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15 results for “soil macrofauna”
Figure 1 in sOilFauna - a global synthesis effort on the drivers of soil macrofauna communities and functioning
Figure 1. Location of the transects in the present version of the MACROFAUNA database (A) Map of the data (B) Location of the data in relation to the biomes.
Figure 3 in Effect of land cover on biodiversity and composition of a soil macrofauna community in a reclaimed coastal area at Yancheng, China
Figure 3. The dendrogram of cluster analysis on soil macrofauna from different habitats with Bray–Curtis similarity by paired groups method (A: Uncultivated land; B: Bulrush land; C: Wheat farm; D: Poplar forest; E: Metasequoia forest).
Figure 2 in Effect of land cover on biodiversity and composition of a soil macrofauna community in a reclaimed coastal area at Yancheng, China
Figure 2. One-way ANOVA on taxonomic richness and abundance, Margalef 's richness index (R) and Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') among different habitats (Mean ± SE). The means with different scripts are significantly different by SNK test, α = 0.05.
Trophic structure and origin of resources of soil macrofauna in the salt marsh of the Wadden Sea: a stable isotope (15N,13C) study
<p>Salt marshes exist along the gradient of the marine mudflat to the terrestrial dunes, with a gradient of shore height and associated plant zonation. The lower salt marsh (LSM) extends from the mean high tidal level to 35 cm above that level and is followed by the upper salt marsh (USM). Despite changes in the amount of allochthonous marine input and in abiotic conditions, little is known about changes in the trophic structure and used of basal resources by the soil macrofauna along marine – terrestrial boundaries. Natural variations in carbon stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C signatures) allow insight into basal resources of consumers such as marine algae, terrestrial C3 and C4 photosynthesising plants. Furthermore, variations in nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ¹5N signatures) allow insight into the trophic position of consumers. We investigated spatial and temporal changes in stable isotope signatures in salt marsh soil macrofauna of the island of Spiekeroog, German Wadden Sea. The range of δ¹⁵N signatures indicated no changes in food chain length across salt marsh zones with consumers in both zones comprising primary decomposer, secondary decomposer and first order predators. However, the trophic position of individual species changed between zones, but in particular with season. Contrasting δ¹⁵N signatures, the range in δ¹³C signatures in the LSM was twice that in the USM indicating a wider range of resources consumed. Bayesian mixing models indicated predominant autochthonous resource use in both the LSM and USM, with the use of marine allochthonous resources never exceeding 29.6%. However, the models also indicate an increase in the use of marine resources in certain species in the LSM with no use in the USM. Overall, the results indicate that the resource use of salt marsh macrofauna varies more in space than in time, with the food web being generally based on autochthonous rather than allochthonous resources. However, there also is trophic plasticity in certain species across both temporal and spatial scales including variations in the use of allochthonous resources. Generally, however, marine input contributes little to the nutrition of salt marsh soil macroinvertebrates.</p>
Figure 2 in sOilFauna - a global synthesis effort on the drivers of soil macrofauna communities and functioning
Figure 2. Main hypotheses of soil biodiversity drivers. Adapted from (Calderón-Sanou et al. 2022).
A "Dirty" Footprint: Soil macrofauna biodiversity and fertility in Amazonian Dark Earths and adjacent soils
<p>Amazonian rainforests once thought to hold an innate pristine wilderness, are increasingly known to have been densely inhabited by populations showing a diverse and complex cultural background prior to European arrival. To what extent these societies impacted their landscape is unclear. Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) are fertile soils found throughout the Amazon Basin, created by pre-Columbian societies as a result of more sedentary habits. Much is known of the chemistry of these soils, yet their zoology has been neglected. Hence, we characterised soil macroinvertebrate communities and activity in these soils at nine archaeological sites and adjacent reference soils in three Amazonian regions, totaling eighteen sampling sites. Furthermore, we characterized various soil chemical and physical properties associated with soil fertility.</p> <p>The current dataset contains data on soil macroinvertebrate biodiversity (26 taxa), with a special focus on termites, earthworms and ants. It also contains data on soil macromorphology, bulk density and porosity, soil carbon, nitrogen, macro and micronutrients, magnetic susceptibility and apparent electrical conductivity. The results show similar overall macrofauna morphospecies richness in ADE and adjacent soils, but distinct communities in each soil type. They also show higher soil fauna activity in ADEs when compared to adjacent reference soils, associated with greater earthworm populations. Finally, they also confirm the well-known high soil fertility in ADEs compared with adjacent soils. Land use was an important determinant of both macrofauna biodiversity and soil fertility. These findings support the idea that humans have built and sustained a contrasting high fertility ecosystem that persisted until our days, altering biodiversity distribution patterns in Amazonia.</p>
Cloud forests of the Orinoco River Basin (Colombia): Variation in vegetation and soil macrofauna composition along the hydrometeorological gradient
<p>We present vegetation, soil macrofauna, soil, hydrometeorological and topographical data collected from Tropical Montane Cloud Forests in the Orinoco River basin. Specifically, from the municipality of Chámeza, department of Casanare, Colombia. These data sets were used to evaluate how vegetation and soil macrofauna diversity vary along the 1700–2200 m a.s.l. elevation range. Within this elevation range, we have previously described a hydrometeorological gradient largely driven by a fog incidence increase with elevation. Vegetation data were collected for all individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) > 5 cm in four vegetation plots (5 x 50 m; total: 0.1 ha) every 100 m in altitude between 1700–2200 m a.s.l. From each plot, we obtained three soil monoliths from the organic layer and three from the mineral horizon, and manually extracted their soil macrofauna, and soil samples for determining pH, organic matter content, and soil texture, among others in a soil laboratory. Topographical data was inferred from Digital Elevation Models. Hydrometeorological data was collected in a previous study, but it was interpolated to the sampling plots. Here we present the interpolated hydrometeorological data.</p>
A “Dirty” Footprint: Soil macrofauna biodiversity and fertility in Amazonian Dark Earths and adjacent soils
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Cloud forests of the Orinoco River Basin (Colombia): Variation in vegetation and soil macrofauna composition along the hydrometeorological gradient
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Data from: Soil macrofauna communities vary by land use type and environmental conditions in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem
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Trophic structure and origin of resources of soil macrofauna in the salt marsh of the Wadden Sea: a stable isotope (15N,13C) study
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Data from: The local impact of macrofauna and land-use intensity on soil nutrient concentration and exchangeability in lowland tropical Peru
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Data from: Interactions between C:N:P stoichiometry and soil macrofauna control dung decomposition of savanna herbivores
1. Although dung of mammalian herbivores is an important pathway for nutrient return in savanna ecosystems, differences in dung decomposition rates among species have been little studied. 2. We measured rates of dung deposition and decomposition for various herbivores in a moist Tanzanian savanna, and related differences among species to nutrient concentrations and the activities of soil macrofauna (e.g., different mesh sizes of decomposition bags, or presence and absence of dung beetles). 3. Dung C:N:P stoichiometry varied widely among species, which could in part be explained by differences in feeding strategy (browsers vs. grazers) and digestive physiology (ruminants vs. non-ruminants). Rates of both decomposition and nutrient release were influenced by the C:N:P stoichiometry of dung, with lower relative losses of the least abundant nutrient. Surprisingly, soil macrofauna increased relative losses of the least abundant nutrient, thereby stabilizing the ratio of N loss to P loss. Dung beetles increased rates of N and P release from wildebeest dung significantly and also increased N availability in the soil. 4. We conclude that rates of nutrient return in dung depend not only on where herbivores deposit their dung, but also on its C:N:P stoichiometry, the activity of soil macrofauna, and interactions between these factors. These factors may therefore influence the relative availabilities of N and P in the soil and hence the functioning of savanna ecosystems.
Data from: Interactions between C:N:P stoichiometry and soil macrofauna control dung decomposition of savanna herbivores
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Figure 1 in Effect of land cover on biodiversity and composition of a soil macrofauna community in a reclaimed coastal area at Yancheng, China
Figure 1. The distribution of sample sites on the reclaimed coast.
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