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22 results for “space climate”
Lake mask and distance to land dataset of 2024 lakes for the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Lakes v2
<p>This dataset contains the distance to land and the lake identifiers as a global netcdf file for all the water pixels at 1km (1/120 deg) lat/lon resolution of 2024 lakes distributed globally. It contains also the list of lakes as a csv file with information such as the lake center as defined in [1], and the coordinate of a box to easily locate the like in the global netcd file. The mask excludes islands on lakes and it has been derived from the GloboLakes high resolution limnology dataset [2]. The dateset have been further harmonized with the lake maximum extent lake polygons by PML [3]. The lake list with the plot of the mask and the polygons is available as a html file accessible also from the lake website at the University of Reading: http://www.laketemp.net/home_CCI/LMPolygons.php</p> <p>This dataset accompanies the <strong>ESA CCI Lakes v2 dataset</strong> [4].</p> <p> </p> <p>[1] Carrea, L.; Embury, O.; Merchant, C.J. (2015): High-resolution datasets related to in-land water for limnology and remote sensing applications: distance-to-land, distance-to-water, water-body identifier and lake-centre co-ordinates - Geoscience Data Journal, 2 (2). pp. 83-97. ISSN 2049-6060 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.32</p> <p>[2] Carrea, L.; Embury, O.; Merchant, C.J. (2015): GloboLakes: high-resolution global limnology dataset v1. Centre for Environmental Data Analysis. doi:10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb">http://dx.doi.org/10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb</a></p> <p>[3] Simis, S.; Mata, A.; Selmes, N.; Carrea, L. (2021) Lake polygons dataset accompanying Calimnos v1.4.0 and ESA CCI Lakes Climate Research Data Package v2.0. zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4899250</p> <p>[4] Carrea, L.; Crétaux, J.-F.; Liu, X.; Wu, Y.; Bergé-Nguyen, M.; Calmettes, B.; Duguay, C.; Jiang, D.; Merchant, C.J.; Mueller, D.; Selmes, N.; Simis, S.; Spyrakos, E.; Stelzer, K.; Warren, M.; Yesou, H.; Zhang, D. (2022): ESA Lakes Climate Change Initiative (Lakes_cci): Lake products, Version 2.0.1. NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis <a href="https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/03c935c6890c4b2ebf4aae4d84cd9472">https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/03c935c6890c4b2ebf4aae4d84cd9472</a></p>
Data and codes related to the article: Renard et al. A Hidden Climate Indices Modeling Framework for Multi-Variable Space-Time Data. Water Resources Research.
<p>This package contains data and codes related to the article:</p> <p>B. Renard, M. Thyer, D. McInerney, D. Kavetski, M. Leonard and S. Westra. A Hidden Climate Indices Modeling Framework for Multi-Variable Space-Time Data. <em>Water Resources Research</em>.</p> <p><strong>R scripts</strong></p> <p>The main computations of the paper have been performed using a computing code named <a href="https://github.com/STooDs-tools">STooDs</a>, which is called using the bash script launchpad.sh.</p> <p>The R scripts in this package only perform pre-processing (create configuration files) and post-processing (analyze results) steps.</p> <ul> <li>Funk.R: a set of functions called by other scripts.</li> <li>1_defineModel.R: define the model to be inferred and create STooDs configuration files in <em>dataset_XXX/runs.</em></li> <li>2_analyzeResults.R: analyze the outputs of STooDs runs.</li> <li>3_crossValidation.R: analyze the outputs of cross-validation experiments in <em>dataset_XV</em> and <em>dataset_XV_1971-1990</em>.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Data</strong></p> <p>Data for the 3 cases (full dataset and 2 cross-validation experiments) are located in folders <em>dataset_XXX/data</em>.</p> <ul> <li>dat.txt: raw dataset in text format.</li> <li>dataset.RData: dataset in RData format.</li> <li>DMI.txt, NINO.txt, SAM.txt: 3 standard climate indices.</li> <li>spaceP.txt, spaceQ.txt, spaceT.txt: properties of Precipitation (P), Streamflow (Q) and Temperature (T) stations.</li> <li>[only for cross-validation experiments] validation.RData: left-out data used for validation.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Online electronic material for: Macroevolutionary dynamics of climatic niche space
<p><span>How and why lineages evolve along niche space as they diversify and adapt to different environments is fundamental to evolution. Progress has been hampered by the difficulties of linking a robust empirical characterization of species niches with flexible evolutionary models that describe their evolution. Consequently, the relative influence of abiotic and biotic factors remains poorly understood. Here we characterize species' two-dimensional temperature and precipitation niche space occupied (i.e., species niche envelope) as complex geometries and assess their evolution across all Aves using a model that captures heterogeneous evolutionary rates on time-calibrated phylogenies. We find that extant birds coevolved from warm, mesic climatic niches into colder and drier environments and responded to the K-Pg boundary with a dramatic increase in disparity. Contrary to expectations of subsiding rates of niche evolution, our results show that overall rates have increased steadily, with some lineages experiencing exceptionally high evolutionary rates, associated with colonization of novel niche spaces, and others showing niche stasis. Both competition- and environmental change-driven niche evolution transpire and result in highly heterogeneous rates near the present. Our findings highlight the growing ecological and conservation insights arising from model-based integration of comprehensive environmental and phylogenetic information.</span></p>
Supplementary data S1 associated with the manuscript "Limited climatic space for alternative ecosystem states in Africa"
<p>Site locations and meta-data used in this study. The original sources of the data and how they were filtered for this study are described in the methods section of the manuscript.</p>
Online electronic material for: Macroevolutionary dynamics of climatic niche space
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A transcontinental experiment elucidates (mal)adaptation of a cosmopolitan plant to climate in space and time
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Data from: Population analysis reveals genetic structure of an invasive agricultural thrips pest related to invasion of greenhouses and suitable climatic space
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Data and code accompanying "'Safe spaces' and community building for climate scientists, exploring emotions through a case study", Haddaway and Duggan 2023
<p>Data and code accompanying "‘Safe spaces’ and community building for climate scientists, exploring emotions through a case study", Haddaway and Duggan 2023</p>
Data for: Positive feedback on climate warming by stream microbial decomposers indicated by a global space-for-time substitution study
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Data from: Phylogeography in continuous space: coupling species distribution models and circuit theory to assess the effect of contiguous migration at different climatic periods on genetic differentiation in Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Current population genetic models fail to cope with genetic differentiation for species with large, contiguous and heterogeneous distribution. We show that in such a case, genetic differentiation can be predicted at equilibrium by circuit theory, where conductance corresponds to abundance in species distribution models (SDM). Circuit-SDM approach was used for the phylogeographic study of the lepidopteran cereal stemborer Busseola fusca Füller (Noctuidae) across sub-Saharan Africa. Species abundance was surveyed across its distribution range. SDM models were optimized and selected by cross validation. Relationship between observed matrices of genetic differentiation between individuals, and matrices of resistance distance was assessed through Mantel tests and redundancy discriminant analyses (RDA). A total of 628 individuals from 130 localities in 17 countries were genotyped at 7 microsatellite loci. Six population clusters were found based on a Bayesian analysis. The eastern margin of Dahomey Gap between East and West Africa was the main factor of genetic differentiation. The SDM projections at present, last interglacial and last glacial maximum periods were used for estimation of circuit resistance between locations of genotyped individuals. For all periods of time, when using either all individuals or only East-African individuals, partial Mantel r and RDA analyses conditioning on geographic distance were found significant. Under future projections (year 2080), partial r and RDA significance were different. From this study, it is concluded that analytical solutions provided by circuit theory are useful for the evolutionary management of populations and for phylogeographic analysis when coalescence times are not accessible by approximate Bayesian simulations.
Data from: Space can substitute for time in predicting climate-change effects on biodiversity
"Space-for-time" substitution is widely used in biodiversity modeling to infer past or future trajectories of ecological systems from contemporary spatial patterns. However, the foundational assumption—that drivers of spatial gradients of species composition also drive temporal changes in diversity—rarely is tested. Here, we empirically test the space-for-time assumption by constructing orthogonal datasets of compositional turnover of plant taxa and climatic dissimilarity through time and across space from Late Quaternary pollen records in eastern North America, then modeling climate-driven compositional turnover. Predictions relying on space-for-time substitution were ∼72% as accurate as "time-for-time" predictions. However, space-for-time substitution performed poorly during the Holocene when temporal variation in climate was small relative to spatial variation and required subsampling to match the extent of spatial and temporal climatic gradients. Despite this caution, our results generally support the judicious use of space-for-time substitution in modeling community responses to climate change.
Data from: Adaptation to local climate in a multi-trait space: evidence from silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) populations across a heterogeneous environment
Heterogeneous environments, such as mountainous landscapes, create spatially varying selection pressure that potentially affects several traits simultaneously across different life stages, yet little is known about the general patterns and drivers of adaptation in such complex settings. We studied silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) populations across Switzerland and characterized their mountainous landscape using downscaled historical climate data. We sampled 387 trees from 19 populations and genotyped them at 374 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to estimate their demographic distances. Seedling morphology, growth and phenology traits were recorded in a common garden, and a proxy for water use efficiency was estimated for adult trees. We tested whether populations have more strongly diverged at quantitative traits than expected based on genetic drift alone in a multi-trait framework, and identified potential environmental drivers of selection. We found two main responses to selection: (i) populations from warmer and more thermally stable locations have evolved towards a taller stature, and (ii) the growth timing of populations evolved towards two extreme strategies, "start early and grow slowly" or "start late and grow fast", driven by precipitation seasonality. Populations following the "start early and grow slowly" strategy had higher water use efficiency and came from inner Alpine valleys characterized by pronounced summer droughts. Our results suggest that contrasting adaptive life-history strategies exist in silver fir across different life stages (seedling to adult), and that some of the characterized populations may provide suitable seed sources for tree growth under future climatic conditions.
Data for: Sex-specific ornament evolution is a consistent feature of climatic adaptation across space and time in dragonflies
<p><span>Adaptation to different climates fuels the origins and maintenance of biodiversity. Detailing how organisms optimize fitness for their local climate is therefore an essential goal in biology. Although we increasingly understand how survival-related traits evolve as organisms adapt to climatic conditions, it is unclear if organisms also optimize traits that coordinate </span><span><span>mating</span></span><span> between the sexes. Here, we show that dragonflies consistently adapt to warmer climates across space and time by evolving less male melanin ornamentation—a mating-related trait that also absorbs solar radiation and heats individuals above ambient temperatures. Continent-wide macroevolutionary analyses reveal that species inhabiting warmer climates evolve less male ornamentation. Community-science observations across ten species indicate that populations adapt to warmer parts of species' ranges </span><span><span>through microevolution of</span></span><span> smaller male ornaments. Observations from 2005-2019 detail that contemporary selective pressures oppose male ornaments in warmer years; and our climate-warming projections predict further decreases by 2070. Conversely, our analyses show that female ornamentation responds idiosyncratically to temperature across space and time, indicating the sexes evolve in different ways to meet the demands of the local climate. Overall, these macro- and microevolutionary findings demonstrate that organisms predictably optimize their mating-related traits for the climate just as they do their survival-related traits.</span></p>
Use climatic space-for-time substitutions with care: not only climate, but also local environment affect performance of the key forest species bilberry along elevation gradient
<p><span>An urgent aim of ecology is to understand how key species relate to climatic and environmental variation, to better predict their prospects under future climate change. The abundant dwarf shrub bilberry (<em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em> L.) has caught particular interest due to its uphill expansion into alpine areas. Species' performance under changing climate has been widely studied using the climatic space-for-time approach along elevation gradients, but potentially confounding, local environmental variables that vary along elevation gradients have rarely been considered. In this study, performed in ten sites along an elevation gradient (200–875 m) in W Norway, we recorded species composition and bilberry performance, both vegetative (ramet size and cover) and reproductive (berry and seed production) properties, over one to four years. We disentangled effects of local environmental variables and between-year, climatic variation (precipitation and temperature), and identified shared and unique contributions of these variables by variation partitioning. We found bilberry ramet size, cover, and berry production to peak at intermediate elevations, whereas seed production increased upwards. The peaks were less pronounced in extreme (dry or cold) summers than in normal summers. Local environmental variables explained much variation in ramet size and cover, less in berry production, and showed no relation to seed production. Climatic variables explained more of the variation in berry and seed production than in ramet size and cover, with temperature relating to vegetative performance, and precipitation to reproductive performance. Bilberry's clonal growth and effective reproduction probably explain why the species persists in the forest and at the same time invades alpine areas. Our findings raise concerns about the appropriateness of the climatic space-for-time approach. We recommend including both climatic and local environmental variables in studies of variation along elevation gradients, and conclude that variation partitioning can be a useful supplement to other methods for analysing variation in plant performance. </span></p>
Data from: Phylogeography in continuous space: coupling species distribution models and circuit theory to assess the effect of contiguous migration at different climatic periods on genetic differentiation in Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
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Data from: Space can substitute for time in predicting climate-change effects on biodiversity
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Data for: Sex-specific ornament evolution is a consistent feature of climatic adaptation across space and time in dragonflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Use climatic space-for-time substitutions with care: not only climate, but also local environment affect performance of the key forest species bilberry along elevation gradient
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Adaptation to local climate in a multi-trait space: evidence from silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) populations across a heterogeneous environment
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Deep Space Climate Observatory National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer Level 1B Radiance, Version 3
DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1B_3 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1B version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth's radiation budget.NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV), one large pixel encompassing the whole sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard.The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the UV, visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth.2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths from Earth.3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near-infrared solar radiation from Earth.4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters and verifies co-alignment of NISTAR and EPIC.These Level 1B products are the irradiance values computed from Level 1A data collected while the instrument was aimed at the Earth. These data products are in HDF5 format.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.