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Fig.ç18.A mblyops surugensis sp. nov., holotype, female (NSMT-Cr 21364). A, rst thoracopodal endopod (le); B, second thoracopod (le); C, third thoracopod (le); D, distal part of endopod of the same limb (le); E, sixth thoracopod with rudimentary oostegite; F, eighth thoracopod with developed oostegite. in The Genus Amblyops (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae: Erythropinae) from East Asia and Australia, with Descriptions of Ten New Species
Fig.ç18.A mblyops surugensis sp. nov., holotype, female (NSMT-Cr 21364). A, rst thoracopodal endopod (le); B, second thoracopod (le); C, third thoracopod (le); D, distal part of endopod of the same limb (le); E, sixth thoracopod with rudimentary oostegite; F, eighth thoracopod with developed oostegite.
Text-fig. 9. Lusitanispermum choffatii gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0769) through the median plane of the seed (S174345) showing expanded exotestal cells (ex, arrow head) in the hilar region and well-preserved cellular nutritive tissue with an embedded tiny embryo (asterisk markes the margin of the embryo); note well-developed mesotesta (me) on the raphal side of seed. b) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0750) in the median plane showing detail of micropylar part of seed with well-preserved exotesta (ex) and mesotesta (me) and tiny embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks mark the margin of the cotyledons); note numerous granular bodies in the cellular nutritive tissue that are probably the remains of protein and lipid bodies. c) Transverse orthoslice (xy0311) through seed below hilum showing the bulging exotesta (arrow heads) (S174472); note that the exotestal cells in this region have thinner walls (arrows). d) Transverse orthoslice (xy0900) through the middle of a seed showing the uneven thickening of the anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (ex), which are thicker towards the outside and very thin towards the inside; note also mesotesta (me) and the well-preserved cellular nutritive tissue (S174472). Scale bars = 500 µm (a, d); 250 µm (b, c). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 9. Lusitanispermum choffatii gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0769) through the median plane of the seed (S174345) showing expanded exotestal cells (ex, arrow head) in the hilar region and well-preserved cellular nutritive tissue with an embedded tiny embryo (asterisk markes the margin of the embryo); note well-developed mesotesta (me) on the raphal side of seed. b) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0750) in the median plane showing detail of micropylar part of seed with well-preserved exotesta (ex) and mesotesta (me) and tiny embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks mark the margin of the cotyledons); note numerous granular bodies in the cellular nutritive tissue that are probably the remains of protein and lipid bodies. c) Transverse orthoslice (xy0311) through seed below hilum showing the bulging exotesta (arrow heads) (S174472); note that the exotestal cells in this region have thinner walls (arrows). d) Transverse orthoslice (xy0900) through the middle of a seed showing the uneven thickening of the anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (ex), which are thicker towards the outside and very thin towards the inside; note also mesotesta (me) and the well-preserved cellular nutritive tissue (S174472). Scale bars = 500 µm (a, d); 250 µm (b, c).
Text-fig. 4. Pazlia hilaris gen. et sp. nov. (a, b) from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal (holotype, S175096) and Pazliopsis reyi gen. et sp. nov. (c, d) from the Early Cretaceous Torres Vedras locality (sample 038), Portugal (S174614); Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (xy0984) through the median plane of the seed showing the strongly thickened sclerenchyma under the hilar scar (hi), micropylar slit (mi) and the raphe (ra); note cells of exotesta are almost equally tall on both raphal and anti-raphal sides of the seed and gradually become shorter towards the micropyle. b) Transverse orthoslice (xy0984) through middle of seed showing the thickened cells of the exotesta; note that cells of the exotesta are almost equally tall on both raphal and anti-raphal sides. c) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0812) through apical part of seed in the median plane showing embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks) and surrounding nutritive tissue; note the tiny cells of embryo with central structures we interpret as the fossilized remains of nuclei. d) Detail of (4c) showing tiny embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks); nutritive tissue immediately surrounding the embryo is interpreted as endosperm (endo); whether there is any delimitation between this inner endosperm and the outer part of the nutritive tissues is not clear. Scale bars = 250 µm (a–c); 125 µm (d). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 4. Pazlia hilaris gen. et sp. nov. (a, b) from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal (holotype, S175096) and Pazliopsis reyi gen. et sp. nov. (c, d) from the Early Cretaceous Torres Vedras locality (sample 038), Portugal (S174614); Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (xy0984) through the median plane of the seed showing the strongly thickened sclerenchyma under the hilar scar (hi), micropylar slit (mi) and the raphe (ra); note cells of exotesta are almost equally tall on both raphal and anti-raphal sides of the seed and gradually become shorter towards the micropyle. b) Transverse orthoslice (xy0984) through middle of seed showing the thickened cells of the exotesta; note that cells of the exotesta are almost equally tall on both raphal and anti-raphal sides. c) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0812) through apical part of seed in the median plane showing embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks) and surrounding nutritive tissue; note the tiny cells of embryo with central structures we interpret as the fossilized remains of nuclei. d) Detail of (4c) showing tiny embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons (asterisks); nutritive tissue immediately surrounding the embryo is interpreted as endosperm (endo); whether there is any delimitation between this inner endosperm and the outer part of the nutritive tissues is not clear. Scale bars = 250 µm (a–c); 125 µm (d).
Figure 7. - Section of the female proboscis of the Japanese Epicephala species. All photographs were taken from non-type specimens. A Epicephalaanthophilia (slide No. AK303) B Epicephalabipollenella (slide No. AK298) C Epicephalalanceolatella (slide No. AK300) D Epicephalaperplexa (slide No. AK301) E Epicephalaobovatella (slide No. AK307) F Epicephalacorruptrix (slide No. AK304) G Epicephalavitisidaea (slide No. AK297) H Epicephalaparasitica (slide No. AK308), arrows indicate rudimentary sensilla I Epicephalanudilingua (slide No. AK309). lp, labial palp. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
Figure 7. - Section of the female proboscis of the Japanese Epicephala species. All photographs were taken from non-type specimens. A Epicephalaanthophilia (slide No. AK303) B Epicephalabipollenella (slide No. AK298) C Epicephalalanceolatella (slide No. AK300) D Epicephalaperplexa (slide No. AK301) E Epicephalaobovatella (slide No. AK307) F Epicephalacorruptrix (slide No. AK304) G Epicephalavitisidaea (slide No. AK297) H Epicephalaparasitica (slide No. AK308), arrows indicate rudimentary sensilla I Epicephalanudilingua (slide No. AK309). lp, labial palp. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
Data for: Delayed development of basal spikelets in wheat explains their increased floret abortion and rudimentary nature
<p>Large differences exist in the number of grains per spikelet across an individual wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum L.</em>) spike. The central spikelets produce the highest number of grains while apical and basal spikelets are less productive, and most basal spikelets are commonly only formed rudimentary. Basal spikelets are delayed in initiation, yet they continue to develop and produce florets. The precise timings or the cause of their abortion remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the underlying causes of basal spikelet abortion using shading applications in the field. We found that basal spikelet abortion is likely the consequence of complete floret abortion, as both occur concurrently and have the same response to shading treatments. We detected no differences in assimilate availability across the spike. Instead, we show that the reduced developmental age of basal florets pre-anthesis is strongly associated with their increased abortion. Using the developmental age pre-abortion, we were able to predict final grain set per spikelet across the spike, alongside the characteristic gradient in the number of grains from basal to central spikelets. Future efforts to improve spikelet homogeneity across the spike could thus focus on improving basal spikelet establishment and increasing floret development rates pre-abortion.</p>
Data for: Delayed development of basal spikelets in wheat explains their increased floret abortion and rudimentary nature
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Data from: Left cortical specialization for visual letter strings predicts rudimentary knowledge of letter-sound association in preschoolers
Reading, one of the most important cultural inventions of human society, critically depends on posterior brain areas of the left hemisphere in proficient adult readers. In children, this left hemispheric cortical specialization for letter strings is typically detected only after approximately 1 y of formal schooling and reading acquisition. Here, we recorded scalp electrophysiological (EEG) brain responses in 5-y-old (n = 40) prereaders presented with letter strings appearing every five items in rapid streams of pseudofonts (6 items per second). Within 2 min of recording only, letter strings evoked a robust specific response over the left occipito-temporal cortex at the predefined frequency of 1.2 Hz (i.e., 6 Hz/5). Interindividual differences in the amplitude of this electrophysiological response are significantly related to letter knowledge, a preschool predictor of later reading ability. These results point to the high potential of this rapidly collected behavior-free measure to assess reading ability in developmental populations. These findings were replicated in a second experiment (n = 26 preschool children), where familiar symbols and line drawings of objects evoked right-lateralized and bilaterally specific responses, respectively, showing the specificity of the early left hemispheric dominance for letter strings. Collectively, these findings indicate that limited knowledge of print in young children, before formal education, is sufficient to develop specialized left lateralized neuronal circuits, thereby pointing to an early onset and rapid impact of left hemispheric reentrant sound mapping on posterior cortical development.
FIGURES 20–21. Puliciphora females, abdominal tergites 4–6 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 20–21. Puliciphora females, abdominal tergites 4–6: (20) P. reevesi; (21) P. v i rg i n i e n sis. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 18–19 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 18–19. Puliciphora females: (18) P. s u a v i s from above (after Borgmeier, 1960); (19) P. sobria, abdominal tergites 4–6. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 2–7 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 2–7. Ecitophora females, wing rudiments: (2) E. collegiana, right rudiment; (3–7) E. halterata: (3–5) right rudiments of three different specimens; (6–7) Left and right rudiments of a single specimen. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURE 1. Ecitophora halterata female, right side of thorax from above (H = head, S = scutellar bristle, W = wing rudiment, A = abdomen). Scale bar 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 16–17. Puliciphora females, abdominal tergites 4–6 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 16–17. Puliciphora females, abdominal tergites 4–6: (16) P. glacialis; (17) P. kistneri. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 22–24 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 22–24. Puliciphora triangularis: (22) female, abdominal tergite 5; (23) female, right wing rudiment; (24) male, left face of hypopygium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 8–11 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURES 8–11. Puliciphora females: (8) P. occidentalis; right wing rudiment; (9) P. occidentalis; abdominal tergite 5; (10) P. nuttingi, right wing rudiment; (11) P. nuttingi, abdominal tergite 5. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 2. A–L. Syagrus amicorum. A. Leaf sheath with woody fibers like rudimentary spines. B. Leaf blade. B1 in Syagrus amicorum, a new Arecaceae from Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 2. A–L. Syagrus amicorum. A. Leaf sheath with woody fibers like rudimentary spines. B. Leaf blade. B1. Adaxial surface of the apical portion. B2. Abaxial surface of the middle portion showing the dense floccose tomentum where the leaflets are inserted on the rachis. C. Leaflet apex. D. Middle-apical portion of the inflorescence. E. Apical portion of dry peduncular bract. F. Flowers triad at basal portion of the rachilla, a pistillate flower flanked by two lateral staminate flowers. G. Staminate flower. H. Pistillate flower. I. Fruit in lateral view. J. Fruit in top view. K. Mature fruit split at its apex, showing the mesocarp and the endocarp. L. Endocarps, one of them sectioned showing the homogeneous endosperm. Drawn by K. Soares from K. Soares et al. 67.
Raw data and initial rudimentary coding for article on country music and alcohol
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Data from: Left cortical specialization for visual letter strings predicts rudimentary knowledge of letter-sound association in preschoolers
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FIGURE 25. Puliciphora borinquenensis female, abdominal tergites 4–6 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURE 25. Puliciphora borinquenensis female, abdominal tergites 4–6. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Pol II Transcription Elongation Factor ELL Functions as Part of a Rudimentary Super Elongation Complex
GEO Series GSE115636. Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 40 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.