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388 results for “snapping shrimp”
Fig. 3 in A new western Atlantic snapping shrimp of the Alpheus macrocheles group (Caridea, Alpheidae) revealed by morphological, molecular and color data
Fig. 3. Alpheus ramosportoae sp. nov., paratype, ♂, from seamounts of the North Chain, Ceará, northeastern Brazil (MOUFPE 13703). A. Second pereiopod, lateral view. B. Third pereiopod, lateral view. C. Fourth pereiopod, lateral view. D. Fifth pereiopod, lateral view. E–G. Third to fifth pereiopods, detail of propodus, lateral view. H–I. Third and fourth pereiopods, detail of dactylus. Scale bars: A–G = 0.5 mm; H–I = 0.25 mm.
Fig. 1 in A new western Atlantic snapping shrimp of the Alpheus macrocheles group (Caridea, Alpheidae) revealed by morphological, molecular and color data
Fig. 1. Alpheus ramosportoae sp. nov. A–D. Holotype, ♂, from off Recife, state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil (MOUFPE 19470). A. Carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (setae omitted). B. Same, lateral view. C. Tooth on ventromesial carina of antennular peduncle. D. Left mandible, mesial view. E–L. Paratype, ♂, from seamounts of the North Chain, Ceará, northeastern Brazil (MOUFPE 13703). E. First maxilla, lateral view. F. Second maxilla, lateral view. G. First maxilliped, lateral view. H. Second maxilliped, lateral view. I. Third maxilliped, lateral view. J. Telson and uropods, dorsal view (setae omitted). K. Uropod, detail of the distolateral angle of the exopod. L. Uropod, detail of the posteerior margin of endopod. Scale bars: A–B, J = 1 mm; C–I, K–L = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 1 in A New Record Of The Snapping Shrimp, Alpheus Lobidens, From The Iraqi Coast (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae)
Fig. 1. Sampling site north west of the Persian-Arabian Gulf: 1 — Fao site1, 2 — Fao sit2 breakwaters, 3 — Khor Abdullah, 4 — Khor Al-Zubair and 5 — Shatt Al-Basrah Canal.
Fig. 2 in A New Record Of The Snapping Shrimp, Alpheus Lobidens, From The Iraqi Coast (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae)
Fig. 2. Alpheus cf. lobidens De Haan, 1849: A — male from Iraqi coast, (MSC.233) lateral view; B — major chela of male, C — major chela of male, fingers opened to show the plunger. Photographs by M. D. Naser.
Weapon performance and contest assessment strategies of the cavitating snaps in snapping shrimp
<p class="MsoNormal">Animals compete in contests over limited resources. Contestants forfeit once they ascertain that their opponent has greater resource holding potential (RHP) (mutual assessment) or once they reach a threshold of costs (self assessment). Functional scaling studies of contest behavior performance can inform how assessment signals, offensive capacity, and endurance scale with RHP and thereby elucidate the mechanisms through which each of these assessment types operate. Here, we performed behavioral contest analyses to determine the assessment strategies used in snapping shrimp (<em>Alpheus heterochaelis</em>) contests. Then, we used biomechanical measurements of a common contest behavior to inform how assessment might operate. We were specifically interested in the snapping behavior during which snapping shrimp fire imploding cavitation bubbles – hereafter, "snaps" – at their opponents. We showed that <em>A. heterochaelis</em> use mutual assessment early in contests. Then, when they fire snaps, they switch to cumulative assessment – a type of self assessment where contestants endure costs from their own behaviors (e.g. energy) and their opponent's (e.g. injury). Because larger individuals tend to win contests, we then tested how the maximum performance and endurance of snaps scaled with size. We measured the average angular velocity of the snapping dactyl, cavitation bubble duration, and pressure of snaps as metrics of performance. We measured 10 snaps per individual (n = 76 individuals). From this series of 10 snaps, we calculated the maximum of each metric as the maximum performance and the attrition of each metric over the course of ten snaps as a measure of endurance. Maximum performance increased with size, but endurance did not. This suggests that cumulative assessment in snapping shrimp is driven by opponent-imposed costs. Our results are not consistent with self-assessment based on endurance; however, the experiment could not fully replicate the quick succession of snaps fired in real contests. Future experiments should better replicate the rapid firing of snaps to test if endurance matters in a more ecologically relevant context. Our framework of integrating biomechanics and behavioral ecology provide a pathway to identify precise mechanisms of contest assessment and animal behavior more broadly.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: Alpheus naranjo, a new brightly coloured snapping shrimp from the Caribbean coast of Panama (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Alpheus naranjo, a new brightly coloured snapping shrimp from the Caribbean coast of Panama (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/ce0ab832-46b8-40e9-8aaa-9ca99ab24f32">https://bionomia.net/dataset/ce0ab832-46b8-40e9-8aaa-9ca99ab24f32</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/ce0ab832-46b8-40e9-8aaa-9ca99ab24f32">https://gbif.org/dataset/ce0ab832-46b8-40e9-8aaa-9ca99ab24f32</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Tradeoffs and benefits explain scaling, sex differences, and seasonal oscillations in the remarkable weapons of snapping shrimp (Alpheus spp.)
<p>Evolutionary theory suggests that individuals should express costly traits at a magnitude that optimizes the cost-benefit ratio for the trait-bearer. Trait expression varies across a species because costs and benefits vary among individuals. For example, if large individuals pay lower costs than small individuals, then larger individuals should reach optimal cost-benefit ratios at a greater magnitude of trait expression. Using the remarkable cavitation-shooting weapons found in the big claws of male and female alpheid snapping shrimp, we test whether size- and sex-dependent expenditures explain the scaling of weapon size relative to body size and why males have larger proportional weapon size than females. We found that males and females from three snapping shrimp species (<em>Alpheus</em> <em>heterochaelis</em>, <em>Alpheus</em> <em>angulosus</em>, and <em>Alpheus</em> <em>estuariensis</em>) exhibit resource allocation tradeoffs between weapon and abdomen mass. For male <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em>, the species for which we had the greatest sample size and statistical power, the smallest individuals showed the steepest tradeoff. Our extensive dataset in <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> also included data about pairing, breeding season, and egg clutch size. Therefore, we could test for reproductive tradeoffs and benefits in this species. Female <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> exhibited additional tradeoffs between weapon size and egg count, average egg volume, and total egg mass volume. For average egg volume, the smallest females exhibited the steepest tradeoff relative to weapon size. Furthermore, for both sexes, large weapons were positively correlated with the relative size of their pair mate; however, for males only, large weapons were positively correlated with being paired in the first place. In conclusion, we establish that size-dependent tradeoffs underlie reliable scaling relationships of costly traits. Furthermore, we show that males and females differ in weapon investment, suggesting that weapons are especially beneficial to males and especially burdensome to females.</p>
Developing elastic mechanisms: Ultrafast motion and cavitation emerge at the millimeter scale in juvenile snapping shrimp
<p>Organisms such as jumping froghopper insects and punching mantis shrimp use spring-based propulsion to achieve fast motion. Studies of elastic mechanisms primarily focus on fully developed and functional mechanisms in adult organisms. However, the ontogeny and development of these mechanisms can provide important insights into lower size limits of spring-based propulsion, the ecological or behavioral relevance of ultrafast movement, and the scaling of ultrafast movement. Here we examine the development of the spring-latch mechanism in the big claw snapping shrimp, <em>Alpheus</em> <em>heterochaelis</em> (Alpheidae). Adult snapping shrimp use an enlarged claw to produce high-speed strikes that generate cavitation bubbles. However, until now, it was unclear when the elastic mechanism emerges during development and whether juvenile snapping shrimp can generate cavitation at this size. We reared <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> from eggs, through their larval and postlarval stages. Starting one month after hatching, the snapping shrimp snapping claw gradually developed a spring-actuated mechanism and began snapping. We used high-speed videography (300,000 frames s<sup>-1</sup>) to measure juvenile snaps. We discovered that juvenile snapping shrimp generate the highest recorded accelerations (5.8x10<sup>5</sup> ± 3.3x10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>-2</sup>) for repeated use and underwater motion and are capable of producing cavitation at the millimeter scale. The angular velocity of snaps did not change as juveniles grew; however, juvenile snapping shrimp with larger claws produced faster linear speeds and generated larger, longer-lasting cavitation bubbles. These findings establish the development of the elastic mechanism and cavitation in snapping shrimp and provide insights into early life-history transitions in spring-actuated mechanisms.</p>
Developing elastic mechanisms: Ultrafast motion and cavitation emerge at the millimeter scale in juvenile snapping shrimp
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Weapon performance and contest assessment strategies of the cavitating snaps in snapping shrimp
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Tradeoffs and benefits explain scaling, sex differences, and seasonal oscillations in the remarkable weapons of snapping shrimp (Alpheus spp.)
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Data from: Structural and mechanical properties facilitate shock wave damping by helmet-like orbital hoods in snapping shrimp
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Base-substitution mutation rate across the nuclear genome of Alpheus snapping shrimp and the timing of isolation by the Isthmus of Panama
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FIGURE 3 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 3. Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, male (A–F, I–L) and female (G, H) from Ariake Bay Coast, Shimabara, Nagasaki, Japan, RMNH PEG 25134, topotype. (A) major cheliped, mesial view; (B) same, lateral view; (C) detail of major cheliped merus, mesial view; (D) major cheliped dactylus, lateral view; (E) minor male cheliped, mesial view; (F) same, lateral view; (G) minor female cheliped, mesial view; (H) same, lateral view; (I) second pereiopod, lateral view; (J) third pereiopod, lateral view; (K) fourth pereiopod, lateral view; (L) fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: A, B, E–L, 1 mm; C, D, 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 5. Frontal region and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (A, C, E) and lateral view (B, D, F): (A–B) Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, male (RMNH PEG 25134), topotype; (C–D) Alpheus inopinatus Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958, male (RMNH. CRUS.D. 18313); (E–F) Alpheus buckupi Almeida, Terossi, Araújo-Silva & Mantelatto, 2013, male (MZUSP 27548) [from Almeida et al. 2013, Fig. 1A, C]. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 1. Holotype of Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 deposited in the Netherlands Center for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden, Netherlands [from Yamaguchi & Baba 1993: 228, fig. 47].
FIGURE 4 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree of Alpheus lobidens sensu stricto (bold), Alpheus lobidens sensu lato (" ") and other species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 and Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888, based on 16S DNA sequence data. Numbers next to the nodes represent posterior probabilities. Probabilities <80% are not shown. Locality abbreviations: PA, Pará; PE, Pernambuco; BA, Bahia.
FIGURE 7 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 7. Minor cheliped, mesial view (A, C, E) and lateral view (B, D, F): (A–B) Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, male (RMNH PEG 25134); (C–D) Alpheus inopinatus Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958, male (RMNH.CRUS.D. 18313); (E–F) Alpheus buckupi Almeida, Terossi, Araújo-Silva & Mantelatto, 2013, male (MZUSP 27548) [see Almeida et al. 2013, Fig. 2E, F]. Black arrows indicate tooth on ventrolateral margin of merus; grey arrow indicates transverse U-shaped groove on palm. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1. Alpheus gallicus n in Description of Alpheus gallicus, a new deep-water snapping shrimp from Galicia Bank, northeastern Atlantic (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae)
FIGURE 1. Alpheus gallicus n. sp., holotype male (CL 11.5 mm), OUMNH.ZC.2017-01-0061, from Galicia Bank, NE Atlantic Ocean off western Spain: a, frontal region, dorsal; b, same, lateral; c, telson, dorsal; d, ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle; e, third maxilliped, lateral; f, second pleopod, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna, anterior (lateral); g, uropod, dorsal.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological and molecular analyses support the amphi-Atlantic distribution and taxonomic status of the snapping shrimp Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic tree of Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 and other species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 and Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888, using the Maximum Likelihood analysis of 16S gene sequences. Numbers are support values for 670 bootstraps; values <50% were not included. Locality abbreviations—BA: Bahia; CS: Caribbean Sea; GMx: Gulf of Mexico; PA: Pará; PE: Pernambuco; SC: Santa Catarina; SP: São Paulo; RJ: Rio de Janeiro.
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