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27 results for “subterranean ecology”
Data from: Human activities modulate reciprocal effects of a subterranean ecological engineer rodent, Tachyoryctes macrocephalus, on Afroalpine vegetation cover
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst"><span>Human activities, directly and indirectly, impact ecological engineering activities of subterranean rodents. As engineering activities of burrowing rodents are affected by, and reciprocally affect vegetation cover via feeding, burrowing and mound building, human influence such as settlements and livestock grazing, could have cascading effects on biodiversity and ecosystem processes such as bioturbation. However, there is limited understanding of the relationship between human activities and burrowing rodents. The aim of this study was therefore to understand how human activities influence the ecological engineering activity of the giant root-rat (<em>Tachyoryctes macrocephalus</em>), a subterranean rodent species endemic to the Afroalpine ecosystem of the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia. We collected data on human impact, burrowing activity and vegetation during February and March of 2021. Using path analysis, we tested (1) direct effects of human settlement on the patterns of livestock grazing intensity, (2) direct and indirect impacts of humans and livestock grazing intensity on the root-rat burrow density, and (3) whether human settlement and livestock grazing influence the effects of giant root-rat burrow density on vegetation and <em>vice versa</em>. We found lower levels of livestock grazing intensity further from human settlement than in its proximity. We also found a significantly increased giant root-rat burrow density with increasing livestock grazing intensity. Seasonal settlement and livestock grazing intensity had an indirect negative and positive effect on giant root-rat burrow density, respectively, both via vegetation cover. Analysing the reciprocal effects of giant root-rat on vegetation, we found a significantly decreased vegetation cover with increasing density of giant root-rat burrows, and indirectly with increasing livestock grazing intensity via giant root-rat burrow density. Our results demonstrate that giant root-rats play a synanthropic engineering role that affects vegetation structure and ecosystem processes. </span></p>
Data from: Human activities modulate reciprocal effects of a subterranean ecological engineer rodent, Tachyoryctes macrocephalus, on Afroalpine vegetation cover
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Environmental filtering and convergent evolution determine the ecological specialisation of subterranean spiders
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Bite force in the strictly subterranean rodent family of African mole-rats (Bathyergidae): the role of digging mode, social organisation, and ecology
<p>Bite force is an ecologically relevant performance trait that has been measured to better understand the adaptations to diet and habitat use. Moreover, bite force is relevant in understanding reproductive success, as well as inter- and intraspecific competition. African mole-rats (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) are a unique clade of mammals that use different digging strategies, show different types of social organisation, and occur in ecologically diverse savannah habitats in Sub-Saharan Africa. Whereas previous studies have suggested these animals have exceptionally high bite forces, the ecological and other proximate and ultimate drivers of variation in bite force in the group remain unstudied. In the present study we measured in vivo bite force of 394 adult specimens from ten African mole-rat species including all genera within the family. Our results show that in African mole-rats digging mode is a major driver of variation in bite force, with chisel-tooth diggers being stronger biters than scratch-diggers. Moreover, species living in habitats characterised by low and irregular precipitation patterns and in soils with a high content of coarse particles have a higher bite force than species occupying habitats with a regular rainfall pattern and fine soil types. This suggests that bite force in bathyergids has evolved in concert with rainfall and soil characteristics of different savannah habitats, which have contributed to the successful radiation of these subterranean mammals across sub-Saharan Africa.</p>
Figure 1 in Can we agree on an ecological classification of subterranean animals?
Figure 1. Controversy of troglomorphy. The Niphargus case. (A) Niphargus hebereri Schellenberg (strictly cavernicolous); (B) N. stygius (Schiödte) (from caves and rock fissures); (C) N. valachicus Dobreanu et Manolache (from lowland pools and ditches); (D) N. krameri Schellenberg (from small surface streams, sometimes in caves). Scale bar approximately 10 mm. Specimen (D) preserved. Note that the absence of eyes is a primary character of the genus; absence of pigmentation is a troglomorphic character of both cave species. The strictly subterranean N. hebereri is not troglomorphic in its body proportions while the epigean N. krameri seemingly is.
Data from: Niches within a niche: ecological differentiation of subterranean amphipods across Europe’s interstitial waters
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Bite force in the strictly subterranean rodent family of African mole-rats (Bathyergidae): the role of digging mode, social organisation, and ecology
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Ecological specialization and niche overlap of subterranean rodents inferred from DNA metabarcoding diet analysis
<p>Knowledge of how animal species use food resources available in the environment increases our understanding of ecological processes. However, obtaining this information using traditional methods is a hard task for species feeding on a large variety of food items in highly diverse environments. We amplified the DNA of plants for 306 scat and 40 soil samples, and applied an eDNA metabarcoding approach to investigate food preferences, degree of diet specialization and diet overlap of seven herbivore rodent species of the <i>Ctenomys</i> genus distributed in southern and midwestern Brazil.<b> </b>The metabarcoding approach revealed that species consume more than 60% of the plant families recovered in soil samples, indicating generalist feeding habits of ctenomyids. The Poaceae family was the most common food resource retrieved in scats of all species as well in soil samples. Niche overlap analysis indicated high overlap in the plant families and Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units consumed, mainly among the southern species.<b> </b>Interspecific difference in diet composition was influenced, among other factors, by the availability of resources in the environment. In addition, our results provide support for the hypothesis that the allopatric distributions of ctenomyids allow them to exploit the same range of resources when available, possibly because of the absence of interspecific competition.</p>
Figure 3 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Figure 3 Distribution of Romanian groundwater copepods in Apuseni Mountains (numbers correspond to localities; cf. List of species in Suppl. material 1; green squares – Cyclopoida; blue squares – Harpacticoida).
Figure 2 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Figure 2 The distribution of the four most abundat stygobite species of copepods in the dataset. a Distribution of Spelaeocamptus spelaeus (Harpacticoida) in Romania based on 16 occurences (15 caves and one tap water) b Distribution of Acanthocyclops milotai (Cyclopoida) in Romania based based on 13 occurences (caves) c Distribution of Diacyclops clandestinus in Romania based on 13 occurences (caves, hyporheic, wells, springs, tap water) d Distribution of Acanthocyclops kieferi in Romania based on 12 occurences (caves, hyporheic, wells, tap water).
Figure 5 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Figure 5 Distribution of Romanian groundwater copepods in Dobrogea (numbers correspond to localities; cf. List of species – Suppl. material 1).
Figure 4 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Figure 4 Distribution of Romanian groundwater copepods in Banat (numbers correspond to localities; cf. List of species – Suppl. material 1).
Supplementary material 1 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Checklist of groundwater Copepoda (Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida) from Romania
Figure 1 from: Iepure S, Bădăluţă C-A, Moldovan OT (2021) An annotated checklist of groundwater Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Romania with notes on their distribution and ecology. Subterranean Biology 41: 87-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.41.72542
Figure 1 Geological map and distribution of the subterranean localities in Romania with the location of the records of groundwater Cyclopoida (green square) and Harpacticoida (blue square) (I-V: biospeleological provinces after Gibert and Decu 1994).
Figure 4 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 4 - Annual trends of temperatures in the Pugnetto hypogean complex. The shade of blues indicate the relative position of the dataloggers at each cave-triplet, from the outermost (lighter blues) to the innermost sections (darker blues). Records from only one MSS-triplet are shown.
Figure 3 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 3 - a sampling holes (details) b Blocking screw c installation of an MSS-triplet d SSD of three different length e MSS-triplet buried in the ground f, g renewing the pitfall trap inside the SSD. Photo credits: Elena Piano.
Figure 2 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 2 - Map of the study area. The shape and the topographic position of the four caves (Borna Maggiore di Pugnetto, Tana del Lupo, Creusa d'le Tampe, Tana della Volpe) was obtained from the original planimetric drawings of Muratore (1946). The position of the sampling plots in caves ("cave triplets", C1–C8), in the MSS ("MSS triplets", M1–M8) and in the leaf litter ("epigean", L1–L6) are represented by coloured dots. The different sectors of the cave are coloured with different shades of grey representing the subjacency – i.e., vertical distance from the surface – according to Motta and Motta (2015).
Figure 6 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 6 - Predicted values (black line) and 95% confidence intervals (grey surface) of the effect of the sampling series (Serie_i) on the abundance of external elements in the MSS (a), on the species richness of external elements in the MSS (b) and on the abundance of external elements in the cave at subjacency of 0–20m (c) derived from GAMM analyses. Only fixed effects are shown.
Figure 1 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 1 - a Main entrance of the Borna di Pugnetto (photo credit: Alberto Chiarle and Mauro Paschetta, 2014) b Main entrance of the Creusa d'le Tampe (photo credit: Elena Piano, 2013) c exposed soil/MSS profile in a fresh-cut along a slope in the vicinity of the Borna di Pugnetto (photo credit: Jacopo Orlandini, 2014) d the typical cave geo-morphology within the Borna di Pugnetto (photo credit: Alberto Chiarle and Mauro Paschetta, 2014) e detail of the MSS geo-morphological structure (photo credit: Jacopo Orlandini, 2014).
Figure 5 from: Mammola S, Piano E, Giachino PМ, Isaia M (2017) An ecological survey of the invertebrate community at the epigean/hypogean interface. Subterranean Biology 24: 27-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.21585
Figure 5 - Boxplots showing the results of the regression analysis of the MSS (a–c) and the cave (d–f) data. Outlying values are not shown. Significance codes: < 0.001 ***; < 0.005 **; < 0.05 *.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.