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53 results for “phylogenetic networks”
Supplement for "Using Phylogenetic Networks to Model Chinese Dialect History"
<p>This is the supplementary material accompanying the paper "Using Phylogenetic Networks to Model Chinese Dialect History", which appeared in 2014 in "Language Dynamics and Change" (volume 4, issue 2).</p>
Fig. 34. Phylogenetic network inferred from 1,476 in Morphology, Ciliary Pattern and Molecular Phylogeny of Trachelophyllum brachypharynx Levander, 1894 (Litostomatea, Haptoria, Spathidiida)
Fig. 34. Phylogenetic network inferred from 1,476 nucleotide characters of 69 litostomatean taxa, using the NeighborNet algorithm and the uncorrected distances. Numbers along the edges indicate bootstrap support values coming from 1,000 replicates. Only bootstraps> 50% and relevant to this study are shown. The scale bar indicates three substitutions per one thousand nucleotide positions.
Figure 4. A neighbour-net phylogenetic network constructed using 106 in Evolutionary relationships among several species from the genus Cricotopus (Diptera: Chironomidae): What about Turkish representatives of this genus?
Figure 4. A neighbour-net phylogenetic network constructed using 106 COI sequences of the genus Cricotopus and two COI sequences Orthocladius sp. (outgroup). For the clarity of the network, bootstrap support values of the nodes are not demonstrated.
Fig. 3. Haplotype network for E in Prevalence, molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analyses of hydatid cysts and cysticercus tenuicollis isolates and first report of E. canadensis (G6/G7) in wild boars in Bingol province, Türkiye
Fig. 3. Haplotype network for E. canadensis (G6/G7) using cox1 gene (616 bp) sequences of different countries. The E. canadensis (G6/G7) isolate obtained in this investigation (Hap_01) and the sequences identified as G7 in the Genbank database were utilized. Circle size relative to haplotype data set frequency. Each hatch mark is representative of one nucleotide change. Haplotypes formed by the isolates obtained in this study are marked with an asterisk.
Fig. 2. Haplotype network constructed using cox1 in Prevalence, molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analyses of hydatid cysts and cysticercus tenuicollis isolates and first report of E. canadensis (G6/G7) in wild boars in Bingol province, Türkiye
Fig. 2. Haplotype network constructed using cox1 (744 bp) gene sequences of T. hydatigena. Seven haplotypes formed by the T. hydatigena isolates obtained in this study: (Hap 1-Hap 7). Circle size relative to haplotype data set frequency. Each hatch mark is representative of one nucleotide change. Haplotypes formed by the isolates obtained in this study are marked with an asterisk.
Algebraic invariants for inferring 4-leaf semi-directed phylogenetic networks
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Supplemental data from: Inference of phylogenetic networks from sequence data using composite likelihood
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Data from: Phylogenetic comparative methods on phylogenetic networks with reticulations
The goal of Phylogenetic Comparative Methods (PCMs) is to study the distribution of quantitative traits among related species. The observed traits are often seen as the result of a Brownian Motion (BM) along the branches of a phylogenetic tree. Reticulation events such as hybridization, gene flow or horizontal gene transfer, can substantially affect a species' traits, but are not modeled by a tree. Phylogenetic networks have been designed to represent reticulate evolution. As they become available for downstream analyses, new models of trait evolution are needed, applicable to networks. One natural extension of the BM is to use a weighted average model for the trait of a hybrid, at a reticulation point. We develop here an efficient recursive algorithm to compute the phylogenetic variance matrix of a trait on a network, in only one preorder traversal of the network. We then extend the standard PCM tools to this new framework, including phylogenetic regression with covariates (or phylogenetic ANOVA), ancestral trait reconstruction, and Pagel's λ test of phylogenetic signal. The trait of a hybrid is sometimes outside of the range of its two parents, for instance because of hybrid vigor or hybrid depression. These two phenomena are rather commonly observed in present-day hybrids. Transgressive evolution can be modeled as a shift in the trait value following a reticulation point. We develop a general framework to handle such shifts, and take advantage of the phylogenetic regression view of the problem to design statistical tests for ancestral transgressive evolution in the evolutionary history of a group of species. We study the power of these tests in several scenarios, and show that recent events have indeed the strongest impact on the trait distribution of present-day taxa. We apply those methods to a dataset of Xiphophorus fishes, to confirm and complete previous analysis in this group. All the methods developed here are available in the Julia package PhyloNetworks.
Implementing large genomic SNP datasets in phylogenetic network reconstructions: a case study of particularly rapid radiations of cichlid fish
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>The Midas cichlids of the <i>Amphilophus</i> <i>citrinellus </i>spp<i>.</i> species complex from Nicaragua, are an extraordinary adaptive rapid radiation (<24,000 years old; 13 described species). These cichlids are a very challenging group to infer its evolutionary history in phylogenetic analyses, due to the apparent prevalence of ILS, as well as past and current gene flow. Assuming solely a vertical transfer of genetic material from an ancestral lineage to new lineages is not appropriate in many cases of genes transferred horizontally in nature. Recently developed methods to infer phylogenetic networks under such circumstances might be able to circumvent these problems. These models accommodate not just incomplete lineage sorting, but also gene flow, under the multispecies network coalescent model (MSNC), processes that are at work in young, hybridizing, and/or rapidly diversifying lineages. There are currently only a few programs available that implement MSNC for estimating phylogenetic networks. Here, we present a novel way to incorporate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data into the currently available PhyloNetworks program. Based on simulations, we demonstrate that SNPs can provide enough power to recover the true phylogenetic network. Moreover, our approach results in a faster algorithm compared to the original pipeline in PhyloNetworks, without losing power. We also applied our new approach to infer the phylogenetic network of Midas cichlid radiation. We implemented the most comprehensive genomic dataset to date (RADseq dataset of 679 individuals and >37K SNPs from 19 ingroup lineages) <span><span>and present estimated phylogenetic networks for this extremely young and fast-evolving radiation of cichlid fish. </span></span>We demonstrate that the MSNC is more appropriate than the multispecies coalescent alone for the analysis of this rapid radiation. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Resolving higher-level phylogenetic networks with repeated hybridization in a complex of polytypic salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus)
<p><span>Repeated hybridization between incipient lineages is a common feature of ecological speciation and ecomorphological diversification. However, computational constraints currently limit our ability to reconstruct network radiations from gene-tree data. Available methods are limited to level-1 networks wherein reticulations do not share edges, and higher-level networks may be non-identifiable in many cases. We present a heuristic method to recover information from higher-level networks across a range of potentially identifiable empirical scenarios, supported by a theorem and success in simulated data. When extrinsic information indicating the location and direction of recent or ancestral hybridization events is available, our method can yield successful estimates of non-level-1 networks, or at least a reduced possible set thereof. We apply this technique to the Pisgah clade of <em>Desmognathus</em> salamanders, which contains four to seven species exhibiting two discrete phenotypes, aquatic "shovel-nosed" and semi-aquatic "black-bellied" forms in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. Phylogenomic data strongly support a single backbone topology with up to five overlapping hybrid edges. These results suggest an unusual mechanism of ecomorphological hybrid speciation, wherein a binary threshold trait causes hybrids to shift between two microhabitat niches, promoting ecological divergence between sympatric hybrids and parentals. This contrasts with other well-known systems in which hybrids exhibit intermediate, novel, or transgressive phenotypes. Geographically proximate populations of both phenotypes exhibit admixture, and at least two black-bellied lineages have been produced via reticulations between shovel-nosed parentals, suggesting complex transmission dynamics. The genetic basis of these phenotypes is unclear and further data are needed to clarify the nature of selection and speciation in the group. </span></p>
Phyloformer: Fast, accurate and versatile phylogenetic reconstruction with deep neural networks
<p>This record is composed of: </p> <ul> <li>The <code>results.tar.gz</code> file which contains all the output files necessary to reproduce the figures and tables from the linked paper</li> <li>The 3 datasets used to fine tune different versions of Phylofofmer: <ol> <li><code>cherry_fine_tune.tar.xz</code> used to fine tune Phyloformer on the CherryML model</li> <li><code>LG_fine_tune_mre.tar.xz</code> used to fine tune Phyloformer on LG+GC data with an MRE loss</li> <li><code>pastek_fine_tune.tar.xz</code> used to fine tune Phyloformer on the SelReg model</li> </ol> </li> <li>The <code>paper_test_sets.tar.xz</code> file contains the test sets used to generate data in <code>results.tar.gz</code>, with simulated tree/msa pairs and trees inferred by different methods</li> </ul>
Data from: Linking social and spatial networks to viral community phylogenetics reveals subtype-specific transmission dynamics in African lions
1.Heterogeneity within pathogen species can have important consequences for how pathogens transmit across landscapes; however, discerning different transmission routes is challenging. 2.Here we apply both phylodynamic and phylogenetic community ecology techniques to examine the consequences of pathogen heterogeneity on transmission by assessing subtype specific transmission pathways in a social carnivore. 3.We use comprehensive social and spatial network data to examine transmission pathways for three subtypes of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIVPle) in African lions (Panthera leo) at multiple scales in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. We used FIVPle molecular data to examine the role of social organization and lion density in shaping transmission pathways and tested to what extent vertical (i.e., father and/or mother offspring relationships) or horizontal (between unrelated individuals) transmission underpinned these patterns for each subtype. Using the same data, we constructed subtype specific FIVPle co-occurrence networks and assessed what combination of social networks, spatial networks, or co-infection best structured the FIVPle network. 4.While social organization (i.e., pride) was an important component of FIVPle transmission pathways at all scales, we find that FIVPle subtypes exhibited different transmission pathways at within- and between-pride scales. A combination of social and spatial networks, coupled with consideration of subtype co-infection, was likely to be important for FIVPle transmission for the two major subtypes, but the relative contribution of each factor was strongly subtype specific. 5.Our study provides evidence that pathogen heterogeneity is important in understanding pathogen transmission, which could have consequences for how endemic pathogens are managed. Furthermore, we demonstrate that community phylogenetic ecology coupled with phylodynamic techniques can reveal insights into the differential evolutionary pressures acting on virus subtypes, which can manifest into landscape-level effects.
Supplementary material for: Accounting for within-species variation in continuous trait evolution on a phylogenetic network
<p>This supplementary material contains data and scripts for (1) a simulation study assessing the performance of our phylogenetic comparative method on trait data generated using an actual species network, and (2) a comparative analysis of how <em>Polemonium </em>leaflet size covaries with geographical predictors, assuming either a reticulate or non-reticulate time-calibrated phylogeny, accounting for or ignoring within-species variation.</p> <p>There are two top-level folders:</p> <p>(1) simulations: contains scripts to replicate the simulation study and associated figures in the subfolder "scripts", and results from the simulations in the subfolder "data".</p> <p>(2) polemonium: contains uncalibrated/calibrated species phylogenies (.tre), gene trees (.t, .tre) and genetic distance estimates (.csv) used for calibration, morphological and geographical data for <em>Polemonium </em>(.csv), and model estimates (.csv) in the subfolder "data"; and scripts to do calibration, preprocess the trait data, fit models and save estimates, and recreate figures from the article in the subfolder "scripts".</p> <p>The archive and each top-level folder contain their own README file with more detailed information.</p>
Data from: Linking social and spatial networks to viral community phylogenetics reveals subtype-specific transmission dynamics in African lions
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Supplementary material for: Accounting for within-species variation in continuous trait evolution on a phylogenetic network
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Massively scalable inference of level-1 phylogenetic networks
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PhyloFusion- Fast and easy fusion of rooted phylogenetic trees into rooted phylogenetic networks
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Data from: Phylogenetic comparative methods on phylogenetic networks with reticulations
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Implementing large genomic SNP datasets in phylogenetic network reconstructions: a case study of particularly rapid radiations of cichlid fish
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Resolving higher-level phylogenetic networks with repeated hybridization in a complex of polytypic salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus)
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.