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opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Roadside turfgrass seed mixtures: models and figures

<div> <div> <div> <div> Roadsides in urban areas are often seeded with turfgrass mixtures to provide ground cover and reduce weed abundance. Designing mixtures to withstand exposure to biotic and abiotic stress is challenging. Research from managed and natural ecosystems have shown that increasing plant species richness and diversity can increase groundcover and suppress weed cover, but it is unclear whether such relationships hold in roadside environments. Our objective was to determine the effect of seeded turfgrass species richness on ground cover and weed suppression alongside roadsides in diverse regions in Minnesota. We tested six turfgrass species in monocultures, two-way mixtures, some three-way mixtures, and a single six-way mixture at seven sites seeded in the fall of 2018, and seven sites seeded in the fall of 2019. Seeded turfgrass, weed, and bare soil coverage was measured at each site over two growing seasons. There was a positive relationship between turfgrass species richness and turfgrass cover, and this interaction effect increased over time. We found that increasing turfgrass species richness reduced bare soil coverage. Turfgrass cover was also more consistent across research sites (i.e., greater spatial stability) with increasing species richness. Our results show that positive relationships between plant species richness and groundcover hold in highly disturbed and managed roadside environments. These findings can improve the design of seed mixtures for roadsides and in other ecological contexts where vegetative cover is important. </div> </div> </div> </div>

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Fig. 10. Zingiber mioga Thunb., Yingzi Ling roadside. A. Habit. B in Taxonomic revision of Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) of Taiwan

Fig. 10. Zingiber mioga Thunb., Yingzi Ling roadside. A. Habit. B. Leaf adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) surface. C. Ligule. D. Rhizome. E. Inflorescence. F. Flower. G. Bracts. H. Calyx tube. I. Corolla lobes. J. Labellum. K. Stamen and pistil. L. Ovary. M. Fruit. N. Seeds. Photos: A = C.T. Chao; B–N = L.P. Hsu.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Reducing mowing frequency increases floral resource and butterfly (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) abundance in managed roadside margins

Fig. 1. Effects of mowing treatment (no mowing, mowing every 6 wk, and mowing every 3 wk) on butterfly abundance and mortality. (a) Live butterflies were counted every other week and summed for the section replicates of each mowing treatment. (b) Dead butterflies were counted weekly and summed for the section replicates of each mowing treatment. (c) The relative butterfly mortalities were calculated every 3 wk as ΣDead / (ΣDead + ΣLive) for the section replicates of each mowing treatment. The gray box on each x-axis indicates when the interrupted 6 wk treatment (6* wk) was added due a mowing error in the 6 wk treatment sections in Site 2. The 6* wk treatment was split from the 6 wk treatment for the whole time period in all sites for longitudinal reasons, i.e., to avoid an unnatural drop in the 6 wk treatment afer the mowing error. The 6* wk treatment was split afer the mowing error in Site 2 in the statistical analysis. Black vertical lines represent the knots that separated the data into spline sections for the statistical analyses.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in New records of Pilemia tigrina (Mulsant, 1851) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) from roadside habitats in Bulgaria

Fig. 1. Habitats and the host plant of Pilemia tigrina in Western Stara Planina Mts. A – near Milanovo, 25.iv.2021; B – near Zverino, 25.iv.2021; C – near Eliseyna, 25.iv.2021; D, E – near Beledie Han, 15.v.2021; F – the last locality and date, P. tigrina on its host plant.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Рис. 2. Основные места концентрации фуражирующих особей Bombus distinguendus в АрхангеΛьской обΛасти: 1 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг с Trifolium pratense и Trifolium repens в окрестностях гороΑа Мезень; 2 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг по обочине Αороги с Centaurea scabiosa в окрестностях сеΛа ХоΛмогоры; 3 – Агроценоз со Stachys palustris в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина; 4 — РуΑераΛьное сообщество с Chamaenerion angustifolium в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина Fig. 2. Typical foraging habitats of Bombus distinguendus in Arkhangelsk Oblast: 1 — Meadow with Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens near the town of Mezen; 2 — Roadside meadow with Centaurea scabiosa near the village of Kholmogory; 3 — Agricultural habitat with Stachys palustris in the delta of the Northern Dvina River; 4 — Ruderal community with Chamaenerion angustifolium in the delta of the Northern Dvina River in Bombus distinguendus Morawitz, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia: Distribution, ecology and conservation

Рис. 2. Основные места концентрации фуражирующих особей Bombus distinguendus в АрхангеΛьской обΛасти: 1 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг с Trifolium pratense и Trifolium repens в окрестностях гороΑа Мезень; 2 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг по обочине Αороги с Centaurea scabiosa в окрестностях сеΛа ХоΛмогоры; 3 – Агроценоз со Stachys palustris в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина; 4 — РуΑераΛьное сообщество с Chamaenerion angustifolium в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина Fig. 2. Typical foraging habitats of Bombus distinguendus in Arkhangelsk Oblast: 1 — Meadow with Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens near the town of Mezen; 2 — Roadside meadow with Centaurea scabiosa near the village of Kholmogory; 3 — Agricultural habitat with Stachys palustris in the delta of the Northern Dvina River; 4 — Ruderal community with Chamaenerion angustifolium in the delta of the Northern Dvina River

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2014View details →

Fig. 2 in Utilisation of gravel roads and roadside forests by the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Fig. 2. Distribution of 11 tracked civets during period 1 (December 2007–December 2009) and period 2 (August–November 2010 and June–September 2011).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Dataset: Nutrient Removal in Roadside Stormwater Bioretention Cells Amended with Drinking Water Treatment Residuals

This dataset contains storm volumes and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations measured at the inflow and outflow of four roadside, lined bioretention cells in a field study conducted in Burlington, Vermont Phosphorus data are published in: Ament, M. R., Roy, E. D., Yuan, Y., & Hurley, S. E. (2022). Phosphorus removal, metals dynamics, and hydraulics in stormwater bioretention systems amended with drinking water treatment residuals. Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Environment, 8(3), 04022003. Nitrogen data are included in a manuscript currently under review.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Microhymenoptera in roadside verges and the potential of arthropod-friendly mowing for their preservation

This dataset contains data from the paper: "Haas-Renninger, M., Weber, J., Felske, I., Kimmich, T., Csader, M., Betz, O., Krogmann, L., Steidle, J. L.M. 2023. Parasitoid Hymenoptera in roadside verges and the potential of insect-friendly mowing for their preservation. Journal of Applied Entomology." The study investigates which families of parasitoid Hymenoptera occur in roadside grassland and might suffer from mowing with a conventional mowing head ("MK1200" from MULAG), which parasitoid families benefit from insect-friendly mowing using an "insect-friendly" mowing head ("Eco 1200 plus" from MULAG), and which parasitoid families benefit from the use of a flushing bar attached to the mowing head. We found specimens of 18 families from the six parasitoid superfamilies Chalcidoidea, Ceraphronoidea, Diaprioidea, Ichneumonoidea, Platygastroidea, and Proctotrupoidea. Mowing with a conventional mulching mower caused a significant loss of up to 64 % for parasitoid Hymenoptera. The Eco 1200 plus showed an insect-friendly effect only on the number of individuals of Chalcidoidea, saving 38 % of individuals compared to the conventional mower. The flushing bar showed a significant effect on total number of individuals with a reduction only on Chalcidoidea and a tendency for Ichneumonoidea with 30 % and 47 %, respectively. This study shows that mowing with a conventional mulching mower has detrimental effects on parasitoid Hymenoptera and that this effect can be partly reversed through the insect-friendly mower and a flushing bar.

publicMay 2022View details →

Roadside turfgrass seed mixtures: models and figures

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publicOct 2024View details →

From ecological menace to roadside attraction: 28 years of evidence support successful biocontrol of purple loosestrife

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publicSep 2023View details →

Microhymenoptera in roadside verges and the potential of arthropod-friendly mowing for their preservation

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opencc-zeroMar 2020View details →

Roadside diversity in relation to age and surrounding source habitat: evidence for long time lags in valuable green infrastructure

1. The severe and ongoing decline in semi-natural grassland habitat during the past two centuries means that it is important to consider how other, marginal grassland habitat elements can contribute to landscape-level biodiversity, and under what circumstances. 2. To examine how habitat age and the amount of core grassland habitat in the surrounding landscape affect diversity in green infrastructure, we carried out inventories of 36 rural road verges that were either historical (pre-1901) or modern (established post-1901 and before 1975), and were surrounded by relatively high (>15%) or low (<5%) levels of grassland habitat. We recorded the number of plant species, grassland specialists, grassland conservation species and the fraction of the landscape's species and specialists found in the road verge. 3. Road verge communities were characterised by high levels of grassland specialist species (35% of the 161 species recorded), with road verge sites supporting 15-20% of the specialist species found in the surrounding 25 km2 landscape. 4. Richness of species and specialists were more closely related to road age than to the amount of surrounding habitat. Higher diversity in historical roads, despite the majority of modern roads being at least 60 years old, suggests a long time lag in the establishment of grassland communities in marginal grassland habitats. We identified no effect of historical surrounding land use on present day diversity in road verges. 5. Road verge richness was not affected by the amount of surrounding grassland. This could be due to the relatively low amounts of grassland remaining in all landscapes, together with dispersal limitation commonly found in grassland plant communities contributing to a potential time lag. 6. We identified road verges as potentially very important habitats for grassland communities. Because of the high levels of grassland specialists present, these and other marginal grasslands and grassland green infrastructure should be explicitly considered in landscape-scale conservation management. Practitioners looking to identify the most species-rich road verges should aim to find the oldest possible, while long time lags in community assembly suggests that seed sowing may be appropriate to enhance roadside diversity, even in decades-old road verges.

opencc-by-sa-2.5Oct 2021View details →

Sacks of Roadside Acorns

These were collected for relocation (planting). I am wondering how long and how many trees it would take to remove my own carbon footprint. Two of these bags along with two bags of walnuts were used to plant both sides of 26 miles of a county road. I estimate 800 acorns, 400 walnuts, a >60% germination on the oaks, > 10-40% yield on the walnuts. Water activates germination along with cold. Sometimes the acorns are sorted out, put into gallon containers with good drainage, and rinsed daily. Other times, hand fulls, throwing scoops, and sling shots can disperse them so they are not easily found. Feeding local jay birds is a very good way to have many hidden for us and they don't eat all that they put out if they get gallons of them. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-byOct 2018View details →

An awsome 3D roadside 'objet d'art.

My 3D model generated with photogrammetry software 3DF Zephyr v4.009 processing 47 images Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Roadside disturbance promotes plant communities with arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in mountain regions worldwide

Aim: We aimed to assess the impact of road disturbances on the dominant mycorrhizal types in ecosystems at the global level and how this mechanism can potentially lead to lasting plant community changes. Location: Globally distributed mountain regions Time Period: 2007-2018 Taxa studied: Plants (linked to their associated mycorrhizal fungi) Methods: We used a database of coordinated plant community surveys following mountain roads from 894 plots in 11 mountain regions across the globe in combination with an existing database of mycorrhizal-plant associations in order to approximate the relative abundance of mycorrhizal types in natural and disturbed environments. Results: Our findings show that roadside disturbance promotes the cover of plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. This effect is especially strong in colder mountain environments and in mountain regions where plant communities are dominated by ectomycorrhizal (EcM) or ericoid-mycorrhizal (ErM) associations. Furthermore, non-native plant species, which we confirmed to be mostly AM plants, are more successful in environments dominated by AM associations. Main Conclusions: These biogeographical patterns suggest that changes in mycorrhizal types could be a crucial factor in the worldwide impact of anthropogenic disturbances on mountain ecosystems. Indeed, roadsides foster AM-dominated systems, where AM-fungi might aid AM-associated plant species while potentially reducing the biotic resistance against invasive non-native species, often also associated with AM networks. Restoration efforts in mountain ecosystems will have to contend with changes in the fundamental make-up of EcM- and ErM plant communities induced by roadside disturbance.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Invasion away from roadsides was not driven by adaptation to grassland habitats in Dittrichia graveolens (stinkwort)

<div> <div> <div> <div> Invasive plants along transportation corridors can significantly threaten ecosystems and biodiversity if they spread beyond anthropogenic environments. Rapid evolution may increase the ability of invading plant populations to establish in resident plant communities over time, posing a challenge to invasion risk assessment. We tested for adaptive differentiation in Dittrichia graveolens (stinkwort), an invasive species of ruderal habitat in California that is increasingly spreading away from roadsides into more established vegetation. We collected seeds from eight pairs of vegetated sites and their nearest (presumed progenitor) roadside population. We assessed differentiation between populations in roadside and vegetated habitat for germination behavior and for response to competition in a greenhouse experiment. We also tested for increased performance in vegetated habitat with a grassland field experiment including a neighbor removal treatment. Germination rates were slightly reduced in seeds from vegetated sites, which may indicate lower seed viability. Otherwise, plants did not show consistent differences between the two habitat types. Competition strongly reduced performance of D. graveolens in both the greenhouse and in the field, but plants originating from vegetated sites did not show enhanced competitive ability. Our findings show no evidence of adaptive differentiation between D. graveolens populations from roadside and vegetated habitats to date, suggesting that invasiveness in grasslands has not been enhanced by rapid evolution in the 40+ years since this species was introduced to California. Evolutionary constraints or potentially high levels of gene flow at this small scale may limit adaptation to novel habitats along roadsides. </div> </div> </div> </div>

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Roadsides

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opencc-by-4.0Jun 2014View details →

Fig. 1 in Utilisation of gravel roads and roadside forests by the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Fig. 1. Schematic view of study area.