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Data from: Stochastic phenotypic switching arises in response to directional selection in experimentally evolved multicellular yeast.
<p><span lang="EN">This BBC_2025__README.txt file was generated on 2025-09-24 by Beatriz Baselga Cervera</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">GENERAL INFORMATION</span></p> <ol> <li><span lang="EN">Title of Dataset and code: Data from: Stochastic phenotypic switching arises in response to directional selection in experimentally evolved multicellular yeast.</span></li> </ol> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">2. Author Information</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Corresponding Investigator</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Name: Ph.D. Beatriz Baselga-Cervera</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Institution: University of Minnesota Twin cities, Minnesota, US.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Email: <a href="mailto:bbaselga@umn.edu"><span>bbaselga@umn.edu</span></a>; beabaselga@gmail.com</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Co-investigator 1</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Name: Ph.D. Nahui <span>Olin Medina-Chávez</span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Institution: University of Minnesota Twin cities, Minnesota, US.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Email: nmedinac@umn.edu</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Co-investigator 2</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Name: Ph.D. Noah Gettle</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Institution: Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Email: nbgettle@gmail.com </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Co-investigator 3</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Name: Ph.D. Michael Travisano</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Institution: University of Minnesota Twin cities, Minnesota, US.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Email: travisan@umn.edu</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">3. Data collectors: Ph.D. Beatriz Baselga-Cervera, Ph.D. Nahui Olin Medina-Chávez & Ph.D. Noah Gettle.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">4. Date of data collection: 2022-2024</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">5. Geographic location of data collection: Saint Paul, US</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">6. Funding sources that supported the collection of the data: Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero, Madrid, Spain (BBC).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">7. Recommended citation for this dataset: Baselga-Cervera et al. (2024), Data from: Stochastic phenotypic switching arises in response to directional selection in experimentally evolved multicellular yeast.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">DATA & FILE OVERVIEW</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">8. Description of dataset</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">In this study, we address whether stochastic phenotypic switching can shape biological diversity contributing to evolutionary change across the transition from singles cells to multicellular clutters in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae </em>multicellular yeast system. Populations characterization was conducted with a Coulter Counter multisize 4, a FlowCam 3, under the optic microscope, via ACE2 gene sequencing and RNA sequencing and mathematical modeling. The populations studied were the genetically uniform diploid wild-type <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>). </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">9. File list:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Coulter Counter size distribution data: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 1 name: File_1_Coulter_Counter_Counts_20h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 1 description: Size distributions of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockout, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 20-hours growth. Data for: Fig. 1A, Fig. 3A and Fig. S2, Table S2 and Table S3.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 2 name: File_2_Coulter_Counter_Counts_24h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 2 description: Size distributions of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockout, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 24-hours growth. Data for: Fig. 1A, Fig. 3A, Fig. S2, Table S2 and Table S3. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 3 name: File_3_Coulter_Counter_Counts_48h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 3 description: Size distributions of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockout, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 48-hours growth. Data for: Fig. 1, Fig. 3A, Fig. S2, Table S2 and Table S3.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File name: File_4_Coulter_Counter_Counts_Constructed_strains_diversity.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 4 description: Size distributions of the constructed ACE2 knockout and a strain containing the homozygous missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 24h growth. Size distributions were obtained from populations before (initial) and five resuspended colonies obtained from small-size particles by plating the top fraction of the population after gravitational selection from three isolates per strain. Data for: Fig. 1, Fig. S2, Table S2 and Table S3.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 5 name: File_5_Coulter_Counter_Counts_Selection_Experiment.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 5 description: Size distributions of C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains in YPD at 24h growth. Size distributions from the selection experiment for small-size particles by plating the top fraction of the population after gravitational selection over three cycles of selection. Data for: Fig. 2B and Fig. S6.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 6 name: File_6_Coulter_Counter_Counts_12h.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 6 description: Size distributions of C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockout, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 12-hours growth. Data for: Fig. 3A and Fig. S3. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">FlowCam data:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 7 name: File_7_Rawdata_FlowCam_all.csv </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 7 description: FlowCam data from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 c.1934 A>T) in YPD at 24h growth. Data for: Fig. S4. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Data generated statistically:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 8 name: File_8_C1W8.2_overlapPairs_Selection_Experiment.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 8 description: overlapping indexes (η) of the KDE distributions were computed using the R-package ‘overlapping’ from the Coulter Counter data of the C1W8.2 derived strain over the selection experiment. Data for: Fig. S6D.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 9 name: File_9_C1W8.1_overlapPairs_Selection_Experiment.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 9 description: overlapping indexes (η) of the KDE distributions were computed using the R-package ‘overlapping’ from the Coulter Counter data</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">of the C1W8.1 derived strain over the selection experiment. Data for: Fig. S6C.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 10 name: File_10_ overlapPairs_Constructed_strains_diversity.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 10 description: overlapping indexes (η) of the KDE distributions were computed using the R-package ‘overlapping’ from the Coulter Counter data</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">of the constructed ACE2 knockout and a strain containing the homozygous missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 24h growth. Size distributions were obtained from populations before (initial) and after gravitational selection of five resuspended colonies from three isolates per strain. Data for: Fig. S7.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Data from ImageJ:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 11 name: File_11_ImageJ_analyses.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 11 description: ImageJ analyses of the microphotographs from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>). Cultures were grown in culture tubes with 10 ml of media, 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 10 mL and 30 mL of media, in YPD under non-shaking and shaking at 250 rpm. YPD media was used across all conditions. Cultures were assessed after 24 hours growth at 30°C.<span> </span>Microphotographs of each condition and strain were obtained with a Nikon TE2000 microscope using 10x objective.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Pictures:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 12 name: File_12_ FlowCam_Pictures.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 12 description FlowCam IMAGES from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 24h growth. Data for: Fig. 1B. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 13 name: File_13_Microphotography_controled_experimental_conditions.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 13 description: Microphotographs<em> </em>from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>). Cultures were grown in culture tubes with 10 mL of media, 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 10 mL and 30 mL of media, in YPD under non-shaking and shaking at 250 rpm. YPD media was used across all conditions. Cultures were assessed after 24 hours of growth at 30°C. Pictures were obtained with a Nikon TE2000 microscope using 10x objective.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Mathematical Model</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 14 name: File_14_Mathematical_model.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 14 description: Mathematical model R code and generated values. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">ARN data</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 15 name: File_15_rnaseq-final-results-Top_v_Bottom.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 15 description: RNA analyses final results Top vs Bottom phenotypic subdistributions. Top is used as control. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 16 name: File_16_Variant_Call_format_file.vcf</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 16 description: Variant Calling analyses of the sample ARN sample <em>Top 1. </em>Adhesion number: SRR32105384. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Time-lapse videos</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 17 name: Supp. Video 1. C1W8.1 from 17 to 22 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 17 description: Supplementary Video 1. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast video between 17 and 22 hours of growth (C1W8.1-derived strain) — time-lapse video of the formation of a single-cell propagule from a multicellular cluster<strong>. </strong></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 18 name: Supp. Video 2. Ace2x2KO over 26 hours growth.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 18 description: Supplementary Video 2. <em>ace2Δ knockout</em> constructed strain growth — time-lapse video of a single large multicellular cluster over 26 hours. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 19 name: Supp. Video 3. C1W8.1 over 6 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 19 description: Supplementary Video 3. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast growth between 6 and 12 hours of growth (C1W8.1-derived strain). </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 20 name: Supp. Video 4. C1W8.1 over 24 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 20 description: Supplementary Video 4. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast growth over 24 hours (C1W8.1-derived strain) — cell division stops in small ancestral-like phenotypes. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 21 name: Supp. Video 5. Ace2x2KO over 24 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 21 description: Supplementary Video 5. <em>ace2Δ knockout</em> constructed strain growth — time-lapse video of multiple large multicellular clusters over 24 hours. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 22 name: Supp. Video 6. Ace2x2missense from 0 to 3h45m hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 22 description: Supplementary Video 6. <em>ace2Δ missense</em> constructed strain growth — time-lapse video of multiple large multicellular clusters up to 3 hours 45 min. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Strains: ancestral wildtype (Y55 strains), C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular derived strains isolated after 60 days of selection in YPD media, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Media: Growth media used in this study were Yeast Peptone Dextrose media (YPD; 1% (v/w) yeast extract, 2% (v/w) peptone, 2% (v/w) D-glucose, pH 5.8).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Phenotypic characterization of the different strains was conducted in a Coulter Counter Multisizer 4 and FlowCam® 3.0 Fluid Imaging Technologies, optic microscopy and a mathematical model. Replicate populations of different individual isolates per strain were analyzed to obtain the population distributions in YPD media.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">RNA was extracted using an Invitrogen® PureLink RNA Mini Kit. Three out of four extracted samples per treatment with the highest RNA integrity score were submitted for TrueSeq Stranded RNA-Seq. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">10. Detailed description</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>●<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">Coulter Counter size distribution data of all the populations: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 1 name: File_1_Coulter_Counter_Counts_20h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 1 description: strains naming convention; strain_Isolate_run.pseudoreplicate. Strains: ace2x2m=strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 c.1934 A>T); ace2x2= ACE2 knockout; C1W8.1= C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain; C1W8.2= C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain; Y55= ancestral strain.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Columns 3 to the last column: strains counts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 2 name: File_2_Coulter_Counter_Counts_24h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 2 description: strains naming convention; strain_Isolate_run.pseudoreplicate. Strains: ace2x2m=strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 c.1934 A>T); ace2x2= ACE2 knockout; C1W8.1= C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain; C1W8.2= C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain; Y55= ancestral strain.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Columns 3 to the last column: strains counts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 3 name: File_3_Coulter_Counter_Counts_48h.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 3 description: strains naming convention; strain_Isolate_run.pseudoreplicate. Strains: ace2x2m=strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 c.1934 A>T); ace2x2= ACE2 knockout; C1W8.1= C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain; C1W8.2= C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain; Y55= ancestral strain.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3 to the last column: strains counts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File_4_Coulter_Counter_Counts_Constructed_strains_diversity.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 4 description: strains naming convention; strain_Isolate_colony_run.pseudoreplicate. Strains: ace2x2m=strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 c.1934 A>T); ace2x2= ACE2 knockout.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3 to the last column: strains counts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File_5_Coulter_Counter_Counts_Selection_Experiment.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 5 description: strains naming convention; strain_colony.phenotype_selection.cycle_run.pseudoreplicate. Strains: C1W8.2= C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain and C1W8.1= C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3 to the last column: strains counts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 6 name: File_6_Coulter_Counter_Counts_12h.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 6 description: Size distributions of C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockout, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 12-hours growth. Data for: Fig. 3A and Fig. S3. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Volume (um3)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Diameter (um2)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: Time</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 4: replicate</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 5: Strain name (strain_f)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 6: Isolate (isolate_f)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 7 name: File_3_Rawdata_Flowcam_all.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 7 description: strains naming convention; ace2_isolate= ACE2 knockout;</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Ace2m_isolate= strain containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 <em>c.1934 A>T</em>); c1w82_isolate=C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain; C1W81_isoalte C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain; Y55_isolate=ancestral strain. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 1: Particle ID</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 2: Area ABD</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 3: Aspect Ratio (Width/Length)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 4: Circle Fit</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 5: Area base Diameter (ABD)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 6: Equivalent Spherical Diameter (ESD)</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 7: Elongation</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 8: Perimeter</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 9: Roughness</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span><span> </span>Column 10: Volume ABD-based</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 11: Volume ESD-based</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 12: Width</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> Column 13: Source. Name of the sample.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 8 name: File_8_C1W8.2_overlapPairs_Selection_Experiment.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 8 description: C1W8.2 _lineage_selection.cycle= C1W8.2 evolved multicellular strain, lineage (A=ancestral, M1= lineage 1,<span> </span>M2= lineage 2 , M3= lineage 3) and selection cycle<span> </span>(0, 1, 2 and 3).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Var1= strain 1</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Var2= strain 2</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: overlap value of both strains compared.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 9 name: File_9_C1W8.1_overlapPairs_Selection_Experiment.csv</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 9 description: C1W8.1 _lineage_selection.cycle =C1W8.1 evolved multicellular strain, lineage (A=ancestral, M1= lineage 1,<span> </span>M2= lineage 2 , M3= lineage 3) and selection cycle<span> </span>(0, 1, 2 and 3).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Var1= strain 1</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Var2= strain 2</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: overlap value of both strains compared.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 10 name: File_10_overlapPairs_Constructed_strains_diversity.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 10 description: variables naming convention; strain _isolate_colony.number. Strains; ace2x2m=strains containing the ACE2 missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>); ace2x2= ACE2 knockout. Isolate; 1,2 and 3. Colony.number; Initial=initial population and colony number (1,2,3,4 and 5).</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Var1= strain 1</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: Var2= strain 2</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: overlap value of both strains compared.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 11 name: File_11_ ImageJ _analyses.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 11 description: ImageJ analyses of the microphotographs from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>). Cultures were grown in culture tubes with 10 mL of media, 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 10 mL and 30 mL of media, in YPD under non-shaking and shaking at 250 rpm. YPD media was used across all conditions. Cultures were assessed after 24 hours growth at 30°C.<span> </span>Microphotographs of each condition and strain were obtained with a Nikon TE2000 microscope using 10x objective.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: Var1= strain 1</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: </span><span lang="EN">Var2 =<span> strain 2</span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: overlap value of both strains compared.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 12 name: File_12_ FlowCam_Pictures.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 12 description: FlowCam runs, images, and raw data of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Y55 strain clones, C1W8.1 and C1W8.2 multicellular evolved strains, constructed ACE2 gene knockouts, and strains containing the missense mutation (ACE2 <sup>c.1934 A>T</sup>) in YPD at 24h growth. Data for: Fig. 1B. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 13 name: File_13_Microphotography_controled_experimental_conditions.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 13 description: 149 microphotographs. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Folder 1:<span> </span>Images </span><span lang="EN">of Erlenmeyer flasks<span> with 30ml of YPD</span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Folder 2:<span> </span>Images </span><span lang="EN">of <span>Erlenmeyer’s and tubes with 10ml of YPD</span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 14 name: File_14_Mathematical_model.zip</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 14 description: Mathematical model, R code, and generated values. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Document 1:<span> </span>R code of the model</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Document 2:<span> </span>Resulted data from </span><span lang="EN">the <span>mathematical model with different inset</span> <span>values of <em>k</em>, alpha</span>,<span> and beta. </span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Document 2:<span> </span>Resulted data from the mathematical model with different inset values of <em>k</em>, alpha, gamma, and beta. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 15 name: File_15_rnaseq-final-results-Top_v_Bottom.xlsx</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 15 description: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">§ Page 1: </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 1: number</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 2: ID</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 3: protID</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 4: gene_symbol<span> </span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 5: chr</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 6: chr_latin</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 7: location </span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 8: baseMean</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 9: log2FoldChange</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 10: lfcSE</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 11: stat</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 12: pvalue<span> </span>padj</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 13: test</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 14: log10padj</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 15: log10baseMean</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 16: blast_pident</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 17: transcript_length</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 18: blast_evalue</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 19: blast_bitscore</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 20: rnaID</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 21: feature</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 22: accession</span></p> <p><span lang="EN">Column 23: strain</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span> </span>Column 24: gene_accession</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 16 name: File_16_Variant_Call_format_file.vcf</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 16 description: Variant Calling analyses of the<span> </span>ARN sample <em>Top 1. </em>Adhesion number: SRR32105384. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 17 name: Supp. Video 1. C1W8.1 from 17 to 22 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 17 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 1. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast video between 17 and 22 hours of growth (C1W8.1-derived strain) — time-lapse video of the formation of a single-cell propagule from a multicellular cluster. </strong>The time-lapse video captures growth dynamics over this period, highlighting the formation of a single-cell propagule from a multicellular cluster on two occasions (visible in the lower left region of the frame). Images were acquired every 15 minutes using a 10x objective lens. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 18 name: Supp. Video 2. Ace2x2KO over 26 hours </span><span lang="EN">of <span>growth.</span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 18 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 2. <em>ace2Δ knockout</em></strong> <strong>constructed strain growth</strong> <strong>— time-lapse video of a single large multicellular cluster over 26 hours.</strong> The video captures large, multicellular clusters that produce both large, multicellular and small, ancestral-like clusters. The video shows a single large multicellular cluster fragmenting into two large multicellular clusters at ~ 13 hours of growth (from 02:09 to 02:10 minutes in the time-lapse) and generating two small ancestral-like propagules at ~19 hours of growth (from 03:07 to 03:09 minutes in the time-lapse). Microphotographs were obtained at 3-minute intervals under a 10x objective over 26 hours. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 19 name: Supp. Video 3. C1W8.1 over 6 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 19 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 3. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast growth between 6 and 12 hours of growth (C1W8.1-derived strain). </strong>The time-lapse video captures large, multicellular clusters of the C1W8.1 strains, which produce both large, multicellular and small, ancestral-like clusters. Additionally, small ancestral-like clusters are observed undergoing cellular division <strong>—</strong>no separation is observed<strong>—</strong> during the first 2 to 3 hours, followed by a cessation of division for the remainder of the time-lapse. Images were acquired every 30 seconds using a 10x objective lens.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 20 name: Supp. Video 4. C1W8.1 over 24 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 20 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 4. Experimentally evolved multicellular yeast growth over 24 hours (C1W8.1-derived strain) — cell division stops in small ancestral-like phenotypes. </strong>The footage captures multiple large multicellular clusters undergoing fragmentation into propagules. Additionally, a small ancestral-like cluster is observed undergoing division during the first 2 to 3 hours, followed by a cessation of division for the remainder of the time-lapse (visible in the lower left region of the frame). This early division phase is evident during the first 10 seconds of the video. Images were acquired every 5 minutes using a 10x objective lens. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 21 name: Supp. Video 5. Ace2x2KO over 24 hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 21 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 5. <em>ace2Δ knockout</em> constructed strain growth</strong> <strong>— time-lapse video of multiple large multicellular clusters over 24 hours.</strong> The video shows multiple large multicellular clusters fragmenting into large clusters and several small ancestral-like clusters being dragged by Brownian motion and evaporation of the sample. Microphotographs were obtained at fixed intervals of 3 minutes under the 10x objective over 24 hours. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 22 name: Supp. Video 6. Ace2x2missense from 0 to 3h45m hours growth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN"><span>o<span> </span></span></span><span lang="EN">File 22 description: <strong>Supplementary Video 6. <em>ace2Δ missense</em> constructed strain growth</strong> <strong>— time-lapse video of multiple large multicellular clusters up to 3 hours 45 min.</strong> The video shows multiple large multicellular clusters fragmenting into large clusters</span><span lang="EN">,<span> generating two small ancestral-like propagules before being dragged by Brownian motion and evaporation of the sample. Microphotographs were obtained at </span>3-minute intervals <span>under the 10x objective. </span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN"> </span></p> <p> </p>
Data and code from: Quantitative analyses of stochastic influences on the response to phenotypic selection in a small passerine, the collared flycatcher
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Data for: Comparative evaluation of phenotypic, pedigree, and family-based selection in insect breeding using stochastic simulation
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Data from: Phenotypic stochasticity prevents lytic bacteriophage population from extinction during bacterial stationary phase
It is generally thought that the adsorption rate of a bacteriophage correlates positively with fitness, but this view neglects that most phages rely only on exponentially growing bacteria for productive infections. Thus, phages must cope with the environmental stochasticity that is their hosts' physiological states. If lysogeny is one alternative, it is unclear how strictly lytic phages can survive the host stationary phase. Three scenarios may explain their maintenance: (1) pseudolysogeny, (2) diversified or (3) conservative bet-hedging. In order to better understand how a strictly lytic phage survives the stationary phase of its host, and how phage adsorption rate impacts this survival, we challenged two strictly lytic phage λ, differing in their adsorption rates, with stationary phase Escherichia coli cells. Our results showed that, pseudolysogeny was not responsible for phage survival and that, contrary to our expectation, high adsorption rate was not more detrimental during stationary phase than low adsorption rate. Interestingly, this last observation was due to the presence of the "residual fraction" (phages exhibiting extremely low adsorption rates), protecting phage populations from extinction. Whether this cryptic phenotypic variation is an adaptation (diversified bet-hedging) or merely reflecting unavoidable defects during protein synthesis remains an open question.
Data from: Phenotypic stochasticity prevents lytic bacteriophage population from extinction during bacterial stationary phase
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Data from: Stochastic evolutionary demography under a fluctuating optimum phenotype
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