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108 results for “vegetation pattern”
Vegetation Patterns of a New England Sand Plain in Montague MA 1993-1995
For details on methods and results, please see the published paper (Motzkin, G., D. Foster, A. Allen, J. Harrod and R. D. Boone. 1996. Controlling site to evaluate history: vegetation patterns of a New England sand plain. Ecological Monographs 66: 345-365). The Abstract from the paper is reproduced below. "The widespread and long-lasting impact of human activity on natural eco-systems indicates that land-use history must be treated as an integral aspect of ecological study and a critical component of conservation planning. The New England landscape has undergone a complete transformation as forests were converted to agriculture in the 18th and 19th centuries followed by succession to woodland as a result of widespread agricultural abandonment. Despite the prevalence of human impacts, the effect and longevity of land-use practices on modern forest conditions are poorly understood. In the present study of pitch pine - scrub oak vegetation on a sand plain in the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts, we address the following questions: (1) what is the relative importance of human and natural disturbance and environmental factors in controlling vegetation composition, structure, and landscape patterns; (2) what are the mechanisms underlying human impacts on vegetation, and what is the duration of these impacts; and (3) what are the implications of land-use history for the interpretation and conservation of these communities? Sand plain vegetation was selected for investigation because the homogeneity of site conditions facilitates the interpretation of land-use and natural disturbance impacts, and because the uncommon vegetation and constituent species are priorities for conservation efforts. "Paleoecological data suggest that pre-European fires were common on the study area, perhaps ignited by a large regional Indian population. The area was noted historically as an extensive pine plain and was used for wood products from the 18th to the mid-19th century. Eighty-two perc
Herb Survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Vegetation Patterns in Northeastern North America 1500-2000
Over the last few centuries, human activities have changed the landscape of northeastern North America from mostly forested to a patchwork of forest, farmland and logged areas, back in many areas to mostly forested. Meanwhile, there have been many rapid changes in the composition of the remaining forests, for example, the amounts of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and beech (Fagus grandifolia) have decreased while the amount of birch (Betula spp.) has increased. How stable have been the basic vegetational patterns under the onslaught of these landscape and compositional changes? In preliminary analyses, the assemblages of major tree taxa have been zoned for every other century, using optimal splitting by information content and other techniques, to study changes in vegetation groupings over the last 500 years. Several patterns seem to be emerging on a centennial scale: First, vegetation patterns were changing in the centuries before European colonization of the area. Second, the number of zones (vegetation types, based on pollen), was greater in 1700 and 1900 than in 1500 or now. Third, the zone boundaries have moved north from 1500 to the present. Further analyses, including several more data sets will be used to refine these conclusions and to suggest explanations for the changes.
SGS-LTER Long-Term Monitoring Project: Vegetation Cover on Small Mammal Trapping Webs on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA 1999 -2006, ARS Study Number 118 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sgs/140/17. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83458. The abundance and diversity of small mammals in shortgrass steppe is strongly influenced by the structure and composition of vegetation. Vegetation structure provides cover from predators and harsh abiotic conditions. Plant species composition affects the types of seeds and herbaceous material available to granivores and herbivores, and influences arthropod populations, which are important prey for the omnivorous species that dominate in shortgrass steppe. Both vegetation structure and plant community composition are sensitive to the availability of precipitation as well as the activity of large mammalian herbivores. In 1999, we began measuring vegetation structure and plant community composition on the three grassland and three shrubland trapping webs where we live-trap small mammals
[DEPRECATED] Vegetation Plots of the Bonanza Creek LTER Control Plots: Species Count (1975 - 2004) (Reformatted to ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This ecocomDP data package has been deprecated due to issues in the L0 source dataset that prohibits the creation of an L1 ecocomDP dataset. This data package is formatted according to the "ecocomDP", a data package design pattern for ecological community surveys, and data from studies of composition and biodiversity. For more information on the ecocomDP project see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP/tree/master, or contact EDI https://environmentaldatainitiative.org. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-bnz&identifier=175&revision=20 The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data are the vegetation datasets for 27 LTER sites in Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest. The 27 sites are divided into three replicates for six primary successional stages on the floodplains (3 replicates X 6 successional stages = 18 sites) and three replicates for three secondary successional stages in the uplands (3 replicates X 3 successional stages = 9 sites). Data include: 1) Visual estimates of percent cover, 2) Stem counts (the number of individuals/species), and 3) Heights (cm) for "tall shrub species" in twenty 4 m2 plots. Shrubs are considered "Tall shrubs" if they are Salix sp., Alnus sp., Rosa acicularis, Viburnum edule, Betula nana, Betula glandulosa, or Rubus idaeus. Initial colonziations plots (FP0s, SL1s, HR1A) were remeasured every year. Early successional plots were remeasured every 2-4 years. Later succesional plots were remeasured approximately every five years. For a detail schedule of plot measurements please see the file: Vegetation Monitoring Schedule.xls Although most sites were established in 1988 some sites have vegetation plots that have been sampled periodically since 1965. In 2006 shrub data collection was changed to a transect method of sampling. These data can be found in the file: <a href="http://www.lte
Litter biomass: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Tree survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Periodic vegetation pattern classification in Sudan
<p>This archive contains features computed from satellites images in Kordofan State in Sudan. SPOT (Systeme Probatoire d’Observation de la Terre) images with a 10-m ground resolution and preprocessing level 2A were divided into non-overlapping square windows of 410 by 410 m. We calculated for each of these windows:</p> <ul> <li>skewness of the grayscale distribution of each window</li> <li>index of vegetation pattern anisotropy</li> <li>azimuthal angle in the first PCA plane, which directly correlates with the dominant frequency in the windows</li> <li>distance from PCA origin, which expresses the degree of scale dominance</li> <li>mean annual rainfall computed from gridded monthly estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM, NASA/JAXA) 3B43 V6 product acquired from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2007 and resampled to 410 by 410 m.</li> <li>slope computed from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model with three arc seconds<br> horizontal (ca 92 m in this area) spatial resolution.</li> </ul> <p>The resulting pattern classification:</p> <ul> <li>1, spots</li> <li>2, labyrinthine</li> <li>3, gaps</li> <li>4, bands</li> <li>5, non-periodic</li> <li>Nodata, area not covered by SPOT images</li> </ul> <p>Data is provided as rasters in Arc/Info ASCII grid format (also known as Esri grid). The projection and datum for all datasets are UTM zone 35 N, WGS 1984.</p> <p>Details on the methods are availble in the following publication: Deblauwe, V., Couteron, P., Lejeune, O., Bogaert, J. & Barbier, N. (2011) Environmental modulation of self-organized periodic vegetation patterns in Sudan. Ecography, 34, 990-1001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06694.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06694.x</a></p>
Supplemental data and code for "Global patterns in water flux partitioning: Irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff"
<p>This dataset provides all data compiled and generated for the manuscript entitled "Global patterns in water flux partitioning: Irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff" (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.08.002). This includes the boundaries for 3614 hydrological catchments, the curated data used for analysis and modelling, the developed machine learning model, shapley values and area of applicability results, and data for global extrapolation</p> <p>It also contains a markdown file ('code.html') which shows how to access and use the data, and generic sample codes used to generate these results.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Role of vegetation and coarse wood debris on soil processes and mycorrhizal mat distribution patterns at the Hi-15, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1994-1995
The main objective of this study was to determine if there were relationships between forest floor attributes such as the location of: (1) individual trees, (2) clusters of undergrowth vegetation, (3) coarse woody debris, (4) rocks and (5) topography and both soil characteristics and distribution patterns of ectomycorrhizal fungal mats. This data set includes mat, rock, wood, and moss distribution patterns (as presence or absence at each sampling node) as well as basic soil date taken at the same locations. The forest floor attributes were digitized using Esri ArcGIS. These GIS data layers are available as separate files in FSDB Database code SP029.
Assessing Nitrogen Availability in Biobased Fertilizers: Effect of Vegetation on Mineralization Patterns
<p>Biobased nitrogen (N) fertilizers derived from animal manure can substitute synthetic mineral N fertilizer and contribute to more sustainable agriculture. Practitioners need to obtain a reliable estimation of the biobased fertilizers’ N value. This study compared the estimates for pig slurry (PS) and liquid fraction of digestate (LFD) using laboratory incubation and plant-growing experiments. A no-N treatment was used as control and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as synthetic mineral fertilizer. After 100 days of incubation, the addition of PS and LFD resulted in a net N mineralization rate of 10.6 ± 0.3% and 20.6 ± 0.4% of the total applied N, respectively. The addition of CAN showed no significant net mineralization or immobilization (net N release 96 ± 6%). In the pot experiment under vegetation, all fertilized treatments caused N immobilization with a negative net N mineralization rate of −51 ± 11%, −9 ± 4%, and −27 ± 10% of the total applied N in CAN, PS, and LFD treatments, respectively. Compared to the pot experiment, the laboratory incubation without vegetation may have overestimated the N value of biobased fertilizers. Vegetation resulted in a lower estimation of available N from fertilizers, probably due to intensified competition with soil microbes or increased N loss via denitrification.</p>
FIGURE 11 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 11. Body mass of caballine Equidae (Equus ferus and E. mosbachensis) in Middle and Late Pleistocene localities from Britain and Germany. For explanation of graph, see Figure 6.
FIGURE 10 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 10. Body mass of bovine Bovidae (Bison priscus and Bos primigenius) from Middle and Late Pleistocene localities of Britain and Germany. For explanation of graph, see Figure 6.
FIGURE 8 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 8. Body mass of Rhinocerotidae from Pleistocene localities of Britain and Germany. For explanation of graph, see Figure 6.
FIGURE 9 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 9. Linear regressions of body mass (kg) of Bovidae and Equus ferus/mosbachensis from localities with pollen records, and minimum, maximum and mean NAP % in the pollen records of the localities. Each point represents an individual specimen. Numbers of specimens per each locality are given in brackets after the locality names.
FIGURE 7 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 7. Body mass of Megacerini, Rangifer tarandus and Alcini in Middle and Pleistocene localities from Britain and Germany. For explanation of graph, see Figure 6.
FIGURE 3 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 3. Linear regressions of mean mesowear values of deer (Cervidae) from localities with pollen records, and minimum, maximum and mean NAP % in the pollen records of the localities. Numbers of specimens per locality are given in brackets after the locality names. For Megacerini, the samples from Grays Thurrock and Ireland are Megaloceros giganteus; those from Boxgrove, West Runton and Voigstedt combine Praemegaceros verticornis, P. dawkinsi and Megaloceros savini. For Dama the specimens from Boxgrove are D. cf. roberti; others are D. dama.
FIGURE 6 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 6. Body mass of Cervus elaphus, Dama spp. and Capreolus capreolus in Middle and Late Pleistocene localities from Britain and Germany. The localities are arranged from oldest (right) to youngest (left) estimated age. The middle line in the diamonds marks the mean body mass and the upper and lower lines mark the 95% confidence limits of the mean. Diamonds that do not overlap at the 95% lines indicate statistically significant difference between populations. The central line in the figures indicates the combined mean body mass of all the populations. The individual body mass estimates of each specimen are shown as data points. Sample sizes are given in brackets for each locality.
FIGURE 5 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 5. Linear regressions of body mass (kg) of deer (Cervidae) from localities with pollen records, and minimum, maximum and mean NAP % in the pollen records of the localities. Each point represents an individual specimen. Numbers of specimens per locality are given in brackets after the locality names.
FIGURE 2 in Patterns of diet and body mass of large ungulates from the Pleistocene of Western Europe, and their relation to vegetation
FIGURE 2. Linear regressions of mean mesowear values of the ungulates in the local palaeocommunities and NAP % in the pollen records of the localities with (1.1.) minimum NAP %, (1.2.) maximum NAP % and (1.3.) mean NAP %.
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