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8 results for “soil available phosphorus”
Physical soil characteristics, microbial community composition, extracellular enzymatic activity, biologically based phosphorus (BBP) pools, and available phosphorus from two soil depths, four microhabitats, and four landforms at the Jornada Experimental Range, 2021.
This dataset contains physical soil characteristics, PLFA based microbial community composition, extracellular enzymatic activity, nitrate and ammonium activity, and phosphorus availability in various phosphorus pools (Biologically Based Phosphorus, potassium sulfate, Olsen-P). Soils were collected from two depths (0-2cm, 2-30 cm), four microhabitats (grass, shrub, biocrust, interspace), and four landforms (alluvial flat, alluvial fan remnant, erosional scarplet, fan piedmont – see coordinates) within the Jornada Experimental Range in July 2021 to answer questions about how these variables change across these spatial scales in drylands. This project was a collaboration between researchers at New Mexico State University and The University of Texas at El Paso as part of the Drylands Critical Zone Thematic Cluster within the Critical Zone Network. This dataset is complete.
Environmental, molecular, and life history data associated with ecological and evolutionary nematode responses to soil phosphorus availability, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
Elemental stoichiometry is a useful theoretical framework for understanding the sources and controls on nutrient availability that can structure the composition, diversity, and life history of biotic communities. One such relationship, as postulated by the growth rate hypothesis (GRH), is that organismal development rate is positively linked to cellular phosphorus (P). To test the GRH as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, we examined the effects of phosphorus (P) availability both in situ and in vitro, on the evolution of growth and development of free-living soil nematodes (primarily Plectus murrayi) that occur in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. During the 2008-2009 austral summer, we collected soils from two glacial till sequences, the Ross Sea till and Taylor II till, occurring in the Lake Fryxell and Lake Bonney basins, respectively, of Taylor Valley. Through a variety of subsequent analyses, we generated the environmental, molecular, and life history trait data contained herein. In addition, this package contains body size and biomass data for nematodes isolated from soil samples collected during the 1999-2000 and 2004-2005 austral summers.
Effects of increasing phosphorus rate on microbial dynamics and soil available P under a Lixisol soil in Zimbabwe
<p> Soil phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major challenge to the attainment of food security in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe, where farmers largely depend on local organic nutrient resources in cropping. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the influence of increasing inorganic P fertilizer rates (16, 26 and 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>) on microbial dynamics, soil P pools and maize P uptake. using soils collected from a long-term (16 seasons) maize-monocropped field experiment where organic nutrient resources of different qualty namely <em>Crotalaria juncea</em> (high quality), <em>Calliandra Calothyrus</em> (medium quality), cattle manure ( variable quality), maize stover and <em>Pinus patula</em> sawdust ( both low quality) were applied at 4 t C ha<sup>-1</sup> with 16 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> at the start of every season, a 3 x 6 factorial experiment was established by adding single super phosphate (8.5% P) as a basal fertilizer. Maize was used as the test crop and the experiment was conducted at Soil Productivity Research Laboratory in Zimbabwe. Using Pokovskays agar medium and serial dilution methods, phsophate-solubilizing microbes were monitored forthnightly from day 1 to 57 after maize planting. Ninetten (19) fungal and forty-two (42) bacterial colonies were identified over the study period, Fungi dominated bacteria on dayone, wth <em>Aspergillus niger</em> showing 20-98% abundance that depended on organic resources quality. Overall, a microbial explosion bulge characterized sucession on day 29 which coincided with a significant (P< 0.05) increase in diversity (H') and soil available P. Increasing P rate to 26 kg ha<sup>-1 </sup>amplified the explosion bulge under medium-high quality resources while under the control the bulge emerged earlier on day 15. <em>Mucor</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> had peak abundance on day 43 and 57, respectively, across treatments regardless of P rates. Treatment and P rate had a significant (P< 0.01) effect on microbial P. Bacteria were more rsponsive to added P than fungi. Increasing P to 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> also stimulated an earlier bulge under maize stover on day 15. Addition of P alone, without supplying complementary nutrients such as nitrogen,did not have a positive effect on maize P uptake. Farmers need to co-apply medium-high quality organic resources with high fertilzier P rates to increase microbial diversity, soil available P and maize growth on sandy soils (Lixisols). Our results suggest the need to recondiser existing P fertilizer recommendations, currently pegged at between 26 and 30 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>, for maize production on sandy soils as well develop new fertilizer formulations to intensify crop production in Zimbabwe.</p> <p> </p>
Changes in nitrogen and phosphorus availability driven by secondary succession in temperate forests shape soil fungal communities and function
<p><span>Soil fungal community plays an important role in forest ecosystems, and forest secondary succession is a crucial driver of soil fungal community. However, the driving factors of fungal community and function during temperate forest succession and their potential impact on succession processes are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the soil fungal community in three temperate forest secondary successional stages (shrublands, coniferous forests, and deciduous broadleaf forests) using high-throughput DNA sequencing coupled with functional prediction via the FUNGuild database. We found that fungal community richness, α-diversity, and evenness decreased significantly during the succession process. Soil available phosphorus and nitrate</span> <span>nitrogen decreased significantly after initial succession occurred, and redundancy analysis showed that both were significant predictors of soil fungal community structure. Among functional groups, fungal saprotrophs as well as pathotrophs represented by plant pathogens were significantly enriched in the early-successional stage, while fungal symbiotrophs represented by ectomycorrhiza were significantly increased in the late-successional stage. The abundance of both saprotroph and pathotroph fungal guilds was positively correlated with soil nitrate</span> <span>nitrogen and available phosphorus content. Ectomycorrhizal fungi were negatively correlated with nitrate</span> <span>nitrogen and available phosphorus content and positively correlated with ammonium</span> <span>nitrogen content.</span> <span>These results indicated that the dynamics of fungal community and function reflected the changes in nitrogen and phosphorus availability caused by the secondary succession of temperate forests. The fungal plant pathogen accumulated in the early-successional stage and ectomycorrhizal fungi accumulated in the late-successional stage may have a potential role in promoting forest succession. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the response of soil fungal communities to the secondary forest succession process and highlight the importance of fungal communities during temperate forest succession.</span></p>
Changes in nitrogen and phosphorus availability driven by secondary succession in temperate forests shape soil fungal communities and function
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Data from: Phenotypic plasticity accounts for changes in plant phosphorus-acquisition strategies from mining to scavenging along a gradient of soil phosphorus availability in South American Campos grasslands
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Covariations and tradeoffs of phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica as affected by soil water availability
<p>1. Dioecious species may be particularly vulnerable to climate change because they often exhibit skewed sex ratios that are reinforced by the physiological and biological specialization of each sex to specific microhabitats. Yet, it is unclear how differences in functional traits between female and male plants lead to sex-specific responses to drought and whether these responses are associated with phosphorus (P) acquisition diverge or converge.</p> <p>2. Here, we measured the morphological and physiological traits of roots, and the functional microorganisms related to P acquisition in <em>Populus euphratica</em> females and males in the rhizosphere under different water availability.</p> <p>3. The specific root length of females was greater than that of males, regardless of soil water availability. Therefore, the P concentration of females was significantly higher than that of males under well-watered conditions. In contrast, the physiological adjustment to drought showed distinct sexual patterns: males significantly increased the foliar manganese concentration and maintained higher acid phosphatase activities in the rhizosphere. Moreover, the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal biomass was reduced less in males than in females under water deficiency. Soil water shortage also decreased the α diversity of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and changed the co-occurrence network in the rhizosphere of females, but it had little effect on males. Therefore, the favorable physiological processes and effective maintenance of functional microbial homeostasis in the rhizosphere were the reasons that enabled males to reduce P loss in leaves under water deficiency.</p> <p>4. Our study indicated that, within<em> P. euphratica</em> populations, covariations and tradeoffs simultaneously occurred among the three groups (root morphology, physiology, and functional microorganisms) of functional traits evaluated. More generally, the assessment of variations in sex-specific P acquisition strategies may help to understand the causes of sex ratio bias and how <em>P. euphratica</em> males and females mitigate resource shortage.</p>
Covariations and tradeoffs of phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica as affected by soil water availability
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