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7 results for “paleotemperatures”
Maps of interpolated paleotemperatures in Western Europe from MIS 14 to MIS 11
<p>To support the ecological model of the study Rodríguez et al. (2020, in review), five BIOCLIM variables (BIO1, BIO6, BIO10, BIO11 and BIO12) were computed from the Oscillayers dataset, for 11 subdivisions of the Marine Isotope Stages MIS 14 to MIS 11, as defined in (Rodríguez et al 2020, in review).<br> Oscillayers is a global‐scale and region‐specific BIOCLIM paleoclimatic datasets with high temporal resolution spanning the Plio‐Pleistocene, facilitating the study of climatic oscillations during the last 5.4 million years at high spatial (2.5 arc‐minutes) and temporal (10 kyr time periods) resolution (Gamisch, 2019).<br> BIOCLIM is a model designed for Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) that defines a set of 19 bioclimatic variables derived from monthly temperature and rainfall values in order to obtain biologically meaningful variables that are commonly used in ecology to model species or biome distributions (Booth et al., 2014; Nix, 1986).<br> The GIS computation was conducted using GRASS GIS map algebra (Shapiro & Westervelt, 1991) scripted via its Python API. The according Python scripts are attached to this dataset.</p>
Maps of interpolated paleotemperatures in Western Europe from MIS 14 to MIS 11
<p>To support the ecological model of the study Rodríguez et al. (2020, in review), five BIOCLIM variables (BIO1, BIO6, BIO10, BIO11) were computed from the Oscillayers dataset, for 11 subdivisions of the Marine Isotope Stages MIS 14 to MIS 11, as defined in (Rodríguez et al 2020, in review).<br> Oscillayers is a global‐scale and region‐specific BIOCLIM paleoclimatic datasets with high temporal resolution spanning the Plio‐Pleistocene, facilitating the study of climatic oscillations during the last 5.4 million years at high spatial (2.5 arc‐minutes) and temporal (10 kyr time periods) resolution (Gamisch, 2019).<br> BIOCLIM is a model designed for Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) that defines a set of 19 bioclimatic variables derived from monthly temperature and rainfall values in order to obtain biologically meaningful variables that are commonly used in ecology to model species or biome distributions (Booth et al., 2014; Nix, 1986).<br> The GIS computation was conducted using GRASS GIS map algebra (Shapiro & Westervelt, 1991) scripted via its Python API. The according Python scripts are attached to this dataset.</p>
Data from: Paleotemperatures and recurrent habitat shifts drive diversification of treefrogs across distinct biodiversity hotspots in sub-Amazonian South America
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: We investigate the biogeographic history and diversification in a treefrog lineage distributed in contrasting (open and forested) ecoregions of South America, including three biodiversity hotspots. We evaluate the role of dispersal and whether other factors such as diversity-dependence or paleotemperatures could explain the diversification pattern for this group. Especially focusing on the savanna endemics, we illuminate on processes governing the species assembly and evolution of the Cerrado savanna.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: South American ecoregions south of the Amazon (e.g. Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Araucaria Forest, Pampas, Central and Southern Andes).</p> <p><strong>Taxon</strong>: Boana pulchella group.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We built the most complete time-calibrated phylogeny for the group to date. We then reconstructed ancestral ranges using the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis (DEC) model comparing different dispersal scenarios considering distance, adjacency and ecological similarity among regions. A center-of-origin hypothesis in forest versus open ecoregions was also tested. Using biogeographical stochastic mapping, we additionally estimated the contribution of range shifts across different biomes. Lastly, we evaluated several diversification models, including the effect of time, diversity-dependence and temperature-dependence on speciation and extinction rates.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The Boana pulchella group originated during the Early Miocene (~17.5 MYA) and underwent high speciation rates during the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum, with a decreasing trend following the Miocene Climatic Transition. We found no support for a single ecoregion acting as a center of origin and diversification; instead, we inferred recurrent range shifts with dispersal among dissimilar adjacent ecoregions. Speciation linearly dependent on paleotemperatures, with either no or very low constant extinction rates, best explained the slowdown diversification pattern.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong>: Our results support a species assembly of Cerrado savanna in South America during the Miocene with intermittent interchange with rainforest habitats. Past climate changes impacted the rate new species originated with apparently no impact on extinction. Finally, the repeated habitat shifts among open/dry and forested/humid ecoregions, rather than long-term in-situ diversification in single areas, highlights the very dynamic historical interchange between contrasting habitats in South America, possibly contributing to its high species diversity.</p>
Validation of the UK'37 paleotemperature proxy in the South Brazilian Bight from core-top sediments
<p>Alkenone unsaturation index, water depth temperature, and nutrient concentration from the South Brazilian Bight (SBB). Temperature and nutrient content were retrieved from the World Ocean Atlas 2018. Residual analyses were performed using six paleoequations against observed temperature from WOA18. The PCA analysis was performed using alkenone unsaturation index, temperature, and nutrient data from each data point.</p>
Late Miocene to Pliocene calcareous nannofossil assemblage records and paleotemperature gradients from the NW Australian shelf (IODP Sites U1463, U1464)
<p>IODP Expedition 356 drilled on the northwestern (NW) Australian shelf, recovering Miocene-Pleistocene sediments in an area where climate archives are scarce. In this work we investigated cores from two sites that are situated in two adjacent basins (IODP Site U1463 and U1464). Our analysis includes astronomically tuned records of relative abundance (%) and accumulation rates (N/cm<sup>2</sup> kyr) of the most common calcareous nannofossil species, estimates of the Shannon diversity index, as well as a ratio between dominant taxonomic groups termed the nannofossil stratification index (NSI) . Additionally, paleotemperature gradients between the NW Australian shelf area and the eastern Indian Ocean were calculated from previously published records. All the above records were used to reconstruct regional ocean circulation patterns, the relative intensity of seasonally flowing boundary currents, as well as changes in paleoproductivity and species dominance in the area between 6-3.5 million years ago (Ma).</p>
Data from: Paleotemperatures and recurrent habitat shifts drive diversification of treefrogs across distinct biodiversity hotspots in sub-Amazonian South America
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Estimation of paleotemperature recorded in carbonaceous fault rocks by rock magnetism and vitrinite reflectance — A study from the Haiyuan fault zone in northeastern Tibetan Plateau
<p>A dataset for the article of "<strong>Estimation of paleotemperature recorded in carbonaceous fault rocks by rock magnetism and vitrinite reflectance — A study from the Haiyuan fault zone in northeastern Tibetan Plateau</strong>"</p>
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