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Figure 3 in The lure of hidden death: development of an attract-and-kill strategy against Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) combining semiochemicals and entomopathogenic nematodes

Figure 3. Mean number of holes in the potato food source after infection according to nematode populations across time ((S. carpocapsae e-nema: χ2 = 73.62, p <0.001; S. feltiae AM25: χ2 = 5.03, p = 0.02, respectively). Light bars correspond to the treatments without potato extract, and the dark bars correspond to the treatments with addition of potato extract. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean.

Figure 5 in The lure of hidden death: development of an attract-and-kill strategy against Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) combining semiochemicals and entomopathogenic nematodes

Figure 5. Proportion of molting wireworms according to nematode population across time (χ2 = 0.17, p = 0.92). Light bars correspond to the treatments without potato extract, and the dark bars correspond to the treatments with addition of potato extract. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.

Figure 1 in The lure of hidden death: development of an attract-and-kill strategy against Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) combining semiochemicals and entomopathogenic nematodes

Figure 1. Proportion of dead wireworms over time after the application of different nematode strains (χ2 = 57.76, p <0.001). Hb stands for Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Sc stands for Steinernema carpocapsae, and Sf stands for Steinernema feltiae. Control corresponds to absence of EPNs. The stars indicate that the concerned strains are responsible for a significantly higher mortality (Tukey HSD; p <0.05).

Figure 4 in The lure of hidden death: development of an attract-and-kill strategy against Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) combining semiochemicals and entomopathogenic nematodes

Figure 4. Proportion of dead wireworms according to nematode populations across time. Light bars correspond to the treatments without potato extract (χ2 = 0.96; p = 0.62), and the dark bars correspond to the treatments with addition of potato extract (χ2 = 6.50; p = 0.01). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.

Fig. 2 in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 2. Olfactometer model used in the experiment of ant responses to healthy or unhealthy fungus in the Y-shaped choice system.

Fig. 4. A in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 4. A: Mean percent area and standard deviation (confidence interval) of volatiles emited by the fungus; B: healthy fungus and fungus with cycloheximide for 7 d; C: healthy fungus and fungus with cycloheximide for 14 d.

Fig. 1. Fungus garden. A in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 1. Fungus garden. A: Fungus healthy; B: fungus with incorporation of pellets with cycloheximide on d 7 of the experiment; and C: fungus on d 14 of the experiment.

Fig. 6 in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 6. Means and confidence interval of disks transported containing healthy and unhealthy fungus extract into the colony.

Fig. 5 in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 5. Percent and confidence interval of ant choice in the Y-shaped choice system. A: Chamber with healthy fungus and chamber without fungus; B: chamber with healthy fungus and chamber without healthy fungus; C: chamber containing fungus with cycloheximide for 7 d and chamber without fungus; D: chamber with healthy fungus and chamber containing fungus with cycloheximide for 7 d; E: chamber containing fungus with cycloheximide for 14 d and chamber without fungus; F: chamber with healthy fungus and chamber containing fungus with cycloheximide for 14 d.

Fig. 3 in A volatile semiochemical released by the fungus garden of leaf-cutting ants

Fig. 3. Volatiles emited by the fungus. A: Healthy fungus; B: fungus without cycloheximide for 7 d; C: fungus without cycloheximide for 14 d; D: fungus with cycloheximide for 7 d; E: fungus with cycloheximide for 14 d.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Data from: Distribution of the specialist aphid Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum (Homoptera: Aphididae) in response to host plant semiochemical induction by the gall fly Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Many plants use terpenoids and other volatile compounds as semiochemicals. Reception of plant volatiles by conspecifics may trigger a defensive phytochemical response. These same compounds can also function as host recognition signals for phytophagous insects. In this experiment we find that when the specialist gall-forming fly Eurosta solidaginis attacks its tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima) host plant, the fly indirectly induces a phytochemical response in nearby tall goldenrod plants. This phytochemical response may, in turn, act as a positive signal attracting the goldenrod specialist aphid Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum. Laboratory based experiments exposing ungalled tall goldenrod plants to the volatiles released by E. solidaginis galls demonstrated a consistent increase in foliar terpenoid concentrations in ungalled plants. Analysis of tall goldenrod stem and gall tissue chemistry revealed induction of terpenoids in gall tissue, with a simultaneous decrease in green leaf volatile concentrations. Field experiments demonstrated a consistent spatial relationship in tall goldenrod foliar terpenoid concentrations with distance from an E. solidaginis gall. Both laboratory and field experiments establish consistent induction of the terpene β-farnesene, and that this compound is a strong positive predictor of U. nigrotuberculatum aphid presence on goldenrod plants along with plant biomass and several other foliar terpenoids. These findings suggest E. solidaginis induced phytochemistry, especially β-farnesene, may be acting as a kairomone, driving aphid distribution in the field.

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Raw data testing colour and non-target semiochemical lures on Psylloidea and Pentatomoidea in Perth, Western Australia

This raw data tests the following: 1. Asian Citrus Psyllid and Brown Marmorated Stinkbug lures, 2. sentinal plants (citrus/tomato) and 3. colour (yellow/yellow-green) on the tomato potato psyllid, other triozids, other psyllids and stinkbugs in Perth Western Australia in October 2020

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Using semiochemicals to predict biotic resistance and facilitation of invading phytophagous insects

Invasive species are leading causes of biodiversity loss and economic damage. Allocating limited resources towards prevention and management of invasions requires risk assessments based on ecological knowledge for species of potential concern. Interactions of potentially invasive species with heterospecifics in a novel community will contribute to biotic resistance and facilitation experienced by the invader, and thus the likelihood of establishment. To experimentally predict heterospecific interactions, we conducted field experiments using synthetic aggregation-pheromone lures to measure the response of ecologically relevant species (possible predators, competitors, and facilitators) to the simulated presence of two potentially invasive spruce bark beetles, the North American Dendroctonus rufipennis (tested in Norway) and the European Ips typographus (tested in eastern Canada). The Canadian beetle community responded strongly to I. typographus lures, suggesting potential for considerable biotic resistance, whereas D. rufipennis lures prompted little response by the Norwegian beetle community. D. rufipennis was attracted to I. typographus lures, suggesting potential facilitation between these species through cooperative mass attack on trees. Our findings will inform invasive-species risk assessments for I. typographus and D. rufipennis and highlight useful methods for assessing interactions among other taxa that rely heavily on semiochemical communication.

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FIGURE 1 in The longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of Kentucky with notes on larval hosts, adult nectar use, and semiochemical attraction

FIGURE 1. Distribution of specimen records and Level III ecoregions within Kentucky (A), and heatmap of specimen density and the counties of Kentucky (B).

opennotspecifiedJan 2023View details →

publicJun 2020View details →

Data from: Distribution of the specialist aphid Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum (Homoptera: Aphididae) in response to host plant semiochemical induction by the gall fly Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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publicOct 2022View details →

Using semiochemicals to predict biotic resistance and facilitation of invading phytophagous insects

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publicOct 2025View details →

Data from: Conspecific semiochemical tracks on host plants modulate reproduction and defense in Parthenium beetles

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Data for paper "Using synthetic semiochemicals to train canines to detect bark beetle-infested trees" in Ann For Sci

ESM_0      Photo. Entrainment of semiochemicals with Porapak ® Q plug from cylinders used in stimuli delivery in dog training platform. (DOCX) ESM_1      Fig. Educational scent platform. (PDF) ESM_2      Fig. Training platform stimuli layout and decline in response to no target scent. (PDF) ESM_3      Table. Evaluation of the dog detection performance as number of indications with decreasing amounts of scent molecules over time. (PDF) ESM_4_V1 Video. Educational scent platform in operation. (AVI) ESM_4_V2 Video. Placement of cotton scent pad and the location of the scent by dog on a pine (a non-host tree of the beetle). (AVI) ESM_4_V3 Video. The search, GPS tracking, and location of natural attacks. (AVI) ESM_4_V4 Video. The search, location of two adjacent natural attacks, and rewarding. (AVI) The dog detection allows timely removal by sanitation logging of first beetle-attacked trees before offspring emergence, preventing local beetle increases. Detection dogs rapidly learned responding to synthetic bark beetle pheromone components, with known chemical titres, allowing search training during winter in laboratory and field. Dogs trained on synthetics detected naturally attacked trees in summer at a distance of >100 m.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2019View details →

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Figure 2 in The lure of hidden death: development of an attract-and-kill strategy against Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) combining semiochemicals and entomopathogenic nematodes

Figure 2. Proportion of eating wireworms over time after the application of two different nematode strains (χ2 = 56.77, p <0.001). Light bars correspond to the treatments without potato extract, and the dark bars correspond to the treatments with addition of potato extract. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.