Soil physical-hydric attributes under no-tillage crop in the savannah of the Southwest region of the Piaui State, Brazil

<p>The soils of the savannah region, Piaui State, Brazil, are favorable to agriculture; however, intensive use combined with inadequate management has caused soil degradation in the region. For this reason, studies focused on the use of alternative production systems as a no-till system (SPD), have become essential. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the changes in the physical-hydric attributes and organic matter in Oxisols under different times of no-tillage crop under straw in savannah areas of the Southwest region of the Piaui State, Brazil. Field data collection was carried out on commercial farms in the municipalities of Baixa Grande do Ribeiro (07° 48'10" S, 45° 00'60" W and altitude of 600 m), Uruçuí (08º14'07" S, 44º38'09" W and altitude of 550 m) and Bom Jesus (09º10'35" S, 44º50'36" W and altitude of 600 m), Piaui State, Brazil. The areas had different times of no-tillage crop under straw: SPD2 - 2 years, SPD3 - 3 years, SPD6 - 6 years, SPD10 - 10 years, SPD12 - 12 years, SPD15 - 15 years and SPD18 - 18 years old, as well as areas of native forest (control), in which the physical-water attributes were evaluated (distribution of granulometric fractions, soil density, total porosity, macro and microporosity, available water and field capacity), organic matter and the humid fraction. The database is organized as follows: identification of sampling sites, characterization of no-tillage systems under straw, soil physical-hydric attributes by layers and figures with the location of the farms and points sampling.</p>