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2 results for “plant reproductive ecology”
Individual flowering phenology shapes plant-pollinator interactions across ecological scales affecting plant reproduction
<p>1. The balance of pollination competition and facilitation amongst co-flowering plants and abiotic resource availability can modify plant species and individual reproduction. Floral resource succession and spatial heterogeneity modulate plant-pollinator interactions across ecological scales (individual plant, local assemblage, interaction network of agroecological infrastructure across the farm). Intraspecific variation in flowering phenology can modulate the precise level of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in floral resources, pollen donor density and pollinator interactions that a plant individual is exposed to, thereby affecting reproduction.</p> <p>2. We tested how abiotic resources and multi-scale plant-pollinator interactions affected individual plant seed set, modulated by intraspecific variation in flowering phenology and spatio-temporal floral heterogeneity arising from agroecological infrastructure. We transplanted two focal insect-pollinated plant species (<em>Cyanus</em> <em>segetum</em> and <em>Centaurea</em> <em>jacea</em>, n = 288) into agroecological infrastructure (10 sown wildflower, 6 legume-grass strips) across a farm-scale experiment (125 ha).</p> <p>3. We applied an individual-based phenologically explicit approach to match precisely the flowering period of plant individuals to the concomitant level of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in plant-pollinator interactions, potential pollen donors, floral resources and abiotic conditions (temperature, water, nitrogen).</p> <p>4. Individual plant attractiveness, assemblage floral density and conspecific pollen donor density (<em>C</em>. <em>jacea</em>) improved seed set. Network linkage density increased focal species' seed set and modified the effect of local assemblage richness and abundance on <em>C</em>. <em>segetum</em>. Mutual dependence on pollinators in networks increased <em>C</em>. <em>segetum</em> seed set, while <em>C</em>. <em>jacea</em> seed set was greatest where both specialization on pollinators and mutual dependence was high. Abiotic conditions were of little or no importance to seed set.</p> <p>5. Intra- and interspecific plant-pollinator interactions respond to spatio-temporal heterogeneity arising from agroecological management affecting wild plant species reproduction. The interplay of pollinator interactions within and between ecological scales affecting seed set implies a co-occurrence of pollinator-mediated facilitative and competitive interactions among plant species and individuals. </p>
Individual flowering phenology shapes plant-pollinator interactions across ecological scales affecting plant reproduction
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