Basic Considerations for the Observability of Kinematically Offset Binary AGN

<p>KDE resampled massive black-hole (MBH) binary&nbsp;population&nbsp;used for the analysis in Kelley 2020, <em>Considerations for the Observability of Kinematically Offset Binary AGN</em> (2005.10255).</p> <p>We start with a population of&nbsp;MBH binaries derived from the Illustris cosmological simulations, and evolved using semi-analytic post-processing models.&nbsp; These methods are described in Kelley et al. 2016 (1606.01900)&nbsp;and Kelley et al. 2017a,b (1702.02180 and&nbsp;1711.00075).&nbsp; We then&nbsp;use the kernel density estimation (KDE) technique to resample this population from the Illustris volume, into a sample of binaries from a full, simulated light-cone of observations.&nbsp; The binaries are resampled in bins of observed orbital period.&nbsp; The number of resampled binaries in a given period bin are restricted to 500,000.&nbsp; When this occurs, the &#39;weight&#39; of those binaries is assigned a value greater than one, while the &#39;weight&#39; of binaries in unrestricted period bins is set to unity.&nbsp; For example, if the &#39;true&#39; number of binaries in a bin should have been 1e6, the number of samples would be restricted to 5e5, and the weight of each of those binaries&nbsp;would be set to 2.0.&nbsp; If the number of binaries in a bin were instead 2e5, which is less than the limit, then each of those binaries&nbsp;is given a weight of 1.0.&nbsp; Only a single realization of this sample is included, but additional realizations can be produced if needed and on request.</p> <p>The data are presented in hdf5 format and contain the following arrays:</p> <pre><code># Meta-Data `periods`: shape: (201,) units: seconds descr: the edges of the bins in observed orbital period from which the population was sampled. `counts`: shape: (200,) units: None descr: The number of binaries produced in each period bin. This number for each bin is capped at 500,000. The sum of these values equals the total number of samples (70622013). # Data In this particular realization of data, the number of sampled binaries is `S = 70622013`. `mtot`: shape: (S,) units: grams descr: the total mass of each binary (`M = M1 + M2`). `mrat`: shape: (S,) units: None descr: The mass ratio of each binary, `q = M2/M1 &lt;= 1.0`, where M2 is the mass of the secondary (lower mass) component. `pobs`: shape: (S,) units: seconds descr: The orbital period of each binary in the observer's rest frame (at redshift, `z = 0`). `redz`: shape: (S,) units: None descr: The redshift of each binary. `weights`: shape: (S,) units: None descr: The number of 'true' binaries (i.e. the number that are expected to occur in this realization of an observed universe) represented by this individual 'sample', and having similar binary parameters.</code></pre> <p>&nbsp;</p>