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12 results for “prey-predator interactions”
Figure 6. Feeding variation during ENSO phenomenon. a in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 6. Feeding variation during ENSO phenomenon. a) Linear regression models that relate the number of snakes with stomach content and prey abundance at microhabitats per sampling visit (n = 32). b) t-Test comparing the abundance of snakes with stomach content (n = 314) between good and bad climate years. Box represents the interquartile range, the line across the box indicates the median, the minimal and maximal values are provided with the whiskers.
Figure 4 in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 4. Patterns of food intake, fat storage, and body size between sexes. a) The density of individuals with stomach contents tends to increase constantly with the increment of the body size in males. In contrast, the number of females with stomach contents start to grow nearly when their reached size of sexual maturity (>270 mm), before it, females maintain almost the same number of individuals with stomach contents despite their increase in body size (n = 264). b) Fat body area increase with the increment of the body size, being higher in females than males (n = 170). Redline depicts sexual maturity size in females.
Figure 3 in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 3. Sexual dimorphism of Ninia atrata. a) Linear regression model of weight versus snout-vent length (SVL) depicting no-significative differences between sexes (n = 425). b) ANCOVA analysis depicting that males have longer heads than females in relation to their weight (n = 170).
Figure 1 in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 1. Study area. Oil palm plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq 1897) of PALMASOL S.A. Red polygons represent the production batches sampled. Snakes collected from batches 8, 9 and 15 were fixed to perform dissections of their digestive tracts. Snakes from the Batch 13 were employed in the mark-recapture experiments.
Figure 3 in Prey-predator interactions and body size relationships between annual cicadas and spiders in Japan
Figure 3. Comparison of prey–predator size ratio among predator spider species. Data indicate at least three observations per prey–predator interaction (see Materials and methods). Different prey species are indicated by different colours on plots. Dashed line indicated the prey–predator body size ratio of 1.0. Data set = subset that excluded rare prey-predator interactions (n <3).
Figure 2 in Prey-predator interactions and body size relationships between annual cicadas and spiders in Japan
Figure 2. Number of incidents of prey–predator interactions between spiders and annual cicadas. Data set = total data.
Figure 1 in Prey-predator interactions and body size relationships between annual cicadas and spiders in Japan
Figure 1. Cases of the predation of annual cicadas by orb-web spiders (Araneidae). a) Female Araneus ventricosus feeding on Hyalessa maculaticollis; b) Female Argiope bruenichii feeding on Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata; c) Female Trichonephila clavata feeding on Tanna japonensis.
Water availability rather than temperature control soil fauna community structure and prey-predator interactions
<p>The ongoing climate change may strongly impact soil biodiversity with cascading effects on the processes they drive. Thus, it is of prime interest to improve our knowledge about responses by soil organisms such as collembolans to expected shifts in environmental conditions by considering communities comprising both detritivores and predators.</p> <p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate how simulated climate change and predation under laboratory conditions alter a collembolan community.</p> <p>To infer the impact of climate change, we applied a decreased level of soil moisture (60% <em>vs.</em> 30% soil water holding capacity) and an increasing air temperature (15 °C <em>vs. </em>25 °C) to a collembolan community constituted by four species (<em>Folsomia candida</em>, <em>Protaphorura fimata</em>, <em>Proisotoma minuta</em> and <em>Mesaphorura macrochaeta</em>) exhibiting distinct functional traits, e.g. body size and furca presence, in presence or absence of a predatory gamasid Acari (<em>Stratiolaelaps scimitus</em>) during two months in a microcosm experiment.</p> <p>We observed that decreasing soil moisture altered the collembolan community with species-specific responses. Interaction between soil moisture, temperature and predation indicates that low soil moisture reduced total collembolan abundance especially i) by suppressing the positive effect of increasing temperature and ii) by increasing the predatory control on collembolan abundance.</p> <p>These results highlight that soil moisture is the major driver of Collembola community and by consequence, a shift in climatic parameters with the ongoing climate change should strongly modify the Collembola community structure and the predator-prey interaction. Our findings are highly important since a strengthening of predation impact on Collembola prey could have major consequences on the whole soil food web being able to lead to a slowdown of key ecosystem processes they drive (e.g., litter decomposition and nutrient recycling). Finally, our study promotes the need to study more complex systems considering distinct soil-dwelling species, their functional traits and their trophic interactions to better predict the ecosystem responses to the ongoing climate change.</p>
Water availability rather than temperature control soil fauna community structure and prey-predator interactions
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Figure 5 in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 5. Climatic variability of Body Condition Index (BCI). a) Boxplot showing BCI as the residual value of mass predicted from a linear regression of log-transformed body mass versus logtransformed body length summarised by month on the entire sampling period (n = 425). Box represents the interquartile range, the line across the box indicates the median, the minimal and maximal values are provided with the whiskers. b) Time series showing BCI monthly variability through the good (without ENSO effects) and bad (under ENSO effects) years. The shaded area represents 95% confidence intervals. The solid line represents BCI median value. Zigzag lines represent the residual values at each sampling visit.
Figure 7 in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 7. Multiple regression models. Top: chart depicting the 'best' regression models that explains the abundance variability of Ninia atrata observed (n = 425) during the sampling visits (n = 32). Bottom: barplot illustrating the individual contributions of the variables selected. Dependent variable: Ln–transformed abundance of Ninia atrata (LNN) Independent variables. Ln-transformed snail abundance (LNVar3), Ln–transformed leech abundance (LNVar6), and Ln–transformed height of palm leaf piles (LNVar8).
Figure 2. Prey preference and stomach content states. a in Life is uncertainı eat dessert first: feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions of the coffee snake Ninia atrata
Figure 2. Prey preference and stomach content states. a) Percentage of prey-items in the stomach content and available in the environment. b) stomach contents categories.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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