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2,838 results for “species relationships”
SBC LTER: Reef: Feeding relationships for kelp forest species
These data are an assembled food web for all species sampled in the SBC LTER annual kelp forest community surveys. Relationships are taken from literature review on diets and consumption habits of target species, plus searches of theses, grey literature, and student report databases at major west coast libraries. Only feeding observations from studies that showed direct consumption or provided strong evidence of a direct feeding relationship between two taxa were used. Our final food web was revised and verified after consultation with several experts in the field of kelp forest community ecology. See Methods section for complete information on cited literature and contributing experts. These data represent Table S1 for Appendix S1 for a published paper: <ulink url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02409.x">Byrnes, J. E., D. C. Reed, B. J. Cardinale, K. C. Cavanaugh, S. J. Holbrook and R. J. Schmitt. 2011. Climate-driven increases in storm frequency simplify kelp forest food webs. Global Change Biology, 17: 2513â24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02409.x</ulink>.
Data from: Accounting for predator species identity reveals variable relationships between nest predation rate and habitat in a temperate forest songbird
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Nest predation is the primary cause of nest failure in most ground-nesting bird species. Investigations of relationships between nest predation rate and habitat usually pool different predator species. However, such relationships likely depend on the specific predator involved, partly because habitat requirements vary among predator species. Pooling may therefore impair our ability to identify conservation-relevant relationships between nest predation rate and habitat. We investigated predator-specific nest predation rates in the forest-dependent, ground-nesting wood warbler <em>Phylloscopus sibilatrix </em>in relation to forest area and forest edge complexity at two spatial scales, and to the composition of the adjacent habitat matrix. We used camera traps at 559 nests to identify nest predators in five study regions across Europe. When analysing predation data pooled across predator species, nest predation rate was positively related to forest area at the local scale (1,000 m around nest), and higher where proportion of grassland in the adjacent habitat matrix was high but arable land low. Analyses by each predator species revealed variable relationships between nest predation rates and habitat. At the local scale, nest predation by most predators was higher where forest area was large. At the landscape scale (10,000 m around nest), nest predation by buzzards <em>Buteo buteo</em> was high where forest area was small. Predation by pine martens Martes martes was high where edge complexity at the landscape scale was high. Predation by badgers <em>Meles meles </em>was high where the matrix had much grassland but little arable land. Our results suggest that relationships between nest predation rates and habitat can depend on the predator species involved and may differ from analyses disregarding predator identity. Predator-specific nest predation rates, and their relationships to habitat at different spatial scales, should be considered when assessing the impact of habitat change on avian nesting success.</p>
Using Biodiversity Data to Assess Species-Habitat Relationships in Glacier National Park, Montana
Biodiversity surveys are becoming increasingly popular. However, standard analysis techniques for these data have not yet been developed. This paper explores the use of multivariate ordination techniques for assessing species-habitat relationships using biodiversity data. The research was conducted in Glacier National Park, Montana, and birds and butterflies were chosen as the taxonomic groups of study. Biodiversity assessment sites were established through a range of habitats and monitored from 1987 through 1989. Presence/absence sampling over the total number of sampling sites was used to classify species commonness and rarity. Approximately 86% of the historically recorded butterflies and 70% of the historically recorded bird species have been observed in the 3 yr of sampling. During the 3 yr of this study there was a striking continuity of species richness per site. There was also a striking overlap between the sites that support high species diversity and sites that support rare species. Principal components analysis and cluster analysis worked well in discerning species-habitat relationships. Elevation, structural diversity of the site, and moisture were the major factors explaining species distributions. A chi-square analysis also provided some insights into species-habitat relationships, showing birds were more habitat specific than butterflies. Habitat diversity analyses demonstrated a positive but non-significant correlation between remotely sense spectral-class diversity of a site and species richness for both birds and butterflies. Aspect, slope and elevation diversity had a negative or negligible relationship with species richness.
N-fixation rate and leaf N content in two species of Alnus and their relationship to diversity of symbiotic Frankia
This study investigated patterns of nitrogen (N) fixation rates, leaf N content, and geographic diversity in the N-fixing bacterium Frankia occurring in symbiosis with Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia and A. viridis ssp. fruticosa in early and late successional habitats on the Tanana river floodplain and surrounding uplands in the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest. Frankia diversity was estimated via polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the nifD-K spacer region, a non-coding region in the nitrogenase-encoding operon. Specific N-fixation rate was measured with a 15N2 uptake assay and leaf N content via mass spectrometry. Additional parameters measured were soil temperature and moisture, leaf del 15N, and specific leaf area.
Figs. 15-18. Cybaeodes avolensis, new species. 15. Left male palp, ventral view. 16. Same, retrolateral view. 17. Epigynum, ventral view. 18 in On The Relationships of the Spider Genus Cybaeodes (Araneae, Dionycha)
Figs. 15-18. Cybaeodes avolensis, new species. 15. Left male palp, ventral view. 16. Same, retrolateral view. 17. Epigynum, ventral view. 18. Same, dorsal view.
Figs. 19-22. 19, 20. Cybaeodes carusoi, new species. 21, 22. C. alicatai, new species. 19. Left male palp, ventral view. 20. Same, retrolateral view. 21. Epigynum, ventral view. 22 in On The Relationships of the Spider Genus Cybaeodes (Araneae, Dionycha)
Figs. 19-22. 19, 20. Cybaeodes carusoi, new species. 21, 22. C. alicatai, new species. 19. Left male palp, ventral view. 20. Same, retrolateral view. 21. Epigynum, ventral view. 22. Same, dorsal view.
Fig. 5 in Description of a new species of Moenkhausia (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper Paraguay basin, Central Brazil, with comments on its phylogenetic relationships
Fig. 5. Map showing the localities of Moenkhausia flava. Red star represents the type locality. Black square represents the Salto das Nuvens fall and the white square represents Salto Maciel fall.
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships among a in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships among a curated set of COI barcode sequences for Rasopone. Black samples were sequenced for UCEs. Red samples were downloaded from the BOLD database.The tree was inferred using IQ-TREE with the data partitioned by codon position. Black circles on nodes indicate high support, which we define as ≥95% ultrafast bootstrap support and ≥95% SH-like branch support.Terminal names match taxonomic changes proposed in paper and provide useful sample identifiers (e.g., extraction codes [EX#] or BOLD process IDs).A complete, unpruned COI tree is available in Supp Fig. S1 (online only).
NEXUS file describing the taxonomic relationships of the 466 species for which genome sequencing was underway at Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, at 31 December 2020
<p>This NEXUS file shows the taxonomic relationships of 466 species of eukaryote. The taxonomy derives from the NCBI TaxonomyDB. The species are those for which genome sequencing is underway at the Tree of Life programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, as of 31st Decemnber 2020. The NEXUS file includes a figtree block generated in FigTree [<strong><a href="https://github.com/rambaut/figtree">https://github.com/rambaut/figtree</a>] </strong>that informs display of the data as a circular tree with species coloured by taxonomic Family, and Families with more than one species represented as triangles. The figure is used in publications and presentations describing the activities of the Tree of Life programme and the projects in which Tree of Life is involved, especially the Darwin Tree of Life project [https://darwintreeoflife.org].</p>
Fig. 11 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 11. Distribution of Thysanarthria and American Chaetarthria in Asia (A–B) and Near East (C), and examples of habitats of Thysanarthria (D–F). Localities: D – India, Madhya Pradesh, Bhadhua Chora stream ca. 10 km E of Matkuli Jhir, habitat of T. ceylonensis Hebauer, 2001; E – Republic of South Africa, Western Cape, 8 km NEE of Stanford, habitat of T. atriceps (Régimber, 1903), collecting spot marked by an arrow; F–G – Taiwan, Wufeng distr., 4.3 km SEE of Chaoyang University of Technology, habitat of T. chui sp. nov. (G – detail of sandy shore with one alive beetle). Photo D by M. Jäch, photo E by M. Fikáček, F–G by H.-C. Liu.
Figs 12A–C, F–I with Figs 2N–S in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Figs 12A–C, F–I with Figs 2N–S). External characters support this assignment: dorsal setae are simple and cut-off apically (compare Fig. 12K with Fig. 2d), elytra lack longitudinal striae except for sutural stria, and pronotum and elytra are yellowish in color. The specimens above seem to stand close to the Argentinian species C. argentina Miller, 1974 and C. hermani Miller, 1974 of the C. atra group defined by MILLER (1974). When compared with the genitalia drawings and descriptions provided by MILLER (1974) it seems that the specimens examined here represent an undescribed species. We are however leaving it undescribed, as it is likely introduced and a more detailed comparison with the American species would be necessary to diagnose the species properly. The presence of the species which is clearly an element of Neotropical fauna in Saudi Arabia is very unexpected. The first author discussed the problem with both collectors (J. Bezděk and D. Král) and with the person who
Fig. 10 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 10. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species, holotypes. A–E – T. persica sp. nov. (A–C – aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view). F–J – T. wadicola sp. nov. (F–H – aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 9 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 9. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species, holotypes. A–E – T. saurahana sp. nov. (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view). F–J – T. siamensis Hebauer, 2001 (F–H – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – details of parameres and median lobe in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 7 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 7. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria championi (Knisch, 1924). A–E – lectotype of Chaetarthria championi Knisch, 1924 (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal view; E – same after KOH treatment, with fully everted internal sac). F–J – lectotype of Chaetarthriomorphus sulcatus Chiesa, 1967 (F–H – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – details of parameres and median lobe in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 8 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 8. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species, holotypes.A–E – T. chui sp. nov. (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view). F–J – T. hongsonensis Hebauer, 2001 (F–H – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – details of parameres and median lobe in dorsal and ventral view). K–O – T. madurensis Hebauer, 2001 (K–M – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; N–O – details of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 5 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 5. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species, holotypes. A–E – T. brincki Hebauer, 2001 (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view); F–J – T. cardamona sp. nov. (F–H – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view); K–M – T. bengalensis Hebauer, 2001 (K – photo of the aedeagus before re-mounting; L – whole aedeagus in ventral view; M – whole aedeagus in lateral view).
Fig. 6 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 6. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species, holotypes (A–I, K–O) and paratype (J). A–E – T. bifida sp. nov. (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view). F–J – T. trifida sp. nov. (F–H – whole aedeagus of the holotype in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I – details of parameres of the holotype; J – same of the paratype). K–O – T. ceylonensis Hebauer, 2001 (K–M – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; N–O – details of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 4 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 4. Male genitalia of Thysanarthria species. A–E – T. atriceps (Régimbart, 1903) from Zambia: 20 km W of Gwanda, coll. NMPC (A–C – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; D–E – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view); F–J – T. atriceps from Republic of South Africa: 8 km NEE of Stanford, coll. NMPC (F–H – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; I–J – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view); K–O – T. brittoni Balfour-Browne, 1951, holotype (K–M – whole aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; N–O – detail of median lobe and parameres in dorsal and ventral view).
Fig. 3 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 3. Morphology of Thysanarthria. A – mentum and maxillary palps; B – meso- and metaventrite and meso- and metafemora; C – head and prothorax in ventral view; D – antenna; E – ultimate maxillary palpomere with basal peg-like setae; F – metatarsus; G – ventral view with gelatinous substrance on the base of abdomen; H – detail of abdomen with gelatinous substance in the cavity on ventrites 1–2. A, C–F – Thysanarthria championi (Knisch, 1924); B, G–H – T. atriceps (Régimbart, 1903).
Fig. 1 in A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini)
Fig. 1. Habitus of the Thysanarthria species and related Old Word Chaetarthriini. A – Thysanarthria bengalensis Hebauer, 2001, holotype; B – T. persica sp. nov., paratype; C – T. siamensis Hebauer, 2001, holotype; D – T. hongsonensis Hebauer, 2001, holotype; E – European Chaetarthria: C. seminulum (Herbst, 1797); F – large Old World Chaetarthria: C. nigerrima (Blackburn, 1891).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.