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33 results for “soil seed bank”
Figure 2 in Differences in the soil seed bank of a mining area and its surroundings: a case study inserted in the Cerrado domain
Figure 2. Curves of species accumulation for the seed bank of Vazante city, northwest of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A. Accumulation curve for the seed bank and confidence interval in a mining area and surrounding area separated; B. Accumulation curve for the seed bank, confidence interval and first-order Jackknife richness estimator in a mining area and surrounding area together.
Figure 3 in Differences in the soil seed bank of a mining area and its surroundings: a case study inserted in the Cerrado domain
Figure 3. Two-dimensional ordination diagram based on the nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) for species density of the seed bank from a mining pit and surrounding areas in Vazante municipality, northwest of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Large and non-spherical seeds are less likely to form a persistent soil seed bank
<p>There is some evidence that seed traits can affect the long-term persistence of seeds in the soil. However, findings on this topic have differed between systems. Here, we brought together a worldwide database of seed persistence data for 1474 species to test the generality of seed mass-shape-persistence relationships. We found a significant trend for low seed persistence to be associated with larger and less spherical seeds. However, the relationship varied across different clades, growth forms and species ecological preferences. Specifically, relationships of seed mass-shape-persistence were more pronounced in Poales than in other order clades. Herbaceous species that tend to be found in sites with low soil sand content and precipitation have stronger relationships between seed shape and persistence than in sites with higher soil sand content and precipitation. For the woody plants, the relationship between persistence and seed morphology was stronger in sites with high soil sand content and low precipitation than in sites with low soil sand content and higher precipitation. Improving ability to predict the soil seed bank formation process, including burial and persistence, could benefit the utilization of seed morphology-persistence relationships in management strategies for vegetation restoration and controlling species invasion across diverse vegetation types and environments.</p>
Figs. 1 A, B. A. Richness and B in Influence of the Edge Effect on A Soil Seed BAnk of A NAturAl FrAgment in the AtlAntic Forest
Figs. 1 A, B. A. Richness and B. abundance of the soil seed bank in relation to the edge from Mata Grande of the PEI.
Fig. 3 in Influence of the Edge Effect on A Soil Seed BAnk of A NAturAl FrAgment in the AtlAntic Forest
Fig. 3 NMDS of the composition of the soil seed bank differences in distances from the edge from Mata Grande of the PEI.
Figs. 2 A, B. A in Influence of the Edge Effect on A Soil Seed BAnk of A NAturAl FrAgment in the AtlAntic Forest
Figs. 2 A, B. A Linear regression of the richness and B. abundance of the soil seed bank in relation to the edge from Mata Grande of the PEI (y=Ax+B).
Fig. 2 in Soil seed bank pattern of Adesmia tristis Vogel from Campos de Cima da Serra ecosystem in southern Brazil
Fig. 2. Compilation of Adesmia tristis seedlings/m2 in plots with disorders (cuts) and preserved plots (undisturbed) from Pró-Mata, PUCRS, municipality of São Francisco de Paula, in 2009.
Exploring the potential of Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging and chemometrics to discriminate soil seed bank of two timber species central African : Erythrophleum suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan, and Erythrophleum ivorense A. Chev.
<p>The data of this study are accessible by sending a request to the corresponding author at the email address: douhch382@gmail.com. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13908452" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13908452</a></p>
Herbivory and nutrients shape grassland soil seed banks
<p>Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and shifts in herbivory can lead to dramatic changes in the composition and diversity of aboveground plant communities which, in turn, can alter cryptic biodiversity storage, seed banks, in the soil. We used data from seven Nutrient Network grassland sites on four continents, encompassing a range of climatic and environmental conditions, to test the joint effects of fertilization and aboveground mammalian herbivory on seed banks and on the similarity between aboveground plant communities and seed banks. Fertilization decreased plant species richness and diversity in seed banks, and homogenized composition between aboveground and seed bank communities. Fertilization increased seed bank abundance especially in the presence of herbivores, while this effect was smaller in the absence of herbivores. Our findings highlight that nutrient enrichment can weaken the temporal storage effect as a diversity maintaining mechanism and that herbivory needs to be considered when assessing nutrient enrichment effects on seed bank abundance. </p>
Large and non-spherical seeds are less likely to form a persistent soil seed bank
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Herbivory and nutrients shape grassland soil seed banks
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Genetic variation in an ephemeral mudflat species: the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal in river and secondary anthropogenic habitats
<p>Many ephemeral mudflat species, which rely on a soil seed bank to build up the next generation, are endangered in their natural habitat due to the widespread regulation of rivers. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal for the maintenance of genetic diversity in populations of near-natural river habitats and anthropogenic habitats created by traditional fish farming practices using <i>Cyperus fuscus</i> as a model. Using microsatellite markers, we found no difference in genetic diversity levels between soil seed bank and above-ground population and only moderate differentiation between the two fractions. One possible interpretation is the difference in short-term selection during germination under specific conditions (glasshouse versus field) resulting in an ecological filtering of genotypes out of the reservoir in the soil. River populations harboured significantly more genetic diversity than populations from the anthropogenic pond types. We suggest that altered levels and patterns of dispersal together with stronger selection pressures and historical bottlenecks in anthropogenic habitats are responsible for the observed reduction in genetic diversity. Dispersal is also supposed to largely prohibit genetic structure across Europe, although there is a gradient in private allelic richness from southern Europe and Anatolia (high values) to northern, especially north-western, Europe (low values), which probably relates to postglacial expansion out of southern and/or eastern refugia.</p>
Data from: Fate of the soil seed bank of giant ragweed and its significance in preventing and controlling its invasion in grasslands
<p>Pollen of giant ragweed (GR), an annual non-native invasive weed, causes serious respiratory allergies in some humans and animals. Chemical control of GR in grassland can produce toxic side effects in herbs and livestock. This paper discusses methods used to prevent infestation and to control this species by analyzing the soil seed bank (SSB) and limiting the invasiveness of GR.</p> <p>By studying GR distributed in grassland of the Yili Valley, Xinjiang, China, this paper compares the spatial and temporal changes of seed density along with seed germination, dormancy, and death at different times after invasion and in different soil layers. The study analyzed population characteristics over time, seed fate, and control methods for this species with the goal of reducing the of SSB density of GR.</p> <p>The SSB of GR in grassland occurs mainly in the 0–5 cm soil layer but also to depths of 15 cm. Seed density in the SSB decreased by 68.1% to 82.01% from the seed maturity period to the early non-fertile period. >98.7% of the seeds rotten, eaten, germinated, dispersed or died within one year after being produced. The seed germination rate of the SBB decreased with an increasing number of years after invasion. When stored for 1 or 4 years, seed germination rates fell by 40%, during which time seed mortality increased by almost 40%. When GR was completely eradicated for 2 consecutive years, the SSB and population densities decreased by >99%.</p> <p>The vast majority of GR seeds germinated or died within one year; long term dry storage also significantly decreased the germination rate. Newly produced seeds are the main source of seeds in the SSB; seeds have a strong ability to germinate. Therefore, thoroughly eradicating GR plants for several years before the seeds can mature provides an effective control method in grasslands.</p>
Figure 1 in Differences in the soil seed bank of a mining area and its surroundings: a case study inserted in the Cerrado domain
Figure 1. Location of Vazante city and study area, northwest of Minas Gerais state, Brazil.
Data from: A century of genetic variation inferred from a persistent soil-stored seed bank
Stratigraphic accretion of dormant propagules in soil can result in natural archives useful for studying ecological and evolutionary responses to environmental change. Few attempts have been made, however, to use soil-stored seed banks as natural archives, in part because of concerns over non-random attrition and mixed stratification. Here we examine the persistent seed bank of Schoenoplectus americanus, a foundational brackish marsh sedge, to determine whether it can serve as a resource for reconstructing historical records of demographic and population genetic variation. After assembling profiles of the seed bank from radionuclide dated soil cores, we germinated seeds to 'resurrect' cohorts spanning the 20th century. Using microsatellite markers, we assessed genetic diversity and differentiation among depth cohorts, drawing comparisons to extant plants at the study site and in nearby and more distant marshes. We found that seed density peaked at intermediate soil depths. We also detected genotypic differences among cohorts as well as between cohorts and extant plants. Genetic diversity did not decline with depth, indicating that the observed pattern of differentiation is not due to attrition. Patterns of differentiation within and among extant marshes also suggest that local populations persist as aggregates of small clones, likely reflecting repeated seedling recruitment and low immigration from admixed regional gene pools. These findings indicate that persistent and stratified soil-stored seed banks merit further consideration as resources for reconstructing decadal-to-century long records that can lend insight into the tempo and nature of ecological and evolutionary processes that shape populations over time.
European soil seed bank communities across a climate and land-cover gradient
<p>This is the data set used for the publication <em>Buffering effects of soil seed banks on plant community composition in response to land use and climate</em>, published in the journal<em> Global Ecology and Biogeography</em>.</p> <p><strong>Aim</strong>. Climate and land use are key determinants of biodiversity, with past and ongoing changes posing serious threats to global ecosystems. Unlike most other organism groups, plant species can possess dormant life-history stages such as soil seed banks, which may help plant communities to resist or at least postpone the detrimental impact of global changes. This study investigates the potential for soil seed banks to achieve this.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>. Europe</p> <p><strong>Time</strong> <strong>period</strong>. 1978 – 2014</p> <p><strong>Major taxa studied</strong>. Flowering plants</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>. Using a space-for-time/warming approach, we study plant species richness and composition in the herb layer and the soil seed bank in 2796 community plots from 54 datasets in managed grasslands, forests and intermediate, successional habitats across a climate gradient.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>. Soil seed banks held more species than the herb layer, being compositionally similar across habitats. Species richness was lower in forests and successional habitats compared to grasslands, with annual temperature range more important than mean annual temperature for determining richness. Climate and land use effects were generally less pronounced when plant community richness included seed bank species richness, while there was no clear effect of land use and climate on compositional similarity between the seed bank and the herb layer.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>. High seed bank diversity and compositional similarity between the herb layer and seed bank plant communities may provide a potentially important functional buffer against the impact of ongoing environmental changes on plant communities. This capacity could, however, be threatened by climate warming. Dormant life-history stages can therefore be important sources of diversity in changing environments, potentially underpinning already observed time-lags in plant community responses to global change. However, as soil seed banks themselves appear, albeit less, vulnerable to the same changes, their potential to buffer change can only be temporary, and major community shifts may still be expected.</p>
Data from: Can the soil seed bank of Rumex obtusifolius in productive grasslands be explained by management and soil properties?
<p><em>Rumex obtusifolius</em> is a problematic weed in temperate grasslands worldwide as it decreases yield and nutritional value of forage. Because the species can recruit from the seed bank, we determined the effect of management and soil properties on the soil seed bank of <em>R. obtusifolius</em> in intensively managed, permanent grasslands in Switzerland (CH), Slovenia (SI), and United Kingdom (UK). Following a paired case-control design, soil cores were taken from the topsoil of grassland with a high density of <em>R. obtusifolius</em> plants (cases) and from nearby parcels with very low R. obtusifolius density (controls). Data on grassland management, soil nutrients, pH, soil texture, and density of R. obtusifolius plants were also collected. Seeds in the soil were germinated under optimal conditions in a glasshouse. The number of germinated seeds of R. obtusifolius in case parcels was 866 ±152 m<sup>-2</sup> (CH, mean ±SE), 628 ±183 m<sup>-2</sup> (SI), and 752 ±183 m<sup>-2</sup> (UK), with no significant difference among countries. Densities in individual case parcels ranged from 0 up to approximately 3000 seeds m<sup>-2</sup> (each country). Control parcels had significantly fewer seeds, with a mean of 51 ±18, 75 ±52, and 98 ±52 seeds m<sup>-2</sup> in CH, SI, and UK, respectively, and a range between 0 and up to 1000 seeds m-2. Across countries, variables explaining variation in the soil seed bank of <em>R. obtusifolius</em> in case parcels were soil pH (negative relation), silt content (negative), land-use intensity (negative), and aboveground <em>R. obtusifolius</em> plant density (positive). Because a large soil seed bank can sustain grassland infestation with <em>R. obtusifolius</em>, management strategies to control the species should target the reduction in the density of mature plants, prevention of the species' seed production and dispersal, as well as the regulation of the soil pH to a range optimal for forage production.</p>
Genetic variation in an ephemeral mudflat species: the role of the soil seed bank and dispersal in river and secondary anthropogenic habitats
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Data from: Fate of the soil seed bank of giant ragweed and its significance in preventing and controlling its invasion in grasslands
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Data from: Influence of bracken fronds and leaf litter management on soil seed bank characteristics in a fire-disturbed tropical montane forest
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