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138 results for “scrub”
Patterns of root biomass, productivity, turnover, and decomposition in riverine and scrub mangroves in the Everglades, Florida, USA, immediate-post-Irma, 2018-2019, and post-Irma, 2023-2024
Mangrove root biomass, productivity, and decomposition in the shallow (0-45 cm depth) root zone were estimated at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) Program Shark River (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6, SRS7) and Taylor River (TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b) mangrove sites during 2018-2019 and 2023-2024 following Hurricane Irma’s impacts in September 2017. Root biomass was estimated at all sites during both immediate-post-Irma (March 2018) and post-Irma (February-May 2023) periods with a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). After collection, root cores were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles. Roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color into biomass (live) and necromass (dead) components (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011; Cormier et al. 2015; Medina-Calderon et al. 2021). Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed to estimate root biomass and necromass (g m-2). Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique (Vogt et al., 1998) during both the immediate-post-Irma and post-Irma periods using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites. Ingrowth cores were installed in each of the cored holes formed during sampling of root biomass. At each
Data from: The thermal limits of native plant species in California Coastal Sage Scrub
<p>Field and laboratory data for Goldsmith et al. (<em>In Review</em>) entitled, "The thermal limits of native plant species in California Coastal Sage Scrub." Four data files are included: </p> <p><strong><em>Goldsmithetal_PlantFunctionalTraitMetaData-18July24.xlsx </em></strong>-Provides metadata (header, description, units, measurement type, and expample) for each column of the file entitled "<em>Goldsmithetal_PlantFunctionalTraitData-18July24.csv." </em></p> <p><em><strong>Goldsmithetal_PlantFunctionalTraitData-18July24.csv </strong>- </em>Provides raw data for field and lab observations of plant functional traits as described in the methods section of this data record. </p> <p><em><strong>Goldsmithetal_PlantFvFmLabData-29March24.csv </strong>- </em>Provides raw data for experimental lab observations of leaf fv/fm following experimental heat treatments as described in the methods section of this data record. <em><br></em></p> <p><em><strong>Goldsmithetal_PlantFvFmLabMetaData-2Aug23.xlsx</strong> - </em>Provides metadata (header, description, units, measurement type, and expample) for each column of the file entitled "Goldsmithetal_PlantFvFmLabData-29March24.csv." </p> <p> </p> <p>Contact Greg Goldsmith (goldsmith at chapman dot edu) for additional information. </p>
A scrubbed subset of near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations on the San Joaquin Experimental Range, California, 2012-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies at the San Joaquin Experimental Range (Lat 37.083, Long -119.716, elevation 210-520 m, www.fs.fed.us/psw/ef/san_joaquin/). Temperature sensors were located at 23 sites across the landscape. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges, and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within a site, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens. An additional 18 sensors were placed along three transects over the landscape running E-W. They were placed strategically to sample topographic inflection points (hill tops and valley bottoms) as well as north and south facing slopes. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor, using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
A scrubbed subset of near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations on Teakettle Experimental Forest, California, 2011-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies at the Teakettle Experimental Forest (Lat 36.967, Long -119.017, elevation 2000-2800 m, www.fs.fed.us/psw/ef/teakettle/). Temperature sensors were located at 44 sites across the landscape. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within select sites, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens (see garden schematic for details). An additional 33 sites were located across the site by way of a stratified sampling scheme which targeted low, medium, and high elevation areas, low, medium, and high radiation areas, and cold air pooling areas. In June 2012, in order to concentrate sensors in a smaller study area (ease of access and to make this more similar to other sites, 22 sites were "retired," and 7 new sites were installed, for a total of 18 during the remainder of the study. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor. using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
A scrubbed subset of near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations in the foothills of the Tehachapi mountains at Tejon Ranch, California, 2011-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies in the foothills of the Tehachapi mountains at Tejon Ranch (Lat 34.983, Long -118.716, elevation 750-930 m, www.tejonranch.com). Temperature sensors were located at 23 sites across the Tehachapi foothills. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within a site, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens. An additional 18 sensors were placed along three transects over the landscape running N-S. They were placed strategically to sample topographic inflection points (hill tops and valley bottoms) as well as north and south facing slopes. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor. using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
A scrubbed subset of near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations in the Tehachapi mountains at Tejon Ranch, California, 2011-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies in the Tehachapi mountains at Tejon Ranch (Lat 34.967, Long -118.583, elevation 1600-1700 m, www.tejonranch.com). Temperature sensors were located at 23 sites across the Tehachapi foothills. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within a site, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens. An additional 18 sensors were placed along three transects over the landscape running N-S. They were placed strategically to sample topographic inflection points (hill tops and valley bottoms) as well as north and south facing slopes. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor. using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
Stomatal Distribution and Post-fire Recovery: Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Plants of the Pyrogenic Florida Scrub, 2023-2024
Premise of the study: Amphistomy is the presence of stomata on both leaf surfaces. This distribution of stomata can increase photosynthesis, but is relatively infrequent, which is often attributed to high costs such as water loss. This study takes place in the Florida scrub- a hot, dry, shrub-dominated habitat that naturally experiences fire. However, decades of anthropogenic suppression and the reintroduction of controlled burns has created varied fire regimes across the region. In this study, we investigated the links between amphistomy and fire by determining (1) how common the trait is in this habitat, and (2) within-species variation before and after experimental fire, and across a time-since-fire gradient (0.25 - 50 years). Methods: We (1) surveyed 116 plant species across scrub habitats for amphistomy presence, and (2) experimentally and observationally investigated intraspecific variation in stomatal traits in response to fire for two post-fire resprouting species of palmetto, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia (Arecaceae). Key results: Amphistomy was present in 62.9% of all surveyed species and 85.7% of post-fire obligate reseeders, suggesting amphistomy may be beneficial in this group and in the Florida scrub conditions. The stomatal ratio (upper/total stomatal density) was generally stable in response to fire. Stomatal density decreased following fire in S. etonia, with both species experiencing high variation in the post-fire years. Conclusions: Amphistomy is common in this habitat and relatively stable within species in response to fire, while stomatal density responds plastically during postfire regrowth.
FCE LTER Taylor Slough/Panhandle-7 Site Scrub Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) Leaf Gas Exchange Data, Florida, USA from January-December 2019
Rates of leaf gas exchange were measured monthly during the 2019 calendar year in a scrub Red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle (L.) L.) forest site (TS/Ph-7) near the mouth of Taylor River in southeastern Florida Everglades. Sampling of green mature leaves was designed to target scrub mangrove tree branches growing on slightly higher elevation mangrove island centers versus permanently inundated island edge habitats. Concurrent measurements of water depth and surface and porewater salinity were collected at each of the mangrove island habitats, with the research objective of assessing the effect of physicochemical variables on rates of leaf gas exchange (i.e., assimilation and stomatal conductance). Leaf gas exchange data were collected using the Li-6800 portable photosynthesis system (Li-COR, Lincoln, NE). Additional data on leaf functional traits and nutrient concentrations and environmental data from the site are included. Data are presented in five datasets (.csv).
Root productivity of riverine and scrub mangroves from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, March 2024 - April 2024
Root productivity of riverine and scrub mangroves in the Florida Everglades: Mangrove root productivity in the shallow root zone (0-45 cm depth) was estimated at all Shark River (SRS-4, SRS-5, SRS-6, SRS-7) and Taylor River (TS/Ph-6, TS/Ph-7) sites in March-April 2024. Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites as previously reported by Castañeda-Moya et al. (2011). Ingrowth cores were installed in holes made out with a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length). At each site, 8 ingrowth cores were deployed vertically into the soil to a depth of 45 cm and retrieved one year later (March-April 2024). After collection, ingrowth cores were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles and peat moss material. Live roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011; Cormier et al. 2015; Medina-Calderon et al. 2021). Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed. Root growth within each ingrowth core following one year of incubation was used to estimate annual root productivity (g m⁻² yr⁻¹) in the shallow root zone across all mangrove sites. All data collection and processing were funded by FCE-LTER. Data collection is complete. References: Castañeda-Moya, E., R.R. Twilley, V.H. Rivera-
Scrub Mangrove Annual Leaf Net Primary Production Data in Taylor River Slough, Florida Everglades, Florida, USA (FCE LTER): 2012-2021
Foliar Net Primary Productivity (NPPF) of monospecific Rhizophora mangle scrub mangroves (tree height <2.5m) was assessed using modified leaf-tagging techniques (direct count, ring tracking) in the lower Everglades Taylor Slough (FCE-LTER sites: TS/Ph6b and TS/Ph7b). Rings made with plastic zip ties were used to mark and track new and old leaves twice yearly (dry vs. wet season). During each sampling period, total old and new leaves were counted in previously selected branches in vegetated areas inside 20 x 20 m plots (replicates) in each site. Data collection is complete. This data set is analyzed and discussed in the publication Rivera-Monroy et al. Linking Scrub Mangroves Long-Term (2012-2021) Foliar Net Primary Productivity and Spatial Distribution in the Everglades (Florida, USA): A Leaf Tagging Approach
Root biomass, productivity, and turnover of riverine and scrub mangroves in the Everglades, Florida, USA, 2000-2006
Mangrove root biomass and productivity in the shallow (0-45 cm depth) and deeper (45-90 cm) root zones were estimated at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) Program Shark River (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6) and Taylor River (TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b, TS/Ph8) mangrove sites during 2000-2006. Root biomass was estimated at all sites using a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length). After collection, root cores from each zone were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles. Live roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color. Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed to estimate root biomass (g m-2). Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique (Vogt et al., 1998). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites. Ingrowth cores were installed in each of the cored holes formed during sampling of root biomass. At each site, ingrowth cores were deployed vertically into the soil and retrieved at one- and three-year intervals, and the subsequent root growth within the ingrowth core was used to estimate annual root production (g m-2 yr-1) in the shallow and deeper root zones across all mangrove sites. After collection, ingrowth cores were processed individually using the same protocol as for root biomass. Root turnover rate in the shallow root zone was calculated as root productivity divided by root biomass of each root size class at all site
Scrubbed data on Wikipedians in Residence in Libraries based on the Mapping GLAM-Wiki collaborations
<p><strong>Source</strong>: </p> <p><a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1UVN-T19g5tE7cONFCkiBkquBJiecoU-w4Rb6F-qR6II/edit#gid=791098161">GLAM-Wiki Activities Mapping - Community Review and Feedback Sheet</a></p> <p><strong>Source's context: </strong></p> <p>Gill, Satdeep. ‘Mapping GLAM-Wiki Collaborations’. <em>This Month in GLAM</em>, March 2020. <a href="https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Newsletter/March_2020/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report">https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Newsletter/March_2020/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Data was scrubbed using <a href="https://openrefine.org/download.html">OpenRefine 3.4.1</a></p> <p>The original spreadsheet had only partial information in many fields and it is a work in progress (for more see the "source's context" link above).</p> <p>I have only manually double checked those rows in which the “Primary partner institution” contains the stem “libr*” or “bibli*. The following eight rows where modified and “Library” was added in the “Type of institution” column: Municipal Library, Patiala, BRAU Library of the University of Naples Federico II, Library and Archives Canada, Eötvös Loránd University Library and Archives, National Health Library and Knowledge Service, National Doctors Training and Planning, Daniel Cosío Villegas Library, Cantonal and University Library, Nationaal Archief | Koninklijke Bibliotheek; and “Library association” was added to the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) entry. All changes can be seen in the <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/ae475409-a2a8-4e51-98e2-68b3090d0fd0/WiRs-in-libraries_MGW_scrubbing-changes.json">WiRs-in-libraries_MGW_scrubbing-changes.json</a> file in this release.</p>
Soil moisture data across a Florida scrub and sandhill landscape collected from 1998-2018 at Archbold Biological Station
This project was initiated 1998 to examine the variation in percent soil moisture in relation to rainfall, vegetation type, gaps, and time-since-fire in upland habitats at Archbold Biological Station, in south-central Florida. Data were collected from 78 sampling points across four vegetation types (rosemary scrub, scrubby flatwoods, oak-hickory scrub and sandy roadsides) with different time-since-fires (2-3 years or >20 years post-fire). In January 2006, 30 additional sampling points were added to include a fourth vegetation type (southern ridge sandhill). Data were collected at three depths below the soil surface (10, 50 and 90 cm) weekly (1 October 1998 – 9 June 1999), then bi-weekly (23 June 1999 – 3 October 2001), monthly (17 October 2001 – 15 June 2011), and every other month thereafter until the project ended on 16 July 2018.
Total numbers and species of insects taken from rock scrubbings during the summer of 1984-1988, 1993-1994, 1996-1998, in the Kuparuk River experimental reach near Toolik Field Station, North Slope Alaska..
A rock-scrubbing technique was used to collect bottom samples at several different stations with three replicates at each station in the Kuparuk River. The stations are measured relative to the 1984 phosphorus dripper. Only July sampling dates are included in this file (ACG). The samples were preserved in ethanol then picked, sorted, counted, and measured in Duluth using a NIKON MICRO-PLAN II digitizing pad.
Patterns of root biomass, productivity, and turnover in riverine and scrub mangroves post-Hurricane Wilma in the Everglades, Florida, USA, 2012-2013
Mangrove root biomass, productivity, and turnover in the shallow (0-45 cm depth) root zone were estimated at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) Program Shark River (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6) and Taylor River (TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b) mangrove sites during 2012-2013 following Hurricane Wilma’s impacts in October 2005. Root biomass was estimated at all sites in May 2012 with a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). After collection, root cores were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles. Live roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011; Cormier et al. 2015; Medina-Calderon et al. 2021). Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed to estimate root biomass (g m-2). Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique (Vogt et al., 1998) using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites. Ingrowth cores were installed in each of the cored holes formed during sampling of root biomass. At each site, ingrowth cores were deployed vertically into the soil to a depth of 45 cm and retrieved one year later (June 2013). Root growth within the ingrowth core was used to estimate annual root production (g m-2 yr-1) in
Data from: Evolutionary and demographic history of the Californian scrub white oak species complex: an integrative approach
<p>Understanding the factors promoting species formation is a major task in evolutionary research. Here, we employ an integrative approach to study the evolutionary history of the Californian scrub white oak species complex (genus <em>Quercus</em>). To infer the relative importance of geographical isolation and ecological divergence in driving the speciation process, we (i) analyzed inter- and intra-specific patterns of genetic differentiation and employed an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) framework to evaluate different plausible scenarios of species divergence. In a second step, we (ii) linked the inferred divergence pathways with current and past species distribution models, and (iii) tested for niche differentiation and phylogenetic niche conservatism across taxa. ABC analyses showed that the most plausible scenario is the one considering the divergence of two main lineages followed by a more recent pulse of speciation. Genotypic data in conjunction with species distribution models and niche differentiation analyses support that different factors (geography vs. environment) and modes of speciation (parapatry, allopatry and maybe sympatry) have played a role in the divergence process within this complex. We found no significant relationship between genetic differentiation and niche overlap, which probably reflects niche lability and/or that multiple factors have contributed to speciation. Our study shows that different mechanisms can drive divergence even among closely related taxa representing early stages of species formation and exemplifies the importance of adopting integrative approaches to get a better understanding of the speciation process.</p>
SCRUB THE HUB
<p>Scrub The Hub</p>
Multistate modeling of Florida scrub-jay adult survival and breeding transitions
<p><strong>Metadata for data file “MS4APR2020 ALL ENTER 2 STATES.txt” for the research published in Ecosphere Article ECS21-0698</strong></p> <p>Multistate modeling of Florida scrub-jay adult survival and breeding transitions</p> <p>David R. Breininger<sup>1</sup>†, Geoffrey M. Carter<sup>1</sup>, Stephanie A. Legare<sup>1</sup> William V. Payne<sup>1</sup>, Eric D. Stolen<sup>1</sup>, Daniel J. Breininger<sup>2</sup>, James E. Lyon<sup>3</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>Herndon Solutions Group, LLC, NASA Environmental and Medical Contract, NEM-022, Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, U.S.A.</p> <p><sup>2</sup>Department of Mathematics, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne FL, 32899 U.S.A.</p> <p><sup>3</sup>Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Titusville FL 32901, U.S.A.</p> <p>†<em> Corresponding author: </em>e-mail: <a href="mailto:david.r.breininger@nasa.gov">david.r.breininger@nasa.gov</a></p> <p>The data uses input file format described in the Program MARK manual (White and Burnham 1999, Cooch and White 2006). Each record (row) starts with an adult bird’s capture history, followed by group variables (each bird belongs to only one group) and then covariates, which here are all time specific. Time starts with 2001 and ends with 2015. Periods “.” in the capture history represented birds that were censored because the study sites were discontinued. </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p> </p> <p>The first 15 columns represent states from 2001 to 2015 where “I” refers to nonbreeder, “2” refers to breeder and “0” occurs when the bird is not observed.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Spaces occur after the capture history and between group variables and covariates.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The first group variable identifies males if given a "1".</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The second group variable identifies females if given a :1".</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The third and final group membership identifies birds of unknown sex if given a "1".</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>All following data refer to time-specific covariates except for the semicolon at the end of each individual's record.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The first 14 covariates refer to whether a bird resided on the study site edge (0) or interior (1).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The 2nd set of 14 covariates refer density (number of pairs/potential pairs) within the local population.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The 3rd set of 14 covariates refer to population breeder mortality rates (number of banded breeders that died/number of banded breeders).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>The final set of 14 covariates refer to mean family group size of adults in each local population.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021). in Floristic, Vegetation And Climate Assessment Of The Early/Middle Miocene Parschlug Flora Indicates A Distinctly Seasonal Climate
Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021).
The Provincelands of Cape Cod National Seashore, Barnstable County, Massachusetts, USA. The reddish vegetation in the center of the photo is a cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) bog, a wetland used for breeding by the Fowler's toad. The surrounding landscape is ideal for the Fowler's toad and supports one of the largest populations of this species in the United States. The landscape contains a patchwork of sand, pitch pine (Pinus rigida), scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia), and dune grass (Ammophila breviligulata). Photo by Rebecca Flaherty. in Fowler's Toad (Anaxyrus fowleri) occupancy in the southern mid-Atlantic, USA
The Provincelands of Cape Cod National Seashore, Barnstable County, Massachusetts, USA. The reddish vegetation in the center of the photo is a cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) bog, a wetland used for breeding by the Fowler's toad. The surrounding landscape is ideal for the Fowler's toad and supports one of the largest populations of this species in the United States. The landscape contains a patchwork of sand, pitch pine (Pinus rigida), scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia), and dune grass (Ammophila breviligulata). Photo by Rebecca Flaherty.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.