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Figure 4 in Modeling habitat suitability and current distribution of the Maghreb magpie (Pica mauritanica)

Figure 4. (A) Current distribution of the Maghreb magpie in North Africa, (B) binary map of habitat suitability with a threshold> 0.6.

Figure 6 in Modeling habitat suitability and current distribution of the Maghreb magpie (Pica mauritanica)

Figure 6. Response curves of the explanatory variables included in the species distribution model (SDM) for Pica mauritanica. (MTWQ: mean temperature of wettest quarter).

Figure 5 in Modeling habitat suitability and current distribution of the Maghreb magpie (Pica mauritanica)

Figure 5. Two-dimensional plots of Pica mauritanica niche hypervolume with the most influential variables.

Fig. 4 in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 4. Variables with the highest contributions to the potential distributions of L. flavimembris (a) and L. fazilae (b) according to MaxEnt, with the standard errors in shown blue. In each graph, the y-axis indicates the probability of presence and the x-axis shows the contribution of each variable. See Table 1 for definitions of the environmental variables.

Fig. 6 in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 6. Frequencies of Bedrock types on the different presence points of L. flavimembris and L. fazilae. Bedrock type abbreviations: Alluvion [All], Breccias [Brec], Pebble Stone-Sandstone-Mudstone [PS-SS-MS], Chert [Cher], Cherty Limestone [Cher LS], Dolomite [Dol], Limestone [LS], Melange [Mel], Peridotite [Per], Spilite-Basalt-Tuff [SBT], Sandstone-Mudstone [SS-MS], Sandstone-Mudstone-Limestone [SS-MS-LS], Volcanite-Sedimentary Rock [V-SR], and all unknown rock types [Unknown].

Fig. 3 in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 3. Results of the Jackknife test for evaluating the relative importance of environmental variables for L. flavimembris (a) and L. fazilae (b). See Table 1 for definitions of the environmental variables.

Fig. 2 in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 2. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for L. flavimembris (a) and L. fazilae (b).

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Expanded distribution and predicted suitable habitat for the critically endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) in Peru

The Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot holds a remarkable number of species at risk of extinction due to anthropogenic habitat loss, hunting and climate change. One of these species, the Critically Endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda), was recently sighted in Junín region, 206 kilometres south of its previously known distribution. The range extension, combined with continued habitat loss, calls for a re-evaluation of the species' distribution and available suitable habitat. Here, we present novel data from surveys at 53 sites in the regions of Junín, Cerro de Pasco, Ayacucho and Cusco. We encountered L. flavicauda at 9 sites, all in Junín, and the congeneric L. l. tschudii at 20 sites, but never in sympatry. Using these new localities along with all previous geographic localities for the species, we made predictive Species Distribution Models based on Ecological Niche Modelling using a generalized linear model and maximum entropy. Each model incorporated bioclimatic variables, forest cover, vegetation measurements, and elevation as predictor variables. Model evaluation showed >80% accuracy for all measures. Precipitation was the strongest predicter of species presence. Habitat suitability maps illustrate potential corridors for gene flow between the southern and northern populations, although much of this area is inhabited by L. l. tschudii. An analysis of the current protected area (PA) network showed ~47% of remaining suitable habitat is unprotected. With this, we suggest priority areas for new protected areas or expansions to existing reserves that would conserve potential corridors between L. flavicauda populations. Further surveys and characterization of the distribution in intermediate areas, combined with studies on genetic flow, are still needed to protect this species.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Niche suitability and spatial distribution patterns of anurans in a unique Ecoregion mosaic of Northern Pakistan

The lack of information regarding biodiversity states hampers designing and implementation conservation strategies and future targets. Northern Pakistan consists of a unique ecoregion mosaic which supports a myriad of environmental niches for anuran diversity to flourish in comparison to the deserts and xeric shrublands throughout the rest of the country. In order to study the niche suitability, overlap and distribution patterns in Pakistan, we collected observational data for nine amphibian species across several distinct ecoregions by surveying 87 randomly selected locations from 2016 to 2018 in District Rawalpindi and Islamabad Capital Territory. Our model showed that the precipitation of the warmest and coldest quarter, distance to rivers and vegetation were the greatest drivers of anuran distribution, expectedly indicating that the presence of humid forests and proximity to waterways greatly influences the habitable range of anurans in Pakistan. Sympatric overlap between species occurred at significantly higher density in tropical and subtropical coniferous forests than in other ecoregion types. We found species such as Minervarya spp., Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Euphlyctis spp. showed preference for the lowlands in proximal, central and southern parts of the study area proximal to urban settlements, little vegetation and higher average temperatures. The toads Duttaphrynus bengalensis and D. stomaticus had scattered distributions throughout the study area with no clear preference for elevation. Sphaerotheca pashchima showed a patchy distribution in the midwestern extent of the study area as well as the foothills to the north. Microhyla nilphamariensis also showed a wide distribution throughout the study area with a preference for both lowlands and montane terrain. Endemic frogs (Nanorana vicina and Allopaa hazarensis) were observed only in locations with higher elevations, higher density of streams and lower average temperatures as compared to the other seven species sampled.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Fig. 2 in Distribution and bioclimatic suitability of Duvalius hartigi, subterranean beetle from the lava caves of Mount Etna (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae)

Fig. 2 – Distribution of Duvalius beetles in Sicily (above) and predicted current distribution for Duvalius hartigi on Mount Etna based on Maxent model. Species of Sicilian Duvalius are numbered in order of description year: 1 – D. siculus; 2 – D. silvestrii; 3 – D. marii; 4 – D. hartigi; 5 – D. petriolii; 6 – D. aliciae; 7 – D. adelphus; 8 – D. ribaudoi; 9 – D. patronitii. Blue circles represent literature data and yellow circles represents original data gathered in this work. The pink line represents the boundary of the Etna Park and the inset graph represents the relationships between environmental predictor variables (BIO16, BIO04) and the probability of occurrence of D. hartigi.

publicJun 2023View details →

Niche suitability and spatial distribution patterns of anurans in a unique Ecoregion mosaic of Northern Pakistan

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publicMar 2023View details →

Expanded distribution and predicted suitable habitat for the critically endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) in Peru

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Habitat suitability and the distribution of species: Polygonatum biflorum demography data from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1998 to 2006

Metapopulation theory posits that suitable habitat may frequently be unoccupied because it is isolated and has never been colonized or has been colonized followed by local extinction and has not yet been recolonized. This research addresses the question of how to identify suitable, unoccupied habitat and distinguish it from unsuitable habitat. We are studying a group of six species of forest understory herbs chosen to represent a broad range of habitat distribution and dispersal characteristics. Our aim is to quantify the fundamental niche of these species (sensu Hutchinson 1957), in terms of variables such as soil moisture and temperature, by developing a set of habitat specific demographic stage transition models (i.e. conditional on such environmental variables) for these species. These models, in combination with data from field surveys of the local distribution of the species, will be used to develop testable predictive maps of the distribution of suitable habitat which can be compared to the observed distribution of the plants. We hypothesize that both dispersal ability and the distribution of suitable habitat are important determinants of the actual distribution of species. The goal of this research is both to further our conceptual understanding of the relationships between habitat requirements and species distributions, and to provide a practical approach to operationalizing the concept of "suitable habitat."

openCustomJan 2020View details →

dryad36/100

Modelling the potential global distribution of suitable habitat for the biological control agent Heterorhabditis indica

Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis indica is a promising biocontrol candidate. Despite the acknowledged importance of EPN in pest control, no extensive data sets or maps have been developed on their distribution at global level. This study is the first attempt to generate Ecological Niche Models (ENM) for H. indica and its global Habitat Suitability Map (HSM) to generate biogeographical information and predicts its global geographical range of prospective areas for its exploration and to help identify the suitable release areas for biocontrol purpose. The aim of the modelling exercise was to access the influence of temperature and soil moisture on the biogeographical patterns of H. indica at the global level. CLIMEX software was used to model the distribution of H. indica and access to the influence of environmental variable on its global distribution. In total, 162 records of H. indica occurrence from 27 countries over 25 years was combined to generate the known distribution data. The model was further fine-tuned using the direct experimental observations of the H. indica's growth response to temperature and soil moisture. Model predicts much of the tropics and subtropics has suitable climatic conditions for H. indica. It further predicts that H. indica distribution can extends into warmer temperate climates. Examination of the model output, predictions maps at a global level indicate that H. indica distribution may be limited by cold stress, heat stress and dry stresses in different areas. However, cold stress appears to be the major limiting factor. This study, highlighted an efficient way to construct HSM for EPN potentially useful in the search/release of target species in new locations. The study showed that H. indica which is known as warm adapted EPN generally found in tropics and subtropics can potentially establish itself in warmer temperate climates as well. The model can also be used to decide the release timing of EPN by adjusting with season for maximum growth. The model developed in the current study clearly identified the value and potential of Habitat Suitability Map (HSM) in planning of future surveys and application of H. indica.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Figure 1 in Modeling habitat suitability and current distribution of the Maghreb magpie (Pica mauritanica)

Figure 1. The distribution of Pica mauritanica throughout North Africa.

Figure 3 in Modeling habitat suitability and current distribution of the Maghreb magpie (Pica mauritanica)

Figure 3. Variable importance (based on correlation metric) of the ensemble model.

Fig. 5. MaxEnt habitat suitability maps for L in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 5. MaxEnt habitat suitability maps for L. flavimembris (a) and L. fazilae (b).

Fig. 1 in Distribution and habitat suitability of two neighboring Lycian salamanders

Fig. 1. Study area and distributions of presence data for L. flavimembris and L. fazilae.