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5 results for “seed bank genetics”
Genetic variation in an ephemeral mudflat species: the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal in river and secondary anthropogenic habitats
<p>Many ephemeral mudflat species, which rely on a soil seed bank to build up the next generation, are endangered in their natural habitat due to the widespread regulation of rivers. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal for the maintenance of genetic diversity in populations of near-natural river habitats and anthropogenic habitats created by traditional fish farming practices using <i>Cyperus fuscus</i> as a model. Using microsatellite markers, we found no difference in genetic diversity levels between soil seed bank and above-ground population and only moderate differentiation between the two fractions. One possible interpretation is the difference in short-term selection during germination under specific conditions (glasshouse versus field) resulting in an ecological filtering of genotypes out of the reservoir in the soil. River populations harboured significantly more genetic diversity than populations from the anthropogenic pond types. We suggest that altered levels and patterns of dispersal together with stronger selection pressures and historical bottlenecks in anthropogenic habitats are responsible for the observed reduction in genetic diversity. Dispersal is also supposed to largely prohibit genetic structure across Europe, although there is a gradient in private allelic richness from southern Europe and Anatolia (high values) to northern, especially north-western, Europe (low values), which probably relates to postglacial expansion out of southern and/or eastern refugia.</p>
Data from: A century of genetic variation inferred from a persistent soil-stored seed bank
Stratigraphic accretion of dormant propagules in soil can result in natural archives useful for studying ecological and evolutionary responses to environmental change. Few attempts have been made, however, to use soil-stored seed banks as natural archives, in part because of concerns over non-random attrition and mixed stratification. Here we examine the persistent seed bank of Schoenoplectus americanus, a foundational brackish marsh sedge, to determine whether it can serve as a resource for reconstructing historical records of demographic and population genetic variation. After assembling profiles of the seed bank from radionuclide dated soil cores, we germinated seeds to 'resurrect' cohorts spanning the 20th century. Using microsatellite markers, we assessed genetic diversity and differentiation among depth cohorts, drawing comparisons to extant plants at the study site and in nearby and more distant marshes. We found that seed density peaked at intermediate soil depths. We also detected genotypic differences among cohorts as well as between cohorts and extant plants. Genetic diversity did not decline with depth, indicating that the observed pattern of differentiation is not due to attrition. Patterns of differentiation within and among extant marshes also suggest that local populations persist as aggregates of small clones, likely reflecting repeated seedling recruitment and low immigration from admixed regional gene pools. These findings indicate that persistent and stratified soil-stored seed banks merit further consideration as resources for reconstructing decadal-to-century long records that can lend insight into the tempo and nature of ecological and evolutionary processes that shape populations over time.
Differential Role of a persistent Seed Bank for genetic Variation in early vs. late successional Stages
<p>The file contains data of AFLP analyses of the perennial plant <em>Viola elatior</em>, collected in populations in Germany and the Czech Republic.</p> <p>The first sheet contains a read-me describing the data that reads as follows: "Presence/absence matrix (1/0) of AFLP markers. The first column provides the sample ID (R - Upper Rhine region; T - Thaya/Morava region; M - meadow habitat; W - woodland habitat; sb - seedbank sample) and second and third column provides coordinates used for analyses of small-scale spatial genetic structure. Note that for SB cohorts, only samples originating from soil pools with a maximum distance of 4 m between the two soil sampling sites (cf. SB sampling strategy in M&M) were considered, using the corresponding midpoint coordinates, respectively. The first row provides the marker ID (selective primer combination + fragment size in bp). Selective Primer Combinations: F1 - FAM_AAC-CTA; F2 - FAM_ACT-CAA; V1 - VIC_ACA-CAA; V2 - VIC_ACA-CTC; N1 - NED_AAG-CAC; N2 - NED_AAG-CTC; P1 - PET_AGC-CAA; P2 - PET_AGG-CTC".</p> <p>We used the data to compare genetic variation of aboveground and seed bank cohorts in 15 populations of the partially cleistogamous <em>Viola elatior</em> in two contrasting early and late successional habitats characterized by strong differences in light-availability and declining population size. Using AFLP markers, we found significantly higher aboveground than seed bank genetic diversity in early successional meadow but not in late successional woodland habitats.</p>
Genetic variation in an ephemeral mudflat species: the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal in river and secondary anthropogenic habitats
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Data from: A century of genetic variation inferred from a persistent soil-stored seed bank
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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