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4 results for “pterins”
Data from: The meaning of melanin, carotenoid, and pterin pigments in the bluefin killifish, Lucania goodei
Male bluefin killifish (Lucania goodei) exhibit extensive color variation in their fins, but the utility of this variation has not yet been determined. We collected males from multiple populations and spectrophotometrically determined the pigment types responsible for fin coloration. We determined that the orange coloration in the caudal fin is caused by carotenoid pigmentation. In contrast, color in the anal fin is either pterin based (yellow and red) or structural (blue) with a melanic fin border. As these colors have different developmental origins, the potential for complex signaling is high. Therefore, we sought to determine whether behavior, reproductive success, or health correlated with pigmentation. Males with more melanin on the anal fin were more dominant and had higher spawning success. Male–male aggression was greater between males with similar-sized melanic borders, indicating that melanic markings function as badges of status between males. Caudal carotenoid pigmentation did not correlate with dominance, but this highly labile ornament was correlated with body condition, parasite infection, and spawning success, suggesting a role in intersexual selection by signaling health to potential mates. Similar results were found for caudal fin coloration using digital photography. Pterin pigmentation in the anal fin was not related to dominance but was related to overall spawning levels and parasite infection, suggesting that pterin pigmentation may also signal immune status. Thus, the coloration of male bluefin killifish provides multiple messages to multiple receivers through these 3 pigments (melanin, pterin, and carotenoid) that have distinct developmental origins.
Data from: Regulatory changes in pterin and carotenoid genes underlie balanced color polymorphisms in the wall lizard
Reptiles use pterin and carotenoid pigments to produce yellow, orange, and red colors. These conspicuous colors serve a diversity of signaling functions, but their molecular basis remains unresolved. Here, we show that the genomes of sympatric color morphs of the European common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), which differ in orange and yellow pigmentation and in their ecology and behavior, are virtually undifferentiated. Genetic differences are restricted to two small regulatory regions, near genes associated with pterin (SPR) and carotenoid metabolism (BCO2), demonstrating that a core gene in the housekeeping pathway of pterin biosynthesis has been co-opted for bright coloration in reptiles and indicating that these loci exert pleiotropic effects on other aspects of physiology. Pigmentation differences are explained by extremely divergent alleles and haplotype analysis revealed abundant trans-specific allele sharing with other lacertids exhibiting color polymorphisms. The evolution of these conspicuous color ornaments is the result of ancient genetic variation and cross-species hybridization.
Data from: The meaning of melanin, carotenoid, and pterin pigments in the bluefin killifish, Lucania goodei
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Data from: Regulatory changes in pterin and carotenoid genes underlie balanced color polymorphisms in the wall lizard
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