> as the growing population represent an overall increase in the <i>S. sasin</i> population, and the expanding population contains a significant representation of <i>S. s. sasin</i> alleles.</span></p>
Data from: Hybridization between genetically modified Atlantic salmon and wild brown trout reveals novel ecological interactions
Interspecific hybridization is a route for transgenes from genetically modified (GM) animals to invade wild populations, yet the ecological effects and potential risks that may emerge from such hybridization are unknown. Through experimental crosses, we demonstrate transmission of a growth hormone transgene via hybridization between a candidate for commercial aquaculture production, GM Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and closely related wild brown trout (S. trutta). Transgenic hybrids were viable and grew more rapidly than transgenic salmon and other non-transgenic crosses in hatchery-like conditions. In stream mesocosms designed to more closely emulate natural conditions, transgenic hybrids appeared to express competitive dominance and suppressed the growth of transgenic and non-transgenic (wild-type) salmon by 82% and 54%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of environmental impacts of hybridization between a GM animal and a closely related species. These results provide empirical evidence of the first steps towards introgression of foreign transgenes into the genomes of new species and contribute to the growing evidence that transgenic animals have complex and context-specific interactions with wild populations. We suggest that interspecific hybridization be explicitly considered when assessing the environmental consequences should transgenic animals escape to nature.
Data from: Hybridization alters early life-history traits and increases plant colonization success in a novel region
Hybridization is hypothesized to promote invasiveness, but empirical tests comparing the performance of hybrid versus parental taxa in novel regions are lacking. We experimentally compared colonization ability of populations of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) versus populations of advanced-generation hybrids between wild and cultivated radish (R. sativus) in a southeast Texas pasture, well beyond the known invasive range of hybrid radish. We also manipulated the strength of interspecific competition to better generalize across variable environments. In both competitive environments, hybrid populations produced at least three times more seeds than wild radish populations, a distinction that was driven by greater hybrid seedling emergence, earlier hybrid emergence and more hybrid seedlings surviving to flower, rather than by greater individual fecundity. Flowering duration in hybrids was less negatively affected by competition than it was in wild radishes, while early emergence was associated with subsequent high seed output in both biotypes. Our data show that hybridization can enhance colonization success in a novel region, and, by comparison with previous studies, that the life-history traits enhancing hybrid success can differ across regions, even for lineages originating from the same hybridization event. These results imply a much larger arena for hybrid success than previously appreciated.
A novel hybrid thermal management approach towards high-voltage battery pack for electric vehicles
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Novel formulations for developing fresh hybrid cheese analogues utilizing fungal-fermented brewery side-stream flours
<p>Datasets corresponding to the main and supplementary material of the research article "<span>Novel formulations for developing fresh hybrid cheese analogues utilizing fungal-fermented brewery side-stream flours</span> ". This research paper was a result of a scientific project which was part of the European Union's HORIZON 2020 with the acronym SMARTPROTEIN. </p>
Lymph Node Staging System With a Novel Concept for Gastric Cancer: a Hybrid Type of Topographic and Numeric Ones
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01961791. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Data from: Hybridization alters early life-history traits and increases plant colonization success in a novel region
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.