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39 results for “surface chemistry”
LAGOS-US LIMNO: Data module of surface water chemistry from 1975-2021 for lakes in the conterminous U.S.
The LAGOS-US LIMNO data package is one of the core data modules of LAGOS-US, an extensible research-ready platform designed to study the 479,950 lakes and reservoirs larger than or equal to 1 ha in the conterminous US (48 states plus the District of Columbia). The LIMNO module contains in situ observations of 47 parameters of lake physics, chemistry, and biology (hereafter referred to as chemistry) from lake surface samples (defined as observations taken from the epilimnion of a lake) obtained from the Water Quality Portal, the National Lakes Assessment (2007, 2012, 2017), and NEON programs. LIMNO provides 3,511,020 observations across all parameters collected between 1975 and 2021 from 20,329 lakes; the number of observations per lake ranged from 1 to 20,605 with a median of 32. The database design that supports the LAGOS-US research platform was created based on several important design features: lakes are the fundamental unit of consideration, all lakes in the spatial extent above the minimum size must be represented, and most information is connected to individual lakes. The design is modular, interoperable (the modules can be used with each other, as well as other comprehensive lake data products such as the USGS NHD), and extensible (future database modules can be developed and used in the LAGOS-US research platform by others). Users are encouraged to use the other two core data modules that are part of the LAGOS-US platform: LOCUS (location, identifiers, and physical characteristics of lakes and their watersheds) and GEO (characteristics defining geospatial and temporal ecological setting quantified at multiple spatial divisions) that are each found in their own data packages.
Spatial surface water chemistry of Lake Mendota with FLAMe: 2014-2016
We mapped surface water chemistry in Lake Mendota 39 times between 2014 and 2016. We used a sensor-based and boat-mounted sensing platform to continuously measure underway water chemistry. Measurements were linked with global positioning systems (GPS) to create maps of surface water chemistry. Data have been provided in three formats (raw, hydraulic-corrected, and tau-corrected). Dataset is used for the publication, "Large spatial and temporal variability of carbon dioxide and methane in a eutrophic lake", https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005186
Marcell Experimental Forest chemistry of surface water draining the S2 catchment, 1986 - ongoing
This data set is a record since 1986 of chemistry for surface water draining the S2 catchment at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Itasca County, Minnesota. Unfiltered water is usually collected every one or two weeks as part of the long-term monitoring program of the S2 catchment. Some samples were collected more often for various other studies and are included in this data set. Samples are routinely measured for pH, specific conductivity, anions (chloride, sulfate), cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, aluminum, iron, manganese, strontium), silicon, nutrients (ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus), and total organic carbon. Occasionally, stable water and mercury isotopes as well as concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial respiration of dissolved organic matter, biodegradable DOC (BDOC), ferrous and ferric iron, total mercury (filtered or unfiltered), methylmercury (filtered or unfiltered), and lead were measured. Ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, a measure of water color or dissolved organic matter optical properties, was also measured for some samples. More solutes and values will be added as additional metadata are documented (pre-1986 to 1992), water samples are collected and analyzed (concentrations and isotopes), or archived water samples are analyzed for stable water isotopes. The MEF is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Stream metabolism estimates and surface water chemistry in Glenbrook Creek (NV) and Blackwood Creek (CA) in the Lake Tahoe Basin, 2021-2024
The goal of this project was to develop a process-based understanding of how in-stream productivity and nitrogen dynamics respond to hydroclimatic volatility. We used a combined approach of high-frequency sensor deployment and maintenance, ecosystem metabolism modeling, and routine monitoring of water chemistry and other parameters. The data we collected as part of this project demonstrate how variable ecosystem productivity is in time and space in within and among mountain streams. Although maintenance of the sensor arrays during the exceptionally wet winter of 2023 was challenging, we were able to estimate a time series of stream metabolism within the upper and lower reaches of two streams with different basin characteristics and through hydroclimatic conditions (2021 to 2024). Throughout this project we: 1. We generated four years of daily estimates of ecosystem metabolism (gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem productivity) from upper and lower reach stations on both the east and west shores of the Lake Tahoe Basin. 2. We measured ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations in surface water and sediment samples from both Glenbrook and Blackwood creeks. 3. We modeled nitrogen supply and demand dynamics at each reach location. See this git code repository for project analysis: https://github.com/kellyloria/Mountain-stream-biogeochem-and-productivity.
Mass and Chemistry of Organic Horizons and Surface Mineral Soils on Watershed 6 at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1976 - present
The forest floor of Watershed 6 was first sampled in 1969-70. These data include forest floor thickness, soil mass, organic matter content, and major-element composition for samples collected since 1976. Watershed 6 has been resampled at intervals varying from one to ten years. Sampling at five to ten year intervals is expected to continue. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Mass and Chemistry of Organic Horizons and Surface Mineral Soils on Watershed 1 at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest 1996-present
This data set includes chemistry of O-horizons ("forest floor") and the 0-10 cm mineral soil layer in Watershed 1 at Hubbard Book. Calcium in the form of wollastonite (CaSiO3) was added to Watershed 1 in October 1999. The application rate was 1028 kg Ca per ha, and the application was relatively uniform across the watershed. Pre-treatment forest floor surveys were completed in 1996 and 1998. The first post-treatment forest floor survey was completed in 2000. This data set includes mass and thickness data for the sampled layers. Chemical data include concentrations and pools of organic matter, C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, Mn, Fe, Al, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Soil pH and exchangeable Al, Ca, Mg, K, and H are also included. Sampling is intended to continue at 4 or 5 year intervals. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
17O hyperfine spectroscopy in surface chemistry and catalysis
<ul> <li><strong>Data type</strong>: Experimental spectroscopic measurements, Computer Simulation and Analysis</li> <li>Files are with filename extensions: <strong>DSC</strong>, <strong>DTA</strong>, <strong>m</strong>, <strong>opj</strong>, <strong>out</strong>, and <strong>f34</strong>.</li> <li>Information on <strong>origin of the data</strong>: <ul> <li>EPR spectroscopic measurements with filename extensions <strong>DSC</strong> and <strong>DTA</strong></li> <li>EPR spectroscopic simulation and analyses with filename extension<strong> m</strong></li> <li>cwEPR spectroscopic spectra with simulations with filename extension <strong>opj</strong></li> <li>Periodic DFT computations with(out) filename extensions <strong>out </strong>and <strong>f34 </strong>in ASCII format</li> <li>Molecular cluster DFT computations with filename extensions <strong>in</strong> and <strong>out</strong> in ASCII format</li> </ul> </li> <li>Are the data <strong>generated</strong> (e.g. by a machine) or <strong>collected</strong> (e.g. by means of a survey)? <ul> <li>X-band CW-EPR spectroscopic measurements were generated by EMX spectrometer equipped with SHQ cavity produced by Bruker.</li> <li>Q-band Pulsed-EPR spectroscopic measurements were generated by ELEXYS 580 EPR spectrophotometer equipped with SHQ cavity and ER035 M NMR gaussmeter produced by Bruker.</li> <li>Periodic DFT computations were generated using distributed parallel version of CRYSTAL17 code.</li> <li>Molecular cluster DFT computations were generated using the ORCA (v5.0.2) code.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>If the dataset includes multiple files that relate to each other:</strong> <ul> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP4_20230309_01_ORCA</strong> folder includes molecular cluster DFT computation inputs and outputs in ASCII format.</li> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP4_20230309_02_CRYSTAL</strong> folder includes periodic DFT computation inputs and outputs in ASCII format.</li> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP4_20230309_03_CW </strong>folder includes CW-EPR spectroscopic measurements and computer simulations/analyses, original data are in DTA/DSC formats; simulations in m format; and results plotted in opj format.</li> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP4_20230309_04_Pulse</strong> folder includes subfolders of VO/ZSM-5 and Zn/ZSM-5 that contain Pulsed-EPR spectroscopic measurements and computer simulations/analyses, original data are in DTA/DSC formats; files in m format were used to process the data.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>Information on</strong>: <ul> <li>specialized abbreviations: <strong>EPR</strong> – Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, <strong>CW</strong> – Continuous Wave EPR, <strong>HYSCORE </strong>– HYperfine Sublevel CORrelation spectroscopy, <strong>ENDOR</strong> – Electron Nuclear DOuble Resonance, <strong>DFT</strong> – Density Functional Theory</li> <li>definitions of variables: <strong>Magnetic field, Temperature</strong></li> <li>units of measurement: <strong>Gauss (G), K</strong></li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Marcell Experimental Forest chemistry of surface water draining the S6 catchment, 1986 - ongoing
This data set is a record since 1986 of chemistry for surface water draining the S6 catchment at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Itasca County, Minnesota. Unfiltered water is usually collected every one or two weeks as part of the long-term monitoring program of the S6 catchment. Some samples were collected more often for various other studies and are included in this data set. Samples are routinely measured for pH, specific conductivity, anions (chloride, sulfate), cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, aluminum, iron, manganese, strontium), silicon, nutrients (ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus), and total organic carbon. Occasionally, stable water isotopes as well as concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial respiration of dissolved organic matter, biodegradable DOC (BDOC), ferrous and ferric iron, total mercury (filtered or unfiltered), and methylmercury (filtered or unfiltered) were measured. Ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, a measure of water color or dissolved organic matter optical properties, was also measured for some samples. More solutes and values will be added as additional metadata are documented (pre-1986 to 1992), water samples are collected and analyzed (concentrations and isotopes), or archived water samples are analyzed for stable water isotopes. The MEF is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Groundwater and surface water chemistry from the Hole-in-the-Donut and nearby Taylor Slough in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA: 2015-2016
This research investigated the effects of the vegetation and soil removal on the hydrologic conditions of the Hole-in-the-donut (HID) of Everglades National Park. Groundwater and surface water samples were collected from 2 wells within the HID (DO1,DO3) and two wells outside the HID in adjacent Taylor Slough (NP-67, TSB). Surface water was collected at each site if present.
Surface and porewater chemistry and sulfur stable isotpes for alpine and subalpine wetland sites, 2021.
To understand patterns in aqueous biogeochemistry of wetlands at Niwot Ridge, samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved anions and stable isotopes of sulfur in 2021. Samples were collected from eight wetland sites representing three wetland types, from the Saddle into the subalpine. At each site, tension lysimeters were placed at visible surface inflow and outflow paths to collect porewater. Water samples were collected from the tension lysimeters and surface pools during four time points through the summer season. Water samples were measured for a suite of dissolved anions using ion chromatography, including dissolved chloride, nitrate, and sulfate. Samples were also measured for dissolved organic carbon. Sulfur from one surface water sample from each site at each time point was precipitated as barium sulfate, and precipitations were analyzed for stable sulfur isotope ratio (δ^34S-SO4^2-) at the Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. Data was used in conjunction with soil biogeochemistry data from 2020 to evaluate patterns in reactants among wetland types.
The Surface Water Chemistry (SWatCh) database
<p>This is the dataset presented in the following manuscript: The Surface Water Chemistry (SWatCh) database: A standardized global database of water chemistry to facilitate large-sample hydrological research, which is currently under review at Earth System Science Data.</p> <p>Openly accessible global scale surface water chemistry datasets are urgently needed to detect widespread trends and problems, to help identify their possible solutions, and determine critical spatial data gaps where more monitoring is required. Existing datasets are limited in availability, sample size/sampling frequency, and geographic scope. These limitations inhibit the answering of emerging transboundary water chemistry questions, for example, the detection and understanding of delayed recovery from freshwater acidification. Here, we begin to address these limitations by compiling the global surface water chemistry (SWatCh) database. We collect, clean, standardize, and aggregate open access data provided by six national and international agencies to compile a database containing information on sites, methods, and samples, and a GIS shapefile of site locations. We remove poor quality data (for example, values flagged as “suspect” or “rejected”), standardize variable naming conventions and units, and perform other data cleaning steps required for statistical analysis. The database contains water chemistry data for streams, rivers, canals, ponds, lakes, and reservoirs across seven continents, 24 variables, 33,722 sites, and over 5 million samples collected between 1960 and 2022. Similar to prior research, we identify critical spatial data gaps on the African and Asian continents, highlighting the need for more data collection and sharing initiatives in these areas, especially considering freshwater ecosystems in these environs are predicted to be among the most heavily impacted by climate change. We identify the main challenges associated with compiling global databases – limited data availability, dissimilar sample collection and analysis methodology, and reporting ambiguity – and provide recommended solutions. By addressing these challenges and consolidating data from various sources into one standardized, openly available, high quality, and trans-boundary database, SWatCh allows users to conduct powerful and robust statistical analyses of global surface water chemistry.</p>
Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Variability in Marine Surface Waters of the Pacific Northwest. Data Archive.
<p>This archive includes two .nc files (NetCDF format) containing observational data (discrete and mooring) from marine surface waters of the Pacific Northwest that have not yet been submitted to a long-term data repository. These data contributed to the development of seasonal cycle data products described in the manuscript by Fassbender et al. A metadata file is provided for the discrete data subset (upper 10 m of discrete observational data); however, the complete cruise datasets and metadata will be submitted for archival in the National Centers for Environmental Information’s (NCEI) Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data repository (<a href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/oceanacidification/">https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/oceanacidification/</a>). Data subsets are provided here for accelerated public access. Data users are encouraged to download the complete datasets from NCEI once they are available (<a href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/oceanacidification/stewardship/data_portal.html">https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/oceanacidification/stewardship/data_portal.html</a>). Metadata for the University of Washington Oceanic Remote Chemical/Optical Analyzer (ORCA) mooring observations used by Fassbender et al., including the temperature and salinity data from the Dabob Bay and Twanoh moorings, are not provided here. Quality control protocols applied to the ORCA mooring data are outlined in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (<a href="http://nwem.ocean.washington.edu/ORCA_QAPP.pdf">http://nwem.ocean.washington.edu/ORCA_QAPP.pdf</a>; Newton and Devol, 2012).</p>
Marcell Experimental Forest biweekly surface water and monthly porewater chemistry at Bog Lake Peatland, 2007 - ongoing
This data set reports the chemistry of surface and porewater water from the Bog Lake peatland in the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Itasca County, Minnesota, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Surface water has been collected about every other week since 2007 from a pool of water and sampling is ongoing. Once covered with ice, water was typically sampled once a month. Porewaters at five depths (0 to 2 m depths) have been collected about monthly from three different nest of piezometers since 2013, though never when samplers were frozen. Samples are measured for pH, specific conductivity, anions (chloride, sulfate), cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, aluminum, iron, manganese, strontium), silicon, nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus), and total organic carbon.
Surface and hyporheic porewater chemistry and sediment nitrification potentials in Von Guerard Stream, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2018-2020)
Surface water and hyporheic porewater samples were collected at high frequency during the 2017-18 (01/20/2018-01/21/2018) and 2018-19 (01/10/2019-01/12/2019) flow seasons, and opportunistically throughout the 2019-20 flow season (12/17/2019-1/25/2020) from the lower reaches of Von Guerard Stream, Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Porewater samples were collected using plastic tubing inserted to depths of 15 or 30 cm and drawn out by syringe. This data package includes sampling locations and water chemistry data (including concentrations for dissolved organic nitrogen species, dissolved organic carbon, silica, as well as water isotopes). A laboratory nitrification potential assay was performed on sediments collected from Von Guerard stream during the 2017-18 flow season to assess the functional microbial potential of the hyporheic microbial community to perform nitrification.
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: Mid-water SeaFET pH and CO2 system chemistry with surface and bottom Dissolved Oxygen at Arroyo Quemado Reef(ARQ), 2012-2017
Calibrated pH (Total scale, SeaFET sensor) an disoolved oxygen (miniDOT)data were collected from Arroyo Quemado Reef in the Santa Barbara Channel (site ID: ARQ). pH data are accompanied by in situ temperature and associated carbonate chemistry parameters. The SeaFET instrument is located about 4 meters from the surface, with other moored instruments. Associated carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated with the CO2calc programs from USGS, and include: partial pressure and fugosity of CO2, concentrations of bicarbonate, carbonate and hyrdroxide ion, Omega (saturation state) of calcite and aragonite. Dissolved oxygen sensors (miniDOT, PME) were added in 2014, and are mounted near the ocean surface and near the seafloor, and also report temperature. All data have been interpolated to a 20 minute time interval for compatibility with other SBC LTER moored instrument data. Data coverage is 2012-07-30 to 2017-03-10.All data from this site have been concatenated with the pH data from the other sites and merged into one data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sbc&identifier=6005
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: Mid-water SeaFET pH and CO2 system chemistry with surface and bottom Dissolved Oxygen at Mohawk Reef(MKO), 2012 - 2017
Calibrated pH (Total scale, SeaFET sensor) an disoolved oxygen (miniDOT)data were collected from Mohawk Reef in the Santa Barbara Channel (site ID: MKO). pH data are accompanied by in situ temperature and associated carbonate chemistry parameters. The SeaFET instrument is located about 4 meters from the surface, with other moored instruments. Associated carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated with the CO2calc programs from USGS, and include: partial pressure and fugosity of CO2, concentrations of bicarbonate, carbonate and hyrdroxide ion, Omega (saturation state) of calcite and aragonite. Dissolved oxygen sensors (miniDOT, PME) were added in 2014, and are mounted near the ocean surface and near the seafloor, and also report temperature. All data have been interpolated to a 20 minute time interval for compatibility with other SBC LTER moored instrument data. Data coverage is 2012-01-11 to 2017-12-19.The update of this dataset was terminated in 2019. All data from this site have been concatenated with the pH data from the other sites and merged into one data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sbc&identifier=6005
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: Mid-water SeaFET pH and CO2 system chemistry with surface and bottom Dissolved Oxygen at Santa Barbara Harbor/Stearns Wharf(SBH), 2012-2017
Calibrated pH (Total scale, SeaFET sensor) an disoolved oxygen (miniDOT)data were collected from Santa Barbara Harbor/Stearns Wharf in the Santa Barbara Channel (site ID: SBH). pH data are accompanied by in situ temperature and associated carbonate chemistry parameters. The SeaFET instrument is located about 4 meters from the surface, with other moored instruments. Associated carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated with the CO2calc programs from USGS, and include: partial pressure and fugosity of CO2, concentrations of bicarbonate, carbonate and hyrdroxide ion, Omega (saturation state) of calcite and aragonite. Dissolved oxygen sensors (miniDOT, PME) were added in 2014, and are mounted near the ocean surface and near the seafloor, and also report temperature. All data have been interpolated to a 20 minute time interval for compatibility with other SBC LTER moored instrument data. Data coverage is 2012-09-15 to 2016-09-14. The update of this dataset was terminated in 2019. All data from this site have been concatenated with the pH data from the other sites and merged into one data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sbc&identifier=6005
Chemistry of the Surface of Mars
<p>Concentration of 11 major elements at the surface of Mars (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, FeO,MnO,MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5 and Cr23O3) following the approach presented in the following article :</p> <p>Baratoux, D., H. Samuel, C. Michaut, M. J. Toplis, M. Monnereau,<br /> M. Wieczorek, R. Garcia, and<br /> K. Kurita (2014), Petrological constraints on the density of the Martian crust, <em>J. Geophys. Res. Planets, 119, </em>1707-1727, doi:10.1002/2014JE004642. </p>
The promotional role of Mn in CO2 hydrogenation over Rh-based catalysts from a surface organometallic chemistry approach
<p>Rh-based catalysts modified by transition metals have been intensively studied for CO2 hydrogenation due<br> to their high activity. However, understanding the role of promoters at the molecular level remains<br> challenging due to the ill-defined structure of heterogeneous catalysts. Here, we constructed welldefined RhMn@SiO2 and Rh@SiO2 model catalysts via surface organometallic chemistry combined with thermolytic molecular precursor (SOMC/TMP) approach to rationalize the promotional effect of Mn in CO2 hydrogenation. We show that the addition of Mn shifts the products from almost pure CH4 to a mixture of methane and oxygenates (CO, CH3OH, and CH3CH2OH) upon going from Rh@SiO2 to RhMn@SiO2. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) confirms that the MnII is atomically dispersed in the vicinity of metallic Rh nanoparticles and enables to induce the oxidation of Rh to form the Mn–O–Rh interface under reaction conditions. The formed interface is proposed to be key to maintaining Rh+ sites, which is related to suppressing the methanation reaction and stabilizing the formate species as evidenced by in situ DRIFTS to promote the formation of CO and alcohols<br> </p>
Surface and hyporheic water chemistry of the Tanana River
The geochemistry of hyporheic water at two islands on the Tanana River. The chemistry of wells was sampled twice a month and analyzed for major solutes and dissolved gases. Samples were analyzed for Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH4, Cl, NO3, SO4, DOC, TDN, CH4, CO2, N2O, pH and conductivity.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.