FIG. 11 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy

FIG. 11. — Evolution of MAT in Europe in terrestrial, marine shallow-water and deep-sea records. Abbreviations: MEN, Menat; GEL, Gelinden; SEZ, Sézanne; CEL, Célas; ARM, Armissan; AIX, Aix-en-Provence; SB, Saint-Bauzile. Symbols: black circle, this study, CLAMP on leaves; light blue solid line, Bechtel et al. (2008), δ13C on coal; pink solid line, Héran et al. (2010), δ18O on rodents; orange solid line, Hren et al. (2013), δ47 freshwater gastropods; grey background, Mosbrugger et al. (2005), CA on leaves; blue square, Moiseeva et al. (2018), CLAMP on leaves; yellow circle, Domingo et al. (2007), multi-proxy; green stars, Inglis et al. (2017), lignites; black solid line, Huygue et al. (2017), marine mollusks δ18O. Deep-sea record is adapted from Zachos et al. (2008). Numerical values are from Table 3. For Gelinden, Sézanne and Armissan, the results from CLAMP analysis using Asia1 calibration are displayed. For all other localities, the results from CLAMP analysis using BR calibration are displayed.