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215 results for “range limit”
Northern Range Limit of Aphaenogaster picea in Maine 2015
Low temperatures at poleward range margins of terrestrial species tend to match cold tolerance limits, suggesting that range boundaries may be set by evolutionary constraints on cold physiology. The northeastern woodland ant, Aphaenogaster picea, occurs up to approximately 45 °N in central Maine. We combined presence-absence surveys with regression-tree analysis to characterize its northern range limit, and assayed two measures of cold tolerance operating on different time-scales to determine whether and how marginal populations adapt to environmental extremes. The boundary was predicted primarily by temperature, but low winter temperatures did not emerge as the primary correlate of species occurrence. Low summer temperatures and high seasonal variability predicted absence above the boundary, whereas high mean annual temperature (MAT) predicted presence in southern Maine. Locations between these zones formed an east-west band where presence was conditional on precipitation. In contrast, assays of cold tolerance across multiple sites indicated substantial local adaptation of cold tolerance at the range edge, with a 4-minute reduction in chill-coma recovery time across a 2-degree reduction in MAT. Baseline tolerance and capacity for additional plastic cold-hardening shifted in opposite directions, with hardening capacity approaching zero at the coldest sites. This trade-off suggests that populations at range edges may adapt to colder temperatures through genetic assimilation of plastic responses, potentially constraining further adaptation and range expansion.
Replication Data for: "Ocean acidification increases susceptibility to sub-zero air temperatures in ecosystem engineers and limit poleward range shifts"
<p>These datasets contain all the raw data needed to replicate the results from our paper <em>Ocean acidification increases susceptibility to sub-zero air temperatures in ecosystem engineers and limit poleward range shifts</em> published in eLife - <a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81080">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81080</a></p>
Dataset and plot generation script for article "Probabilistic short-range forecasts of high precipitation events : optimal decision thresholds and predictability limits" by Francois Bouttier and Hugo Marchal, submitted in Dec 2023.
<p>Dataset and plot generation script for article "Probabilistic short-range forecasts of high precipitation events : optimal decision thresholds and predictability limits" by Francois Bouttier and Hugo Marchal, submitted in NHESS journal in Dec 2023.</p> <p>For further technical details read the file READMEdata in the zipfile. The script MAKEFIG remakes all the figures from the data.</p> <p>For scientific details read the associated article preprint on the NHESS egusphere website.</p>
Supplementary material for "High turn-over rates at the upper range limit and elevational source-sink dynamics in a widespread songbird"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>The formation of an upper distributional range limit for species breeding along mountain slopes is often based on environmental gradients resulting in changing demographic rates towards high elevations. However, we still lack an empirical understanding of how the interplay of demographic parameters forms the upper range limit in highly mobile species. Here, we study apparent survival and within-study area dispersal over a 700 m elevational gradient in barn swallows (<em>Hirundo rustica</em>) by using 15 years of capture-mark-recapture data. Annual apparent survival of adult breeding birds decreased while breeding dispersal probability of adult females, but not males increased towards the upper range limit. Individuals at high elevations dispersed to farms situated at elevations lower than would be expected by random dispersal. These results suggest higher turn-over rates of breeding individuals at high elevations, an elevational increase in immigration and thus, within-population source-sink dynamics between low and high elevations. The formation of the upper range limit therefore is based on preference for low-elevation breeding sites and immigration to high elevations. Thus, shifts of the upper range limit are not only affected by changes in the quality of high-elevation habitats but also by factors affecting the number of immigrants produced at low elevations.</p>
Mammalian herbivores restrict the altitudinal range limits of three alpine grass species (transplant and herbivore exclusion experiment and demographic data from natural populations), West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA 2015-2018
Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of their current elevational range and factorially fencing-out above- and belowground mammals in the West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA from 2015-2018. Herbivore damage was greater in range limit and novel habitats than in range cores. Exclosures increased plant biomass and reproduction more in novel habitats than in range cores, suggesting demographic costs of novel interactions with herbivores. We then used demographic models to project population growth rates, which increased 5-20% more under herbivore exclosure at range limit and novel sites than in core habitats. Our results identify mammalian herbivores as key drivers of the low-elevation range limits of alpine plants and indicate that upward encroachment of herbivores could trigger local extinctions by depressing plant population growth.
Population dynamics across latitudes of black spruce at its northern limit in the Brooks Range, Alaska
Although black spruce is the dominant treeline species in the eastern boreal forest, its distribution stops several kilometers short of treeline in the Brooks Range in Alaska, and white spruce is the dominant treeline species. The explanation for this distribution is not known, but two hypotheses are plausible. First, black spruce may be less tolerant of climatic conditions near treeline than white spruce. Second, black spruce may be unable to regenerate successfully near treeline due to long intervals between fires. We are establishing permanently marked study plots along a transect from the Yukon River basin, where black spruce is the dominant species, to the foothills of the Brooks Range, where it reaches its distributional limit. We are reconstructing recruitment history of both black and white spruce at our study sites, and are reconstructing recent fire history from analysis of fire scars and stand age structures. These data are being used to parameterize matrix population models, with which we are describing patterns of population stability.
Data from: Occupancy patterns and upper range limits of lowland Bornean birds along an elevational gradient
<p>Aim: The traditional view of species' distributions is that they are less abundant near the edges of their ranges and more abundant toward the center. Testing this pattern is difficult because of the complexity of distributions across wide geographical areas. An alternative strategy, however, is to measure species' distributional patterns along elevational gradients. We applied this strategy to examine whether lowland forest birds are indeed less common near their upper range limits on a Bornean mountain, and tested co-occurrence patterns among species for potential causes of attenuation, including signatures of habitat selection and competition at the periphery of their ranges.</p> <p>Location: Mt. Mulu, Borneo</p> <p>Taxon: Rain forest birds Methods: We surveyed lowland forest birds on Mt. Mulu (2,376 m), classified their elevation-occupancy distributions using Huisman – Olff – Fresco (HOF) models, and examined co-occurrence patterns of species pairs for signatures of shared habitat patches and interspecific competition.</p> <p>Results: For 39 of 50 common species, occupancy was highest at sea level then gradually declined near their upper range edges, in keeping with a 'rare periphery' hypothesis. With respect to habitat selection, lowland species do not appear to cluster together at sites of patchy similar habitat near their upper range limits; neither are most lowland species segregated from potential montane competitors where ranges overlap.</p> <p>Main conclusions: High relative abundance at sea level implies that species inhabit 'truncated niches' and are not currently near the limits of their fundamental niche, unless unknown critical response thresholds exist. However, indirect effects of increasing temperature predicted under climate change scenarios could still influence lower range limits of lowland species indirectly by altering habitat, precipitation regimes, and competitive interactions. The lack of non-random co-occurrence patterns implies that patchy habitat and simple pairwise species interactions are unlikely to be responsible for upper range limits in most species; diffuse competition across diverse rain forest bird communities could still play a role.</p>
Figure 2. Summer core area delineation. The straight line with a in Demographic characteristics, seasonal range and habitat topography of Balkan chamois population in its southernmost limit of its distribution (Giona mountain, Greece)
Figure 2. Summer core area delineation. The straight line with a slope of –1 represents the random use of space within the population seasonal range. The curve that sags below the line of random use represents the clumped use of space. The summer core area can be defined at the point whose tangent has slope –1, e.g. 85%, that is, whose tangent is parallel to the line of random use. This is also the point of the curve that is furthest from the line of random use.
An experimental test of the Allee effects range limitation hypothesis
<p>Data and code for a simple N-mixture model in JAGS Merker, S.A and Chandler, R.B. In Press. An experimental test of the Allee effects range limitation hypothesis. Journal of Animal Ecology.</p> <p>JAE-data.gzip contains the data required to run the model including:</p> <ol> <li>scaled and center covariates of detection</li> <li>a 3 dimensional array containing counts of Canada warbler (cardellina canadensis) at 71 point count locations over 4 years</li> <li>A climate PCA derived from PRISM data.</li> </ol> <p>The model itself is described in the .jAG file "Abundance_EN_clim-trt-D.JAG"</p> <p>Merker_Chandler_Appendices is an Rmarkdown file for the appendices of the article</p>
Data from: Biotic interactions help explain variation in elevational range limits of birds among Bornean mountains
Aim <p>Physiological tolerances and biotic interactions along habitat gradients are thought to influence species occurrence. Distributional differences caused by such forces are particularly noticeable on tropical mountains, where high species turnover along elevational gradients occurs over relatively short distances and elevational distributions of particular species can shift among mountains. Such shifts are interpreted as evidence of the importance of spatial variation in interspecific competition and habitat or climatic gradients. To assess the relative importance of competition and compression of habitat and climatic zones in setting range limits, we examined differences in elevational ranges of forest bird species among four Bornean mountains with distinct features.</p> Location <p>Bornean mountains Kinabalu, Mulu, Pueh and Topap Oso.</p> Taxon <p>Rain forest bird communities along elevational gradients.</p> Methods <p>We surveyed the elevational ranges of rain forest birds on four mountains in Borneo to test which environmental variables—habitat zone compression or presence of likely competitors—best predicted differences in elevational ranges of species among mountains. For this purpose, we used two complementary tests: a comparison of elevational range limits between pairs of mountains, and linear mixed models with naïve occupancy as the response variable.</p> Results <p>We found that lowland species occur higher in elevation on two small mountains compared to Mt. Mulu. This result is inconsistent with the expectation that distributions of habitats are elevationally compressed on small mountains, but is consistent with the hypothesis that a reduction in competition (likely diffuse) on short mountains, which largely lack montane specialist species, allows lowland species to occur higher in elevation. The relative influence of competition changes with elevation, and the correlation between lower range limits of montane species and the distribution of their competitors was weaker than in lowland species.</p> Main conclusions <p>These findings provide support for the importance of biotic interactions in setting elevational range limits of tropical bird species, although abiotic gradients explain the majority of distribution patterns. Thus, models predicting range shifts under climate change scenarios must include not only climatic variables, as is currently most common, but also information on potentially resulting changes in species interactions, especially for lowland species.</p>
Fig. 1 in Interspecific Interactions as a Factor of Limitation of Geographical Distribution: Evidence Obtained by Modeling Home Ranges of Vole Twin Species Microtus Arvalis – M. Levis (Rodentia, Microtidae)
Fig. 1. Potential distribution of the Common vole Microtus arvalis. White circles are georeferenced occurrences of genetically identified individuals; black indicates areas of maximum habitat suitability, white are areas of lowest suitability.
Low winter temperatures and divergent freezing resistance set the cold range limit of widespread alpine graminoids
<p><span>Aim:</span><span> "Where and why does a species exist" is a fundamental question in ecology. However, the actual range limits of alpine plant species are largely unexplored and unexplained. We aim at identifying the low temperature range limits of the two most abundant alpine graminoid species on acidic soils that intermingle in mosaics of high-elevation habitats across the European Alps.</span></p> <p><span>Location:</span><span> Alpine grasslands in the Swiss Alps.</span></p> <p><span>Taxon:</span><span> Carex curvula (Cyperaceae) and Nardus stricta (Poaceae), named by the genus name hereafter.</span></p> <p><span>Results:</span><span> Carex </span><span>and Nardus clearly segregated across different microsites. Season length, growing degree hours and soil chemistry (pH, C/N-ratio, phosphorus) did not demarcate the two species' ranges, while their distribution was strongly affected by soil minimum temperature in winter. Carex occurred at sites with and without protecting snow cover and resisted low soil temperatures (-13 °C). Nardus was absent at microsites with snow cover duration less than 5 months and soil minimum temperatures below -5 °C. During the growing season, leaves of Carex had a higher freezing resistance with LT50 of -16.1 °C than those of Nardus with LT50 of -13.3 °C (LT50: lethal temperature for 50% of the tissue). Tetrazolium staining in shoots also revealed a higher freezing resistance in Carex compared to Nardus, and shoot apices tolerated lowest temperatures: Carex -30 °C, Nardus -24 °C. Though, a vital shoot apex alone did not ensure regrowth after winter. Regrowth after severe frost events requires intact vessels and roots, all less freezing tolerant than apical meristems and young leaves.</span></p> <p><span>Main conclusions:</span><span> The cold range limits of these widespread alpine graminoid species are evidently set by thermal extremes in winter. Microtopography, thus snow distribution pattern, in concert with the species' freezing resistance explains the cold edge of the fundamental niche of these two species.</span></p>
Fig. 1 in On The Limit Of Altitudinal Range Shifts - Population Genetics Of Relict Butterfly Populations
Fig. 1. Neighbour-joining tree based on genetic distances (CAVALLI-SFORZA & EDWARDS 1967) performed on five microsatellite loci, representing the analysed populations of Scandinavia, Finland, eastern Europe (Poland, Lithuania, Romania) and the Vosges. Genetic distances are projected on a map. Solid lines display the genetic distance, arrows show the locations of the sampling sites. Data
Fig. 2 in On The Limit Of Altitudinal Range Shifts - Population Genetics Of Relict Butterfly Populations
Fig. 2. Allele frequency distributions of L. helle populations of the Pyrenees and the western low-altitude mountains (Massif Central, Vosges, Ardennes). The colours in the pie charts indicate the distribution of alleles (white: occurring in several mountain areas, black: exclusive to a single mountain area, grey: exclusively occurring in the respective population). Data taken from FINGER et al. (2009)
FIGURE 2 in New range limit of the Anopetia gounellei (Aves: Trochilidae): state of art and a review on the updated area
FIGURE 2: Updated distributional range limit of Anopetia gounellei overlapped with the dry ecoregions; others ecoregions were avoided for the sake of clarity. The range is not restricted to the Caatinga ecoregion, going beyond it by more than 212,000 km². However, few records are outside the dry ecoregion limits, and even they are close to their limits
FIGURE 1 in New range limit of the Anopetia gounellei (Aves: Trochilidae): state of art and a review on the updated area
FIGURE 1: Updated distributional range of Anopetia gounellei overlaid with the older range limit, the Caatinga biome (by Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brazil) and the presence records. The occurrence was expanded over 400.000 km² and records from 2010 to 2015 (the year after the first record outside the range limit) are spread over the north-south and east-west limits. It is possible to observe on the south and southwestern areas of the range many records outside the Caatinga biome limit
Figure. General head scalation pattern for Elaphe sauromates (cs – anterior chin shields; cs' – posterior chin shields; f – frontal; g – gulars; in – internasal; l – loreal; la – upper labials; la' – lower labials; m – mental; p – parietals; pf – prefrontal; prn – prenasal; ptn – postnasal; pto – postocular; pro – preocular; r – rostral; so – supraocular; sbo – subocular; t – temporals; v – ventral shields). in Morphological characteristics of the elusive blotched snake (Elaphe sauromates) at its northwestern range limit (Romania)
Figure. General head scalation pattern for Elaphe sauromates (cs – anterior chin shields; cs' – posterior chin shields; f – frontal; g – gulars; in – internasal; l – loreal; la – upper labials; la' – lower labials; m – mental; p – parietals; pf – prefrontal; prn – prenasal; ptn – postnasal; pto – postocular; pro – preocular; r – rostral; so – supraocular; sbo – subocular; t – temporals; v – ventral shields).
Linked collectors and determiners for: Rare, relict, range-limited, and problematic plant taxa in the Ukrainian Carpathians and adjacent territories from the LWS herbarium.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Rare, relict, range-limited, and problematic plant taxa in the Ukrainian Carpathians and adjacent territories from the LWS herbarium". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/79b5e00f-75b0-498b-a137-a0f0c622220c">https://bionomia.net/dataset/79b5e00f-75b0-498b-a137-a0f0c622220c</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/79b5e00f-75b0-498b-a137-a0f0c622220c">https://gbif.org/dataset/79b5e00f-75b0-498b-a137-a0f0c622220c</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data from: Reciprocal transplants reveal asymmetric local adaptation of Himalayan Rhododendron approaching elevational range limit
<p>As plant species expand their upper limit of distribution under current warming, some retain both traditional climate space and biotic environment while others encounter novel conditions. The latter is the case for <em>Rhododendron campanulatum</em>,a woody shrub that grows both above and below treeline at our study site in the Eastern Himalaya where a very conspicuous, stable treeline was defined by a nearly contiguous canopy of tall <em>Abies spectabilis</em> trees, many of them over a century old. Prior work showed that treeline had remained static in this region while<em> R. campanulatum</em> expanded its elevational range limit. We tested local adaptation of<em> R. campanulatum</em> by performing reciprocal transplants between the species' current elevational range limit (4023masl) and just above treeline (3876 masl). Contrary to expectation, the coldest temperatures of late winter and early-mid spring were experienced by plants at the lower elevation: <em>R. campanulatum</em> at species' limit (upper site) were covered by snow for a longer period (40 more days) and escaped the coldest temperatures suffered by conspecifics at treeline (lower site). The harsher spring conditions at treeline likely explains why leaves were smaller at treeline (15.3 cm<sup>2</sup>) than at species-limit (21.3 cm<sup>2</sup>). Contrary to results from equivalent studies in other regions, survival was reduced more by downslope than by upslope movement, again potentially due to extreme cold temperatures observed at treeline in spring. Upslope transplantation had no effect on mortality, but mortality of species-limit saplings transplanted downslope was three times higher than that of residents at both sites. A general expectation is that locals should survive better than foreign transplants, but survival of locals and immigrants at our species-limit site was identical. However, those species-limit saplings that survive the transplant to treeline grew faster than both locals at treeline and the transplants at species-limit. Overall, we found asymmetric adaptation: compared to treeline saplings, those at species-limit (147 m above treeline) were more tolerant of extremes in the growing season but less tolerant of extremes in winter and early-mid spring, displaying local adaptation in a more complex manner than simply home advantage, and complicating predictions about impacts of future regional climate change.</p>
Dataset and Model for "Understanding the limits to short-range order suppression in many-component disordered rock salt lithium-ion cathode materials"
<p>Data and Model For "Understanding the limits to Short-range order Suppression in Many-Component Disordered Rock Salt Lithium-ion Cathode Materials"</p> <p>Paper DOI: 10.1039/D3TA02088F</p> <p>Raw data (VASP calculations) and production model for the associated paper.</p> <p>- `cluster_expansions` contains the final model used for the analysis in the<br> paper. The model can be loaded using the `icet` cluster expansion package<br> using </p> <p> ```<br> from icet import ClusterExpansion # requires the icet python package</p> <p> ce = ClusterExpansion.read("cluster_expansion.ce")<br> ```<br> <br> see the icet docs for how to manipulate this object: https://icet.materialsmodeling.org/</p> <p>- `raw_data` contains the data used to fit the model. The calculation data<br> contains the raw vasp calculations in tar.gz files, and each training<br> generation has an associated `.json` files. The files contain Pymatgen<br> ComputedStructureEntry objects. Probably the easiest way to load these <br> into a python script is </p> <p> ```<br> from monty serialization import loadfn # requires the monty package<br> <br> training_data = loadfn("calculation_data.json")<br> ```</p> <p>- element references contains VASP calculations (stored as above) for <br> the elemental reference calculations used to determine the formation<br> energies of the training structures</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.