Figure 11.9 in Rex, sit: digital modeling of Tyrannosaurus rex at rest

Figure 11.9. (A) Reconstruction of the pectoral girdles and forelimbs based on CT data (except for the radiale and distal carpal, which were reconstructed within Dino- Morph). Three superim- posed poses are assume a symmetrically by left ana right forelimbs. With elbows and manus extended, the forelimbs can act as a jack stand to stabilize the body during ascent, but the line of action of the ground reaction force would have placed the furcula under significant bending stress, consistent with commonly observed healed fractures. Forelimb range of motion estimated in collaboration with Kenneth Carpenter.