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Occurrence dataset for the subspecies of the American badger (Taxidea taxus berlandieri) in the north-central region of Mexico
<p>The subspecies of American badger (<em>Taxidea taxus berlandieri </em>Baird, 1858), also called tlalcoyote (Figure 1), is distributed in north-central Mexico. However, its occurrence records are scarce and the few that exist are uncertain due to incorrect georeferencing or identification of the taxonomic unit. In view of this, we disgned a spatial sampling in part of the states of Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí and Zacatecas. In this north-central protion of Mexico, we generated a grid of squares measuring 5 × 5 km over the entire study area using QGIS® 3.10 software. Subsequently, we excluded squares that included urban settlements, agricultural land, or water bodies in more than 30% of their extension; we also descarted squares located at an altitude over 2,250 meters above sea level. To perform this filtering, we used both the land use and vegetation chart of the INEGI [Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática] (2018) and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) downloaded from the USGS page [United States Geological Survey] (2019) as a basis. As result, we obtained 3,471 squares separated by at least 5 km. Then, through simple random sampling, 177 (≈5%) squares were selected, where we generated centroids to be used as sampling sites. </p> <p>In field work, between 2009 and 2015, at these 177 sites we traced a 10 × 100 m transect, where we searched for<em> T. t. berlandieri</em> signs (i.e., burrows and scratching posts). In this case, their burrows and scratching posts are easily observed and quantified, and there is no chance of mistaking them for burrows of other species (Long 1973; Merlin 1999). Also, we recorded possible sightings, as other studies (e.g., Merlin 1999; Elbroch 2003). As result, we only found 33 with signs of occurrence. </p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Figure%201.%20Taxidea%20taxus%20Berlandieri%20Baird%2C%201858.jpeg">Figure 1.</a> Individual of tlalcoyote (<em>Taxidea taxus Berlandieri</em>). Photo obtained from Naturalista (2023) and uploaded by David Molina©. All rights reserved (CC BY-NC-ND).</p> <p>To increase the number of records, we included occurrence data from GBIF [Global Biodiversity Information Facility portal] (2022). We downloaded only the records that included coordinates and that their basis of registration was "preserved specimen". This, because they are correctly identified as specimens from biological collections (Maldonado <em>et al.</em> 2015). In addition, we only selected records for Mexico. Subsequently, we filtered the downloaded database, discarding records that were incorrectly georeferenced, with atypical and duplicate coordinates, as well as with low geospatial accuracy (e.g., less than three decimals of precision).</p> <p>We loaded the remaining data into the QGIS® software and performed a spatial filtering, where we excluded data that were outside the study area, located in unlikely areas (e.g., human settlements, bodies of water, agricultural areas) and with a distance of less than 5 km from the records obtained in the field. This gave a total of 10 records from the GBIF portal. Finally, we loaded the raster layers of elevation (Elev; INEGI 2007), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI, USGS 2019) and the slope of the terrain into the software to extract the pixel values based on the GBIF records and those obtained in the field. With this, we generated a new global dataset to which we performed environmental filtering to find environmental outliers. We plotted the normality distribution of the data for each variable and the dispersion of the data among the variables. In this filtering, we conserve all records. Figure 2 shows the normality distribution of the records as a function of Elev. Figure 3 shows the dispersion of the data between Elev and NDVI.</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Figure%202.%20Normal%20distribution.png">Figure 2.</a> Normality distribution of <em>T. t. berlandieri</em> occurrence records as a function of the elevation variable (Elev).</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Figure%203.%20Scatter%20plot.png">Figure 3.</a> Scatter plot of <em>T. t. berlandieri</em> occurrence records as a function of elevation (Elev) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI).</p> <p>For the north-central region of Mexico, we present the global database (i.e., <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Tatabe_joint.csv">Tatabe_joint.csv</a>), as well as the database that contains only the field evidence records (i.e., <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Tatabe_first_order.csv">Tatabe_first_order.csv</a>) and another one with the filtered GBIF records (i.e., <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9a8452c6-15e2-43cd-9c07-27b7fc1d422a/Tatabe_GBIF.csv">Tatabe_GBIF.csv</a>).</p>
Fig. 5 in Upgrading of Three Subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai to the Species Rank (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae)
Fig. 5. Dorsal (A, C, E) and ventral (B, D, F) views of Eudigraphis. A, B: E. takakuwai, female (Waita, Toyoura-cho, Shimonoseki City, 31 August 2017). C, D: E. nigricans, male (Uka, Toyoura-cho, Shimonoseki City, 1 September 2017). E, F: E. kinutensis (campus of Tottori University, Tottori City, 5 January 2018). All the scales = 1 mm.
Fig. 3 in Upgrading of Three Subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai to the Species Rank (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae)
Fig. 3. Unrooted ML phylogenetic tree based on ITS2 sequence data. Bootstrap proportions (BP≥85) of ML and Bayesian posterior probability (BPP≥0.95) are shown at each node (BP/BPP). The names of OTUs show species_locality_sample ID (details on Table 1).
Figs 17-21 in Contribution to the AIrotropical Ɨchneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ɨchneumonidae) Irom Gabon and Sierra Leone, with descriptions oI Iive new species and two new subspecies
Figs 17-21: Face of (17) Adelotropis gabonense nov.sp. ♀ and (18) Adelotropis spinosus nov.sp. ♀. Meta- soma of (19) Adelotropis gabonense nov.sp. ♀ and (20) Adelotropis spinosus nov.sp. ♀. Fig. 21: Scutellum of Adelotropis spinosus nov.sp. ♀. Fig 22: Ctenocalus maculipennis rufopetiolatus ssp.nov. ♀: Habitus from dorsal.
Figs 13-16 in Contribution to the AIrotropical Ɨchneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ɨchneumonidae) Irom Gabon and Sierra Leone, with descriptions oI Iive new species and two new subspecies
Figs 13-16: Propodeum of: (13) Compsophorus fuscopetiolaris nov.sp. ♀; (14) Compsophorus paracorrugata nov.sp. ♀; (15) Adelotropis gabonense nov.sp. ♀; (16) Magwengiella congica HEINRICH ♂.
Figs 7-12 in Contribution to the AIrotropical Ɨchneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ɨchneumonidae) Irom Gabon and Sierra Leone, with descriptions oI Iive new species and two new subspecies
Figs 7-12: Face of: (7) Compsophorus corrugata gabonense nov.ssp. ♀; (8) Compsophorus coxator nov.sp. ♀; (9) Compsophorus fuscopetiolaris nov.sp. ♀; (10) Compsophorus paracorrugata nov.sp. ♀; (11) Compsophorus fuscopetiolaris nov.sp. ♂; (12) Magwengiella congica HEINRICH ♂.
Fig. 12 in Revision of the aperturally dentate Charopidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) of southern Africa - genus Afrodonta s. lat., with description of five new genera, twelve new species and one new subspecies
Fig. 12. Shells of Costulodonta gen. nov. species. A–D. C. pluridens gen. et sp. nov., holotype, diameter 1.8 mm (NMSA V5920/T4267). E–G. C. trilamellaris (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1908) gen. et comb. nov., paralectotype, Dargle, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 1.45 mm (NMSA 2181/T624).
Fig. 11 in Revision of the aperturally dentate Charopidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) of southern Africa - genus Afrodonta s. lat., with description of five new genera, twelve new species and one new subspecies
Fig. 11. Distribution of Costulodonta gen. nov. species. C. acinaces (Connolly, 1933) gen. et comb. nov. (green square), C. bidens gen. et sp. nov. (turquoise squares), C. burnupi (Connolly, 1933) gen. et comb. nov. (orange square) C. pluridens gen. et sp. nov. (pink squares), C. trilamellaris (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1908) gen. et comb. nov. (royal blue square). Contour at 1000 m.
Fig. 9 in Revision of the aperturally dentate Charopidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) of southern Africa - genus Afrodonta s. lat., with description of five new genera, twelve new species and one new subspecies
Fig. 9. Distribution of Amatholedonta bimunita (Connolly, 1939) gen. et comb. nov. (green circles), Am. fordycei gen. et sp. nov. (blue circles) and Biomphalodonta forticostata gen. et sp. nov. (orange squares). Contour at 1000 m.
Fig. 8 in Revision of the aperturally dentate Charopidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) of southern Africa - genus Afrodonta s. lat., with description of five new genera, twelve new species and one new subspecies
Fig. 8. Shells of Amatholedonta gen. nov. and Biomphalodonta gen. nov. species. A–D. Amatholedonta bimunita (Connolly, 1939) gen. et comb. nov., Hogsback, E. Cape, diameter 2.0 mm (NMSA W6658). E–H. Am. fordycei gen. et sp. nov., holotype, diameter 1.84 mm (NMSA W6668/T4270). I–L. Biomphalodonta forticostata gen. et sp. nov., holotype, diameter 2.13 mm (NMSA V6949/T4261). M–O. B. forticostata gen. et sp. nov., paratype, large specimen, diameter 2.7 mm (NMSA V4886/T4262).
Fig. 7 in Revision of the aperturally dentate Charopidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) of southern Africa - genus Afrodonta s. lat., with description of five new genera, twelve new species and one new subspecies
Fig. 7. Shells of Afrodonta species. A–D. Afrodonta pentodon sp. nov., holotype, diameter 1.45 mm (NMSA V6950/T4239). E–G. Afrodonta unilamellaris Connolly, 1933, Mfongosi, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 1.52 mm (NMSA A9186).
Figure 3 in A New Subspecies Of Chrysolina Sanguineocincta (Crotch, 1871) From Turkey (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)
Figure 3. Aedeagus of holotype of Chrysolina sanguineocincta pinarbasiense subsp. nov., A. Dorsal view, B. Ventral view, C. Lateral view.
Figure 6 in A New Subspecies Of Chrysolina Sanguineocincta (Crotch, 1871) From Turkey (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)
Figure 6. Aedeagus in lateral view, A. Chrysolina sanguineocincta pinarbasiense subsp. nov., B. Chrysolina sanguineocincta sanguineocincta (Crotch, 1871), C. Chrysolina sanguineocincta bodemeyeri (Weise, 1910), D. Chrysolina marginata (Linnaeus, 1758).
Figure 2 in A New Subspecies Of Chrysolina Sanguineocincta (Crotch, 1871) From Turkey (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)
Figure 2. Habitus of paratype of Chrysolina sanguineocincta pinarbasiense subsp. nov., A. Dorsal view, B. Ventral view, C. Lateral view.
Figure 247 in A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote
Figure 247. Neighbor-joining CO1 tree of North American Lasionycta, Psammopolia, Tricholita ferrisi and Eurasian Lasionhada proxima and Eriopygodes imbecilla. Incomplete haplotypes with 600–657 base pairs are denoted with (*) and those with 550–599 base pairs with (**). The letter and number code after each species is a unique haplotype identifier followed by the number of samples in parentheses. No data is available for Psammopolia insolens, P. sala, or P. ochracea. The illustrated species show a member of each species-group and are scaled to the same size. The Lasionycta leucocycla species-group is shown in Fig. 248.
Figure 248 in A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote
Figure 248. Neighbor-joining CO1 tree of the North American Lasionycta leucocycla species-group. Symbols and codes are the same as in Fig. 247. No data is available for Lasionycta carolynae, L. illima, L. leucocycla hampa, L. macleani, L. mono, or L. uniformis handfieldi. The illustrated specimens demonstrate the variation in appearance of the species-group and are scaled to the same size.
Fig. 4 in Description of Gaertnera luteocarpa (Gentianales: Rubiaceae), with two subspecies, a new forest shrub species from Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana
Fig. 4. Distribution map. Gaertnera luteocarpa sp. nov. subsp. luteocarpa (stars) and G. luteocarpa subsp. sinoensis subsp. nov. (dots).
Fig. 3. A. Gaertnera spicata fruits. B. Gaertnera cooperi fruits. A from Lachenaud & Walters 1163. Photo O.L.S. Lachenaud. B in Description of Gaertnera luteocarpa (Gentianales: Rubiaceae), with two subspecies, a new forest shrub species from Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana
Fig. 3. A. Gaertnera spicata fruits. B. Gaertnera cooperi fruits. A from Lachenaud & Walters 1163. Photo O.L.S. Lachenaud. B from Jongkind, de Wet & Sambolah 12104. Photo C.C.H. Jongkind.
Fig. 2 in Description of Gaertnera luteocarpa (Gentianales: Rubiaceae), with two subspecies, a new forest shrub species from Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana
Fig. 2. Gaertnera luteocarpa sp. nov. subsp. sinoensis subsp. nov. A. Fruits and leaves. B. Close up of fruits. From Jongkind, Bilivogui & Daniels 9832. Photos C.C.H. Jongkind.
Fig. 1 in Description of Gaertnera luteocarpa (Gentianales: Rubiaceae), with two subspecies, a new forest shrub species from Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana
Fig. 1. Gaertnera luteocarpa sp. nov. subsp. luteocarpa. A. Habit in fruit. B. Fruits. C. Stipules. D. Twig showing ridges around base of petiole. A, B & D from Hawthorne & Gyakari 205a063; C from Hawthorne & Gyakari 201a223. Photos W.D. Hawthorne.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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