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148 results for “temporal effects”
Temporally enhanced RSEI and Nighttime Lights Reveal Long-Term Ecological Changes and Effective Protection in China's Inaugural National Parks
<p>China's inaugural national parks play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem services. These protected areas are characterized by diverse landscapes and sensitive ecological environments. Over recent decades, the interplay between intensified human activities and global climate change has posed significant challenges to the ecological quality of these regions. Accurate and scientific assessment of ecological quality is essential for informed management and policy-making.</p> <p>This dataset is based on multiple MODIS datasets, incorporating NDVI, LST, WET, and NDBSI as indicators. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we produced the Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) for these parks from 2000 to 2022 at a 500m spatial resolution.</p> <p>The RSEI was calculated using four component indices: greenness, heat, dryness, and wetness. Data for dryness and wetness were derived from the 8-day composite 500m resolution surface reflectance product MOD09A1. Heat was calculated using the 8-day composite 1km resolution land surface temperature product MOD11A2, which was resampled to 500m resolution. Greenness was derived from the 16-day composite 500m resolution vegetation index product MOD13A1.</p> <p>The improved RSEI calculation method enhances the temporal stability and comparability of the data, making it more suitable for long-term ecological monitoring.</p> <p>The improved RSEI effectively integrates dynamic changes of multiple variables and offers better temporal comparability for long-term ecological monitoring. Our results indicate that the ecological environment quality within the inaugural national parks significantly improved over the study period, with more noticeable improvements following the implementation of pilot conservation programs.</p> <p>This dataset provides foundational information for understanding the long-term ecological trends in China's national parks. It serves as a crucial resource for researchers, policymakers, and conservationists dedicated to the sustainable management and development of these vital ecological regions.</p> <p>The dataset contains five RAR compressed files, each corresponding to one of the national parks. These files include the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) data from 2000 to 2022 for each respective park:</p> <ul> <li><strong>NTLNP-RSEI.rar</strong>: Contains the RSEI data for the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park (NTLNP) from 2000 to 2022.</li> <li><strong>HTRNP-RSEI.rar</strong>: Contains the RSEI data for the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park (HTRNP) from 2000 to 2022.</li> <li><strong>WNP-RSEI.rar</strong>: Contains the RSEI data for the Wuyishan National Park (WNP) from 2000 to 2022.</li> <li><strong>SNP-RSEI.rar</strong>: Contains the RSEI data for the Sanjiangyuan National Park (SNP) from 2000 to 2022.</li> <li><strong>GPNP-RSEI.rar</strong>: Contains the RSEI data for the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) from 2000 to 2022.</li> </ul> <p>Each of these compressed files includes the improved RSEI calculations for the respective national park, providing a comprehensive view of the ecological quality changes over the 22-year period.</p> <p>The details of the data are as follows:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Data Format</strong>: GeoTiff</li> <li><strong>Pixel Values</strong>: Represent RSEI, ranging from 0 to 1, with no units.</li> <li><strong>Compatibility</strong>: The data can be directly opened and processed using remote sensing and GIS software such as ENVI and ArcGIS.</li> <li><strong>Data Quality</strong>: Due to the application of water and snow masks to remove the influence of water bodies and snow/ice on the WET component, there are some missing data areas.</li> </ul> <p>These datasets offer valuable insights into the ecological quality changes within each national park over the specified period, making them essential for researchers, policymakers, and conservationists involved in the sustainable management and development of these protected areas.</p> <p>For using the data and code provided in this dataset, please cite the following paper:</p> <p>Wen, C., Long, T., He, G., Jiao, W., & Jiang, W. (2025). Temporally enhanced RSEI and nighttime lights reveal long-term ecological changes and effective protection in China’s inaugural national parks. <em>Ecological Indicators, 170</em>, 112981. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112981" target="_new" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112981</a></p> <p>The calculation of the RSEI is completed using Google Earth Engine. The link to the calculation code is:</p> <p><a href="https://code.earthengine.google.com/fab5452cd224d1f06226aece4c1a1016">https://code.earthengine.google.com/089d74f423e91a0da9490f5098c55021</a></p>
A role for the medial temporal lobe subsystem in guiding prosociality: the effect of episodic processes on willingness to help others
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A role for the medial temporal lobe subsystem in guiding prosociality: the effect of episodic processes on willingness to help others (Experiment 2)
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Figure 10 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 10: PCA biplot of environmental parameters and abundance of microarthropods with month as grouping factor. sav ctrl: savanna; mb: maize bare; mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK fertilizer; mmdom: maize with dead organic matter.
Figure 9 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 9. PCA biplot of environmental parameters and abundance of microarthropods with treatment as grouping factor. sav ctrl: savanna, mb: maize bare, mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK fertilizer, mmdom: maize with dead organic matter.
Figure 8 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 8. Oribatida and Gamasina abundance (tsd. ind./m2) in plots (mb: maize bare, mmdom: maize with DOM). Abundances being significantly different from each other are marked by different letters for each microarthropod group (Wilcoxon signed rank test [p ˂ 0.05]). Error bars = standard error.
Figure 7 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 7. Collembola, Oribatida and Gamasina abundance (tsd. ind./m2) in plots (mb: maize bare, mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK). Abundances being significantly different from each other are marked by different letters (Wilcoxon signed rank test [p ˂ 0.05]). Error bars = standard error.
Figure 6 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 6. Effect of Maize cultivation on Collembola, Oribatida and Gamasina in control plots (sav ctrl: savanna, mb: maize bare). Abundances being significantly different from each other are marked by different letters for each microarthropod group (Wilcoxon signedrank test [p ˂ 0.05]). Error bars = standard error.
Figure 5 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 5. Temporal variation of Collembola, Oribatida and Gamasina abundance (tsd. ind./m2) in savanna and experimental field in (A) 2017 and (B) 2018. Abundance being significantly different from each other in time per treatment are marked by different letters for each microarthropod group (Wilcoxon signed-rank test [p ˂ 0.05]). Months not sampled are marked by asterisks. Error bars = standard error. sav ctrl: savanna, mb: maize bare, mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK fertilizer, mmdom: maize with dry organic matter (DOM).
Figure 2 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 2. Completely randomized block design of the experimental field; experimental field before sowing (A: 08/05/17) and with maize crop (B: 28/06/17); sav ctrl: savanna untreated (outside). mb(1): maize bare = maize plot without mulch or NPK fertilizer; mbnpk(2): maize bare with NPK = Maize plot treated with NPK fertilizer only and mmdom(3): maize mulch = maize plot treated with mulch only.
Figure 1 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 1. Weather data for the Ngaoundéré area, Jan. to Dec. 2017 and 2018, provided by Ngaoundéré airport meteorological station; t: temperature, p: precipitation, h: relative humidity; h: averages per month; p: sum per month.
Figure 3 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 3. Abundances (mean ± S.E.) of Acari and Collembola for the rainy seasons of 2017 (n = 4) and 2018 (n = 4) as well as for the dry season of 2017/18 (n = 2). n sampling campaigns with 9 samples per plot [sav ctrl: savanna; mb: maize bare; mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK fertilizer; mmdom: maize with dead organic matter (DOM)].
Figure 4 in Effect of three different land use types on the temporal dynamics of microarthropod abundance in the high Guinean savanna of Ngaoundéré (Adamawa, Cameroon)
Figure 4. Abundances (mean ± S.E.) of Oribatida and Gamasina for the rainy seasons of 2017 (n = 4) and 2018 (n = 4) as well as for the dry season of 2017/18 (n = 2). n sampling campaigns with 9 samples per plot [sav ctrl: savanna; mb: maize bare; mbnpk: maize with chemical NPK fertilizer; mmdom: maize with dead organic matter (DOM)].
Raw data for: Spatial and temporal variation in farmland bird nesting ecology: Implications for effective Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra conservation
<p>These are raw data accompanying the study "<span>Spatial and temporal variation in farmland bird nesting ecology: Implications for effective Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra conservation</span>". All information on data origin, data analysis, and derived implications will be available with the original publiation.</p>
example stimuli of "Behavioral effects of rhythm, carrier frequency and temporal cueing on the perception of sound sequences"
<p>Exemplary subset of stimuli accompanying the manuscript "Behavioral effects of rhythm, carrier frequency and temporal cueing on the perception of sound sequences"</p>
Temporal dynamics of biodiversity effects and light-use related traits in two intercropping systems
<p>Dataset for "Temporal dynamics of biodiversity effects and light-use related traits in two intercropping systems"</p>
Effects of temporal abiotic drivers on the dynamics of an allometric trophic network model
<p>Current ecological research and ecosystem management call for improved understanding of the abiotic drivers of community dynamics, including temperature effects on species interactions and biomass accumulation. Allometric trophic network (ATN) models, which simulate material (carbon) transfer in trophic networks from producers to consumers based on mass-specific metabolic rates, provide an attractive framework to study consumer-resource interactions from organisms to ecosystems. However, the developed ATN models rarely consider temporal changes in some key abiotic drivers that affect e.g. consumer metabolism and producer growth. Here, we evaluate how temporal changes in carrying capacity and light-dependent growth rate of producers and in temperature-dependent mass-specific metabolic rate of consumers affect ATN model dynamics, namely seasonal biomass accumulation, productivity and standing stock biomass of different trophic guilds, including age-structured fish communities. Our simulations of the pelagic Lake Constance (LC) food web indicated marked effects of temporally changing abiotic parameters on seasonal biomass accumulation of different guild groups, particularly among the lowest trophic levels (primary producers and invertebrates). While the adjustment of average irradiance had a minor effect, increasing metabolic rate associated with 1–2˚C temperature increase led to a marked decline of larval (0-year age) fish biomass, but to a substantial biomass increase of 2- and 3-year-old fish that were not predated by ≥4-year-old top predator fish, European perch. However, when averaged across the 100 simulation years, the inclusion of seasonality in abiotic drivers caused only minor changes in standing stock biomasses and productivity of different trophic guilds. Our results demonstrate the potential of introducing seasonality in and adjusting the average values of abiotic ATN model parameters to simulate temporal fluctuations in food-web dynamics, which is an important step in ATN model development aiming to e.g. assess potential future community-level responses to ongoing environmental changes.</p>
Data: Effects of anterior temporal lobe resection on cortical morphology
<p>Data used for analysis for the paper <a href="http://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.06529">Effects of anterior temporal lobe resection on cortical morphology</a>.</p> <p>Code used for the analysis can be found on github: <a href="https://github.com/cnnp-lab/2023Leiberg_ATLRmorphology">https://github.com/cnnp-lab/2023Leiberg_ATLRmorphology</a>.</p> <p>The folder "not_corrected" contains morphological data for each subject (pre and post surgery for individuals with TLE) and vertex before application of the gam correction, and corresponding meta data. File names indicate metrics (T=average cortical thickness, At=pial surface area, Ae=exposed surface area), hemispheres (lh=left hemisphere, rh=right hemisphere), and onset sides (RTLE=subjects with right onset TLE, LTLE=subjects with left onset TLE). Controls are included in each file, processed without the temporal lobe for rh_RTLE and lh_LTLE.</p> <p>The folder "age_sex_corrected" contains the data for subjects with TLE with age, sex, and scanning protocol effects removed. Both onset sides have been combined (RTLE hemispheres are switched), and the files contain data for both hemispheres pre- and postoperatively.</p>
Temporal Talbot effect of optical dark pulse trains
<p>The data and code used to produce the results in the paper "<em>Temporal Talbot effect of optical dark pulse trains</em>".</p>
Data from: Is temporal synchrony necessary for effective Batesian mimicry?
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OpenNeuro
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