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222 results for “photosynthesis”
Canopy Photosynthesis Study at Harvard Forest 1991-1992
Tree photosynthesis measurements were made from two canopy access towers on the Prospect Hill Tract, Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts between July 1991 and October 1992. Four species were observed: Oak - red oak (Quercus rubra); RM - red maple (Acer rubrum); WB - white birch (Betula papyrifera); YB- yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis).
Rubisco limited photosynthesis rates of Red mangrove leaves at Key Largo, Watson River Chickee, Taylor Slough, and Little Rabbit Key, South Florida (FCE) from July 2001 to August 2001
Determine the Rubisco limited carboxylation rates of red mangrove ( species Rhizophora mangle) leaves. This information will be used to model carbon sequestration by Red mangroves.
Dark respiration and photosynthesis data from Dry Heath Nitrogen & Phosphorus addition plots, Arctic LTER, Toolik Field Station, Alaska, summers 2023-2024.
To determine the effects of weather variability on Arctic plant functioning, we conducted this study looking at the response of plant dark respiration and photosynthesis to short-term, high-frequency, temperature and light variability. We measured Betula nana, Chamaenerion angustifolium, and Calamagrostis stricta from the dry heath tundra N&P fertilized plots. We took measurements through two summer seasons. The first summer we obtained data regarding responses to variable temperature and light, and in the second summer we obtained the dark respiration to temperature response and photosynthesis to light response curves.
Benthic chlorophyll concentrations and gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates in surficial estuarine intertidal sediments at sites on Sapelo Island and near the Satilla River from January, April, June and July 2001
Seasonal patterns of estuarine creek-bank and intertidal marsh benthic chlorophyll and gross oxygenic photosynthesis were investigated at several sites on Sapelo Island and the Satilla River in coastal Georgia. Benthic chlorophyll were measured in the bulk surface centimeter depth of sediment. Gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates were integrated over 100 um resolution measurements below the sediment water interface using oxygen microelectrodes. Several relatively pristine sites on Sapelo Island (Moses Hammock, Dean Creek and Marine Institute) and a presumably heavily impacted site (Dover Bluff) show similar levels of chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis rate across bank and marsh zones with higher photosynthetic biomass and activity in the spring season. Nutrient inputs to these study sites are also suggested as a control on gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates as evidenced by a relationship between photosynthesis rate and land-use.
Benthic chlorophyll concentrations and gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates in surficial estuarine intertidal sediments at sites on Sapelo Island and near the Satilla River from June and August 2002
Seasonal patterns of estuarine creek-bank and intertidal marsh benthic chlorophyll and gross oxygenic photosynthesis were investigated at several sites on Sapelo Island and the Satilla River in coastal Georgia. Benthic chlorophyll were measured in the bulk surface centimeter depth of sediment. Gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates were integrated over 100 um resolution measurements below the sediment water interface using oxygen microelectrodes. Several relatively pristine sites on Sapelo Island (Moses Hammock, Dean Creek and Marine Institute) and a presumably heavily impacted site (Dover Bluff) show similar levels of chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis rate across bank and marsh zones with higher photosynthetic biomass and activity in the spring season. Nutrient inputs to these study sites are also suggested as a control on gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates as evidenced by a relationship between photosynthesis rate and land-use.
Benthic chlorophyll, density, porosity, and organic content concentrations and gross oxygenic photosynthesis rates in surficial estuarine intertidal sediments at sites on Sapelo Island and near the Satilla River from January, April, June and July 2001
Seasonal patterns of estuarine creek-bank and intertidal marsh benthic chlorophyll, density, porosity, and organic content were investigated at several sites on Sapelo Island and the Satilla River in coastal Georgia. Benthic chlorophyll, density, porosity, and organic content were measured in the bulk surface centimeter depth of sediment. Several relatively pristine sites on Sapelo Island (Moses Hammock and Dean Creek) and a presumably heavily impacted site (Dover Bluff) show similar levels of chlorophyll concentration across bank and marsh zones with higher photosynthetic biomass in the spring season.
Non-structural carbohydrates and photosynthesis in boreal Scots pine and dwarf shrubs, in field and laboratory.
<p>The manuscript entitled "Non-structural carbohydrates and photosynthesis in boreal Scots pine and dwarf shrubs" used two set of data: Field data and Laboratory data</p> <p>##### 1. FIELD DATA:<br> We measured photosynthesis and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content in adult Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), in boreal conditions at Hyytiaälä SMEAR II station in Sourthen Finland. In the folder "Field Data", you will find automatic CO2 exchange measurements by shoot chambers, dynamic parameters for the light response of photosynthesis, and needles´ non-structural carbohydrate content (NSC) in 2008, 2009 and 2015. See the readme file in the folder for further information.</p> <p> </p> <p>#### 2. LABORATORY DATA</p> <p>We measured the relationship between photosynthesis and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content under stable laboratory conditions in three shrubs species:<br> i) evergreen lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.),<br> ii) evergreen heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) and<br> iii) deciduous bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.).<br> The plants grew in chambers where we measured the CO2 gas exchange and estimated photosynthesis. After CO2 gas exhcnage measurements we sampled the leaves for NSC analyses. See the readme file in the folder for further information.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Sunburned plankton: Ultraviolet radiation inhibition of phytoplankton photosynthesis in the Community Earth System Model version 2
<p>Climate model output for paper describing CESM2-UVphyto.</p>
Supporting data for "Forest carbon uptake as influenced by snowpack and length of photosynthesis season in seasonally snow-covered forests of North America"
<p>This is a supporting dataset for the paper :</p> <div> <div>Yang, J. C., Bowling, D. R., Smith, K. R., Kunik, L., Raczka, B., Anderegg, W. R. L., Bahn, M., Blanken, P. D., Richardson, A. D., Burns, S. P., Bohrer, G., Desai, A. R., Arain, M. A., Staebler, R. M., Ouimette, A. P., Munger, J. W., and Litvak, M. E.: Forest carbon uptake as influenced by snowpack and length of photosynthesis season in seasonally snow-covered forests of North America, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 353, 110054, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110054">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110054</a>, 2024.</div> </div> <p>Descriptions and units for each column can be found in a dedicated page within the data file. Methods are decribed in the paper.</p>
Supplementary material: Efficient in vivo screening method for the identification of C4 photosynthesis inhibitors based on cell suspensions of the single-cell C4 plant Bienertia sinuspersici
<p>Data described in Minges et al. (2019) Efficient <em>in vivo</em> screening method for the identification of C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis inhibitors based on cell suspensions of the single-cell C<sub>4</sub> plant <em>Bienertia sinuspersici</em>. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01350">10.3389/fpls.2019.01350</a></p> <p> </p>
Global variation in the fraction of leaf nitrogen allocated to photosynthesis
<p>ReadMe</p> <p>1. The datasets were produced based on the method described in Luo X. et al. Global variation in the fraction of leaf nitrogen allocated to photosynthesis. Nature Communications. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25163-9.</p> <p>2. Vcmax25_RF and fLNR_RF are the key output. Vcmax25_RF was estimated using random forest trained by ground observations, remote sensing leaf chlorophyll content and some ancillary environment variables. fLNR_RF was further calculated from Vcmax25_RF.</p> <p>3. Vcmax25_un and fLNR_un are the uncertainties of Vcmax25_RF and fLNR_RF. </p> <p>4. Note there are several gridded leaf nitrogen content maps (LNC; area-based) available for our derivation of fLNR from Vcmax25. In our study, we mainly use EB17, but also provide the results based on AMM18 and CB20 (see reference).</p> <p>5. Other Vcmax25 and fLNR datasets are provided for comparison. They are all driven by CRU TS4.01 climate data, soil grids soil data and EB17 leaf nitrogen/phosphorus datasets.</p> <p>If you have any questions about the dataset, please contact Xiangzhong (Remi) Luo at xzluo.remi@nus.edu.sg</p>
Primary production estimates from 14C uptake (in situ), determined by the incorporation of inorganic carbon into particulate organic carbon (POC) due to photosynthesis at selected light levels from CCE LTER process cruises in the California Current System, 2006 - 2021 (ongoing).
Primary productivity samples of seawater are taken each day shortly before noon on the CTD rosette up-cast during the CCE Process crusies (since 2006, ongoing). Light penetration below the surface is estimated from the Secchi disk depth. Niskin bottles from depths with ambient light intensities corresponding to light levels simulated by on-deck incubators are identified and sampled. Primary production is estimated from 14C uptake using this simulated in situ technique (followed by filtering) by which the assimilation of dissolved inorganic carbon by phytoplankton yields a measure (in µg/L/day) of the rate of photosynthetic primary production (particulate organic carbon, POC) at selected light levels in the euphotic zone within the CCE study area.
Photosynthesis (A max, etc.): BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
SUNRISE - Making Artificial Photosynthesis a Reality
<p>Presentation video of the SUNRISE action.</p> <p>Better than any “who we are”- page, this video brings you the big picture of this international research initiative working to make artificial photosynthesis a reality for a sustainable future.</p>
Huub de Groot - Breaking down the Artificial Photosynthesis
<p>Who was the first person that came up with the idea of artificial photosynthesis? What impact could it have on our environment? Find out more about this innovative research field & don't miss our interview with Huub de Groot, professor at Leiden University and SUNRISE coordinator.</p>
Data and code for: High light alongside elevated pCO2 alleviates thermal depression of photosynthesis in a hard coral (Pocillopora acuta)
<p>Data and R scripts of analyses performed for the manuscript "<strong>High light alongside elevated pCO<sub>2</sub> alleviates thermal depression of photosynthesis in a hard coral (<em>Pocillopora acuta</em>)</strong>"</p>
Photosynthesis in newly-developed leaves of heat-tolerant wheat acclimates to long-term nocturnal warming
<p>We examined photosynthetic capacity of newly-developed and pre-existing flag leaves of four wheat genotypes under three night temperatures (15, 20 and 25 °C) and common day temperature of 26 °C in two controlled environment experiments. In newly-developed leaves which acclimated (i.e. maintained or increased) the maximum rate of net CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation (<em>A</em><sub>n</sub>) to long-term (9–13 weeks) nocturnal warming, acclimation was underpinned by greater capacity of Rubisco carboxylation (<em>V</em><sub>cmax</sub>) and photosynthetic electron transport (<em>J</em>). This indicates a night-dependent temperature sensitivity of the activation state of Rubisco. Metabolite profiling linked acclimation of <em>A</em><sub>n</sub> to greater accumulation of monosaccharides and saturated fatty acids in leaves, suggesting roles for osmotic adjustment of leaf turgor pressure and maintenance of cell membrane integrity. By contrast, warm night-induced inhibition of <em>A</em><sub>n</sub> was related to reductions in stomatal conductance of CO<sub>2</sub> and <em>J</em>, despite higher basal electron transport thermal stability: <em>T</em><sub>crit</sub> 51 of 45–46.5 °C in non-acclimated versus <em>T</em><sub>crit</sub> of 43.8–45 °C in acclimated leaves. Pre-existing leaves exposed to short-term nocturnal warming (5–7 nights) showed no change in instantaneous temperature responses of <em>A</em><sub>n</sub> and photosynthetic capacity, except for an elite heat-tolerant genotype. These findings can be used to support strategies for developing climate-resilient wheat.</p>
Amphistomy increases leaf photosynthesis more in coastal than montane plants of Hawaiian ʻilima
<p><strong>Premise of the study</strong></p> <p>The adaptive significance of stomata on both upper and lower leaf surfaces, called amphistomy, is unresolved. A widespread association between amphistomy and open, sunny habitats suggests the adaptive benefit of amphistomy may be greatest in these contexts, but this hypothesis has not been tested experimentally. Understanding amphistomy informs its potential as a target for crop improvement and paleoenvironment reconstruction.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>We developed a method to quantify "amphistomy advantage", AA, as the log-ratio of photosynthesis in an amphistomatous leaf to that of the same leaf but with gas exchange blocked through the upper surface (pseudohypostomy). Humidity modulated stomatal conductance and thus enabled comparing photosynthesis at the same total stomatal conductance. We estimated AA and leaf traits in six coastal (open, sunny) and six montane (closed, shaded) populations of the indigenous Hawaiian species ʻilima (<em>Sida fallax</em>).</p> <p><strong>Key results</strong></p> <p>Coastal ʻilima benefits 4.04 times more from amphistomy than montane leaves. Evidence was equivocal with respect to two hypotheses – that coastal leaves benefit more because 1) they are thicker and have lower conductance through the internal airspace, and 2) they benefit more because they have similar conductance on each surface, as opposed to most conductance being through the lower surface.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>This is the first direct experimental evidence that amphistomy increases photosynthesis, consistent with the hypothesis that parallel pathways through upper and lower mesophyll increase CO2 supply to chloroplasts. The prevalence of amphistomatous leaves in open, sunny habitats can partially be explained the increased benefit of amphistomy in 'sun' leaves, but the mechanistic basis remains uncertain.</p>
Long-term Continuous SIF-informed Photosynthesis Proxy reconstructed with calibrated AVHRR surface reflectance (LCSPP-AVHRR), 1982-2000
<p><strong>Usage Notes</strong>:<br>This is the updated LCSPP dataset (v3.2), reconstructed using the AVHRR record from 1982–2023. Due to Zenodo’s size constraints, LCSPP-AVHRR is divided into two separate repositories. Previously referred to as "LCSIF," the dataset was renamed to emphasize its role as a SIF-informed long-term photosynthesis proxy derived from surface reflectance and to avoid confusion with directly measured SIF signals.</p> <p>Key updates in version 3.2 include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Improved Calibration</strong>: Enhanced consistency in calibration methods, addressing technical limitations in version 3.1 including applying more stringent quality filtering and snow masks. We also </li> <li><strong>Quality Flags</strong>: New quality flag layer enables users to identify whether a pixel is derived from observed surface reflectance (QA=0), high-quality gap-filled values (QA=1), lower-quality gap-filled based on the mean seasonal cycle (QA=2), or missing entirely (QA=3). We advice the user to rely only on observed and high-quality gap-filled values for their analyses.</li> <li><strong>Extension</strong> to include observations from the year of 2023.</li> </ul> <p>Other LCSPP repositories can be accessed via the following links:</p> <ul> <li>LCSPP-AVHRR v3.2 (2001-2023): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11906675" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.5281/zenodo.11906675</a></li> <li>LCSPP-MODIS v3.2(2001-2023): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11658088" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.5281/zenodo.11658088</a></li> </ul> <p>The user can choose between LCSPP-AVHRR and LCSPP-MODIS for the overlapping period from 2001-2023. The two datasets are generally consistent during this overlapping period, although LCSPP-MODIS shows a stronger greening trend between 2001-2023. For studies exploring the long-term vegetation dynamics, the user can either use only LCSPP-AVHRR or use a blend dataset of LCSPP-AVHRR and LCSPP-MODIS as a sensitivity test. </p> <p>In addition, the updated long-term continuous reflectance datasets (LCREF), used for the production of LCSPP, can be accessed using the following links:</p> <ul> <li>LCREF-AVHRR v3.1 (1982-2023): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11905959" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.5281/zenodo.11905959</a></li> <li>LCREF-MODIS v3.1 (2001-2023): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11657458" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.5281/zenodo.11657458</a></li> </ul> <p>A manuscript describing the technical details is available at <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.14987" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.14987</a>, while detailed the uses and limitations of the dataset. In particular, we note that <strong>LCSPP</strong> <strong>is a reconstruction of SIF-informed photosynthesis proxy and should not be treated as SIF measurements</strong>. Although LCSPP has demonstrated skill in tracking the dynamics of GPP and PAR absorbed by canopy chlorophyll (APARchl), it is not suitable for estimating fluorescence quantum yield.</p> <p>All data outputs from this study are available at 0.05° spatial resolution and biweekly temporal resolution in NetCDF format. Each month is divided into two files, with the first file “a” representative of the 1<sup>st</sup> day to the 15<sup>th</sup> day of a month, and the second file “b” representative of the 16<sup>th</sup> day to the last day of a month.</p> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Satellite-observed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a powerful proxy for the photosynthetic characteristics of terrestrial ecosystems. Direct SIF observations are primarily limited to the recent decade, impeding their application in detecting long-term dynamics of ecosystem function. In this study, we leverage two surface reflectance bands available both from Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR, 1982-2023) and MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, 2001-2023). Importantly, we calibrate and orbit-correct the AVHRR bands against their MODIS counterparts during their overlapping period. Using the long-term bias-corrected reflectance data from AVHRR and MODIS, a neural network is trained to produce a Long-term Continuous SIF-informed Photosynthesis Proxy (LCSPP) by emulating Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 SIF, mapping it globally over the 1982-2023 period. Compared with previous SIF-informed photosynthesis proxies, LCSPP has similar skill but can be advantageously extended to the AVHRR period. Further comparison with three widely used vegetation indices (NDVI, kNDVI, NIRv) shows a higher or comparable correlation of LCSPP with satellite SIF and site-level GPP estimates across vegetation types, ensuring a greater capacity for representing long-term photosynthetic activity.</p>
Metadata of "Incorporating a molecular antenna in diatom microalgae cells enhances photosynthesis"
<p>Metadata of "Incorporating a molecular antenna in diatom microalgae cells enhances photosynthesis"</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.