Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
53
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
53 results for “parasite abundance”
Fig. 2 Parasite abundance and distribution statistics. A in Hardly Venus's servant-morphological adaptations of Veneriserva to an endoparasitic lifestyle and its phylogenetic position within Dorvilleidae (Annelida)
Fig. 2 Parasite abundance and distribution statistics. A total of 58 Aphrodita longipalpa were dissected and examined for parasite presence. The upper horizontal bars graphically depict the proportional parasitism rates and the corresponding distribution among male, female, and juvenile parasites, along with various cohabitation configurations. The box plots show the relationship between host size and the occurrence of parasites, presented collectively and then individually for female, male, and juvenile parasites
Fig. 3 in Seasonal variation in the abundance and distribution of ticks that parasitize Microcebus griseorufus at the BezàMahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar
Fig. 3. Possible life cycle of H. lemuris. Peak activity for larvae occurs in May, but larvae may be found feeding into June and October. Larvae attach to Microcebus hosts and after a blood meal, fall off and molt into nymphs. Nymphs are active and feed on Microcebus throughout the dry season and likely feed on other lemurs during part of the wet season. Adult-stage ticks remain active during the wet season, feeding on larger-bodied lemurs, such as L. catta, and P. verreauxi. Engorged females fall off and lay eggs in leaf litter. It is possible that all four stages can diapause if no suitable hosts or conditions are found (gray dotted line). Mice or rats may also serve as hosts to larvae during the dry season.
Fig. 1. Monthly averages for A in Seasonal variation in the abundance and distribution of ticks that parasitize Microcebus griseorufus at the BezàMahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar
Fig. 1. Monthly averages for A) tick intensity on mouse lemurs as it compares to B) rainfall and C) temperature, during the year-long study season. Shaded area indicates months included in the dry season. Environmental data were collected daily.
Fig. 2 in Seasonal variation in the abundance and distribution of ticks that parasitize Microcebus griseorufus at the BezàMahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar
Fig. 2. Differences in infestation rates at Parcel 1 by A) sex B) substrate C) males and substrate and D) females and substrate. * indicates P <0.05, **P <0.01; ***P <0.001 and compares variables on the x-axis.
Fig. 4 in Experimental manipulation of cavity temperature produces differential effects on parasite abundances in blue tit nests at two different latitudes
Fig. 4. Differences in the body mass of adult blue tit males by heat treatment of nest boxes and locality. Means ± intervals of confidence at 95% are shown.
Fig. 2 in Experimental manipulation of cavity temperature produces differential effects on parasite abundances in blue tit nests at two different latitudes
Fig. 2. Blowfly pupae abundance observed in control and heated nests of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) in both localities (Spain and Germany). The data presented was controlled for the locality and the interaction between locality and treatment. Means ± intervals of confidence at 95% are shown.
Fig. 3 in Experimental manipulation of cavity temperature produces differential effects on parasite abundances in blue tit nests at two different latitudes
Fig. 3. Differences in the abundance of Haemoproteus/Plasmodium in blue tit males by treatment and locality. Means ± intervals of confidence at 95% are shown.
Fig. 1 in Experimental manipulation of cavity temperature produces differential effects on parasite abundances in blue tit nests at two different latitudes
Fig. 1. Daily variation of temperature in nests of blue tits. Temperature is decreasing at 00:00 and lower values for the day are attained close to 8:00 h. Data from two different nests with nestling of 7 days old are represented from A) Spain and B) Germany.
Can predators stabilize host-parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alters amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages
<p><span><span>The role of parasites can change depending on the food web community. Predators, for instance, can amplify or dilute parasite </span><span>effects on their hosts. Likewise, exposure to parasites or predators at one life stage can have long-term consequences on individual performance and survival, which can influence population and disease dynamics. To understand how predators affect amphibian parasite infections across life stages, we manipulated exposure of northern leopard frog (<em>Rana pipiens</em>) tadpoles to three predators (crayfish [<em>Orconectes rusticus</em>], bluegill [<em>Lepomis macrochirus</em>], or mosquitofish [<em>Gambusia affinis</em>]) and to trematode parasites (<em>Echinostoma</em> spp.) in mesocosms and followed juveniles in outdoor terrestrial enclosures through overwintering. Parasites and predators both had strong impacts on metamorphosis with bluegill and parasites individually reducing metamorph survival. However, when fish were present, the negative effects of parasites on survival were not apparent, likely because fish altered community composition via increased algal food resources. Bluegill also reduced snail abundance, which could explain the reduced abundance of parasites in surviving metamorphs. Bluegill and parasite exposure increased mass at metamorphosis, which increased metamorph jumping, swimming, and feeding performance, suggesting larger frogs would experience better terrestrial survival. Effects on size at metamorphosis persisted in the terrestrial environment but did not influence overwintering survival. Based on our results, we constructed stage-structured population models to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of bluegill and parasites on population dynamics. Our models suggested that the positive effects of bluegill and parasites on body size may have greater effects on population growth than the direct effects of mortality.</span> <span>This study illustrates how predators can alter the outcome of parasitic infections and highlights the need for long-term experiments that investigate how changes in host-parasite systems alter population dynamics. We show some predators reduce parasite effects and have indirect positive effects on surviving individuals potentially increasing host population persistence. </span></span></p>
Data and Code for: Resistance is futile: Weaker selection for resistance by abundant parasites increases prevalence and depresses host density
<p>We model host evolution of costly resistance to infection and its dependence on environmental factors, such as nutrients. We find that higher nutrients can increase infection prevalence AND select for lower resistance. In turn, the model predicts that lower resistance drives infection prevalence even higher while depressing host density. The attached code performs the model analysis, produces the published figures, and conducts statistical analysis on the data (described below). We conducted a mesocosm experiment with mixtures of zooplankton host (<em>Daphnia dentifera</em>) genotypes, algal resources (<em>Ankistrodesmus falcatus</em>), and fungal parasites (<em>Metschnikowia bicuspidata</em>). Mesocosm populations were supplied with low or high nutrients (5 or 50 ug/L phosphorus and 100 or 1000 ug/L nitrogen). We measured densities of hosts along with age class (juvenile or adult), sex, infections status, and egg number and chlorophyll densities; these data are a subset of data published previously Walsman et al. <em>Functional Ecology </em>(<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14030">https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14030</a>; data at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m905zg">https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m905zg</a>). For the first time, we also report genotype frequencies for the mixed genotype treatments. Importantly, we found that high nutrients increased infection prevalence as well as selecting for the host genotype less resistant to infection; the resulting host evolution increased infection prevalence further and depressed host density. These data and code may be reused with citation of the corresponding publication ("'Resistance is futile': Weaker selection for resistance by abundant parasites increases prevalence and depresses host density" in <em>The American Naturalist</em>).</p>
Can predators stabilize host-parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alters amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data and Code for: Resistance is futile: Weaker selection for resistance by abundant parasites increases prevalence and depresses host density
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Parasite transmission stage abundance varies in lakes over time and space
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
It's a wormy world: Meta-analysis reveals several decades of change in the global abundance of the parasitic nematodes Anisakis spp. and Pseudoterranova spp. in marine fishes and invertebrates
<p>The Anthropocene has brought substantial change to ocean ecosystems, but whether this age will bring more or less marine disease is unknown. In recent years, the accelerating tempo of epizootic and zoonotic disease events has made it seem as if disease is on the rise. Is this apparent increase in disease due to increased observation and sampling effort, or to an actual rise in the abundance of parasites and pathogens? We examined the literature to track long-term change in the abundance of two parasitic nematode genera with zoonotic potential: <em>Anisakis</em> spp. and <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. These anisakid nematodes cause the disease anisakidosis and are transmitted to humans in undercooked and raw marine seafood. A total of 123 papers published between 1967 and 2017 met our criteria for inclusion, from which we extracted 755 host–parasite–location–year combinations. Of these, 69.7% concerned <em>Anisakis</em> spp. and 30.3% focused on <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. Meta-regression revealed an increase in <em>Anisakis</em> spp. abundance (average number of worms/ fish) over a 53 year period from 1962 to 2015 and no significant change in <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. abundance over a 37 year period from 1978 to 2015. Standardizing changes to the period of 1978–2015, so that results are comparable between genera, we detected a significant 283-fold increase in <em>Anisakis</em> spp. abundance and no change in the abundance of <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. This increase in <em>Anisakis</em> spp. abundance may have implications for human health, marine mammal health, and fisheries profitability.</p>
Code from: Costs of parasite generalism revealed by abundance patterns across mammalian hosts
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Parasite abundance-occupancy relationships across biogeographic regions: Joint effects of niche breadth, host availability, and climate
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
It's a wormy world: Meta-analysis reveals several decades of change in the global abundance of the parasitic nematodes Anisakis spp. and Pseudoterranova spp. in marine fishes and invertebrates
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Experimental warming influences species abundances in a Drosophila host community through direct effects on species performance rather than altered competition and parasitism
<p>Current global warming trends are expected to have direct effects on species through their sensitivity to temperature, as well as on their biotic interactions, with cascading indirect effects on species, communities, and entire ecosystems. To predict the community-level consequences of global change we need to understand the relative roles of both the direct and indirect effects of warming. We used a laboratory experiment to investigate how warming affects a tropical community of three species of <em>Drosophila</em> hosts interacting with two species of parasitoids over a single generation. Our experimental design allowed us to distinguish between the direct effects of temperature on host species performance, and indirect effects through altered biotic interactions (competition among hosts and parasitism by parasitoid wasps). Although experimental warming significantly decreased parasitism for all host-parasitoid pairs, the effects of parasitism and competition on host communities did not vary across temperatures. Instead, effects on host relative abundances were species-specific, with one host species dominating the community at warmer temperatures, independently of parasitism and competition treatments. Our results show that temperature shaped a <em>Drosophila </em>host community directly through differences in species’ thermal performance, and not via its influences on biotic interactions.</p>
Data from: Abundance data applied to a novel model invertebrate host sheds new light on parasite community assembly in nature
<ol> <li>Understanding how environmental drivers influence the assembly of parasite communities, in addition to how parasites may interact at an infracommunity level, are fundamental requirements for the study of parasite ecology. Knowledge of how parasite communities are assembled will help to predict the risk of parasitism for hosts, and model how parasite communities may change under variable conditions. However, studies frequently rely on presence-absence data and examine multiple host species or sites, metrics which may be too coarse to characterise nuanced within-host patterns.</li> <li>We utilised a novel host system, the freshwater mussel <i>Anodonta anatina</i>, to investigate the drivers of community structure and explore parasite interactions. In addition, we aimed to highlight consistencies and inconsistencies between presence-absence and abundance data.</li> <li>Our analysis incorporated 14 parasite taxa and 720 replicate infracommunities. Using redundancy analysis, a joint species distribution model and a Markov random fields approach, we modelled the impact of both host-level and environment-level characteristics on parasite structure, as well as parasite-parasite correlations after accounting for all other factors. This approach was repeated for both the presence and abundance of all parasites.</li> <li>We demonstrated that the regional species pool, individual host characteristics (mussel length and gravidity) and predicted parasite-parasite interactions are all important but to varying degrees across parasite species, suggesting that applying generalities to parasite community construction is too simplistic. Further, we showed that presence-absence data fails to capture important density-dependent effects of parasite load for parasites with high abundance, and in general performs poorly for high-intensity parasites.</li> <li>Host and parasite traits, as well as broader environmental factors, all contribute to parasite community structure, emphasising that an integrated approach is required to study community assembly. However, care must be taken with the data used to infer patterns, as presence-absence data may lead to incorrect ecological inference.</li> </ol>
Data from: Strong population structure deduced from genetics, otolith chemistry and parasite abundances explains vulnerability to localised fishery collapse in a large Sciaenid fish, Protonibea diacanthus
As pressure on coastal marine resources is increasing globally, the need to quantitatively assess vulnerable fish stocks is crucial in order to avoid the ecological consequences of stock depletions. Species of Sciaenidae (croakers, drums) are important components of tropical and temperate fisheries and are especially vulnerable to exploitation. The black-spotted croaker, Protonibea diacanthus, is the only large sciaenid in coastal waters of northern Australia where it is targeted by commercial, recreational and indigenous fishers due to its food value and predictable aggregating behaviour. Localised declines in the abundance of this species have been observed, highlighting the urgent requirement by managers for information on fine and broad-scale population connectivity. This study examined the population structure of P. diacanthus across northwestern Australia using three complementary methods: genetic variation in microsatellite markers, otolith elemental composition and parasite assemblage composition. The genetic analyses demonstrated that there were at least five genetically distinct populations across the study region, with gene flow most likely restricted by inshore biogeographic barriers such as the Dampier Peninsula. The otolith chemistry and parasite analyses also revealed strong spatial variation among locations within broad-scale regions, suggesting fine-scale location fidelity within the lifetimes of individual fish. The complementarity of the three techniques elucidated patterns of connectivity over a range of spatial and temporal scales. We conclude that fisheries stock assessments and management are required at fine scales (100's km) to account for the restricted exchange among populations (stocks) and to prevent localised extirpations of this species. Realistic management arrangements may involve the successive closure and opening of fishing areas to reduce fishing pressure.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.