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Figure 8 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 8. Terminalia of A. anodontos: A aedeagus, ventral and lateral view B sternum VIII, female C spermatheca.

Figure 5 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 5. Terminalia of A. lateralis, male: A sternum VIII B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D aeadeagus, ventral and lateral view.

Figure 20 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 20. Inferred taxon-area cladogram for Apomotoderes, with Artipus floridanus representing the outgroup area.

Figure 4 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 4. Metendosternite and hind wing of A. lateralis: A metendosternite, posterior view B right hind wing.

Figure 3 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 3. Mouthparts of A. lateralis: A right maxilla, ventral view B labial prementum, ventral view.

Figure 2 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 2. Habitus of female type specimen of A. lateralis, located in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden: A lateral view B head, thorax and prolegs, dorsal view C specimen label. Photographs taken by Johannes Bergsten.

Figure 9 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 9. Habitus of A. menocrater: A female, dorsal view B female, lateral view C male, head and pronotum, dorsal view, showing subfoveate punctures D female, declivity with patch of suberect setae, lateral view.

Figure 7 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 7. Habitus of A. anodontos, male: A dorsal view B lateral view C frontal view, showing unarmed profemora.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/fa6a35b7-6490-44ea-afce-311599b47c7f">https://bionomia.net/dataset/fa6a35b7-6490-44ea-afce-311599b47c7f</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/fa6a35b7-6490-44ea-afce-311599b47c7f">https://gbif.org/dataset/fa6a35b7-6490-44ea-afce-311599b47c7f</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Fig. 7 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 7. Maximum likelihood tree of Anchonini and Lymantini relationships reconstructed by RAxML from the three-fragment concatenated matrix. Clades outside of the Anchonini plus Lymantini clade are collapsed. Large and small circles denote strongly and moderately supported clades, respectively. Arrows indicate 26 specimens shown in Figs 1, 2, 8–33. Superimposed globes indicate the current distribution.

Fig. 6 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 6. Maximum likelihood tree of true weevil relationships reconstructed by RAxML from the three-fragment concatenated matrix. Three subclades forming the clade of Anchonini plus Lymantini are collapsed. Large and small circles denote strongly and moderately supported clades, respectively.

Fig. 5 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 5. Morphological diversity of the weevil tribe Lymantini, antennae. Specimen numbers refer to Table 2 and Fig. 7.

Fig. 2 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 2. Morphological diversity of the weevil tribe Lymantini, lateral view. Specimen numbers refer to Table 2 and Fig. 7.

Fig. 4 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 4. Morphological diagnostic features and possible apomorphies of Anchonini (A, B) and Lymantini (C–F). A, C, D: head, left lateral view; B: left antenna; E, F: female genitalia and apical sclerites (E: ventral, F: right dorso-lateral). A: Titilayo geiseri Cristóvão & Lyal, 2018; B: T. barclayi Cristóvão & Lyal, 2018; C: Lymantes scrobicollis Gyllenhal, 1838; D–F: Devernodes chthonia Grebennikov, 2018. A, B: from GREBENNIKOV & ANDERSON (2021a); E, F: from GREBENNIKOV (2018).

Fig. 1 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 1. Morphological diversity of the weevil tribe Lymantini, dorsal view. Specimen numbers refer to Table 2 and Fig. 7.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Phylogenomics illuminates the phylogeny of flower weevils (Curculioninae) and reveals ten independent origins of brood-site pollination mutualism in true weevils

Phylogenomics illuminates the phylogeny of flower weevils (Curculioninae) and reveals ten independent origins of brood-site pollination mutualism in true weevils (142 /150 characters) Haran J.1*, Li X.2,3,4*, Allio R.5*, Shin S.3,4,6, Benoit L.1, Oberprieler R.G.7, Farrell B.D.8, Brown S.D.J.9, Leschen R.A.B.10, Kergoat G.J.5 & McKenna D.D.3,4 * Equal contribution   Affiliations 1 CBGP, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France. ORCID: 0000-0001-9458-3785 (JH); 0000-0003-3740-5346 (LB) 2 Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. ORCID: 0000-0002-0622-2064 (XL) 3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 ORCID: 0000-0002-7823-8727 (DDM) 4 Center for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 5 CBGP, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France. ORCID: 000-0003-3885-5410 (RA); 0000-0002-8284-6215 (GJK) 6 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. ORCID: 0000-0002-4258-8661 (SS) 7 CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. ORCID: 0000-0002-1837-580X (RGO) 8 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. ORCID: 0000-0002-6843-0539 (BDF) 9 Bio-Protection Research Centre, P.O. Box 85084, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. Current address: The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Mount Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. ORCID: 0000-0001-7112-421X (SDJB) 10 Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, PB 92170, Auckland, New Zealand. ORCID: 0000-0001-8549-8933 (RABL)   Abstract Weevils are an unusually species-rich group of phytophagous insects, for which there is increasing evidence of frequent involvement in brood-site pollination. This study examines phylogenetic patterns in the emergence of brood-site pollination mutualism among one of the most speciose beetle groups, the flower weevils (subfamily Curculioninae). We analyzed a novel phylogenomic dataset consisting of 214 nuclear loci for 202 weevil species, with a sampling that mainly includes flower weevils as well as representatives of all major lineages of true weevils (Curculionidae). Our phylogenomic analyses establish a uniquely comprehensive phylogenetic framework for Curculioninae and provide new insights into the relationships among lineages of true weevils. Based on this phylogeny, statistical reconstruction of ancestral character states revealed at least ten independent origins of brood-site pollination in higher weevils through transitions from ancestral associations with reproductive structures in the larval stage. Broadly, our results illuminate the unexpected frequency with which true weevils — typically specialized phytophages and hence antagonists of plants — have evolved mutualistic interactions of ecological significance that are key to both weevil and plant evolutionary fitness and thus a component of their deeply intertwined macroevolutionary success.   Figures  Figure 1 (part I). Maximum-likelihood tree resulting from analyses of 214 nuclear protein-coding genes (focus on the CEGH clade and outgroups). Support at node refers to SH-aLRT values ≥ 80% and uBV ≥ 95% (**). Single * refer to SH-aLRT values ≥ 80% only. Clades with black branches and highlighted in blue are classified in Curculioninae sensu Caldara et al. (2014). Taxa displayed on the left: 1 - Hypsomus sp. (Styphlini); 2 - Myllorhinus sp. (Storeini s. lat.); 3 - Encosmia sp. (Storeini s. lat.). Figure 1 (part II). Maximum-likelihood tree resulting from analyses of 214 nuclear protein-coding genes (focus on the CCCMS clade). Node support values refer to SH-aLRT values ≥ 80% and uBV ≥ 95% (**). Single * refer to SH-aLRT values ≥ 80% only. Clades with black branches and highlighted in blue are classified in Curculioninae sensu Caldara et al., (2014). Clades highlighted in darker blue contain genera engaged in brood-site pollination mutualism and the corresponding genera are highlighted in orange (higher taxonomic rank when specific genera are not included in the tree). Other lineages of the CCCMS clade are in bold font. Taxa displayed on the right: 1 - Tychius sp. (Tychiini); 2 - Anthonomus sp. (Athonomini); 3 - Tachyerges sp. (Rhamphini); 4 - Derelomus sp. (Derelomini); 5 - Cionus sp. (Cionini); 6 - Daeneus sp. (Ochyromerini); 7 - Meriphus sp. (Eugnomini); 8 - Archarius sp. (Curculionini); 9 - Dorytomus sp. (Ellescini); 10 - Cleopomiarus sp. (Mecinini). Figure 2. Results of the ASE analysis of larval tissue specialization carried out on the CCCMS clade, with an ER model and using a continuous-time reversible Markov model with 1000 simulations. In addition, red arrows are used to underline the independent origins of brood-site mutualism inferred in another ASE analysis (see Fig. S4). Two clades including brood-site pollinator genera that were not sampled in our study are also highlighted using red rectangles.   Additional files Figure S1. Full ML tree with support values. Figure S2. Support for ML analyses. Figure S3. Results of the ASE analysis of the evolution of the tissue specialization by weevil larvae in the CCCMS clade, with an ER model and using a continuous time-reversible Markov model with 1000 simulations.  Figure S4. Results of the ASE analysis on the evolution of brood-site pollination in the CCCMS clade, with an ER model and using a continuous time-reversible Markov model with 1000 simulations.   Zenodo supplementary files AHE_pipeline.txt shows the detailed step-by-step script used to generate the phylogeny obtained in this study from raw sequencing data. ASE Analyses.zip contains the script and the associated raw results of the ASE analyses. Cole_tcas_probes.fasta contains the Coleopteran probes used. IBA results.zip contains IBA results. IQ-TREE files.zip contains input and output files of the IQ-TREE analysis. Scripts.zip contains the scripts associated with the file AHE_pipeline.txt.

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Figure 6 in Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Figure 6. Terminalia of A. lateralis, female: A sternum VIII B coxites and styli C spermatheca.

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Fig. 33. Sequenced Lymantini specimen 10842 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 33. Sequenced Lymantini specimen 10842: Pseudoalaocybites sp.

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Fig. 32. Sequenced Lymantini specimen 10836 in Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of flightless amphi-Pacific lymantine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

Fig. 32. Sequenced Lymantini specimen 10836: Lymantina.